MiG-35. BaseMpi. Iziganeko ze-MiG-35

Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, ubunzima bezombutho baseRashiya bunezixhobo zokuzalwa eziphindwe kabini. Kuye kwaphuhliswa iindidi ezintsha zezixhobo, kwaye abantu abadala bahlaziywa. Oku kubonakala ngokukodwa kwimeko yecala. Ngako-ke, ezininzi iinkqubo zokuhamba ngeenqwelo zendiza sele ziqalise ukufumana i-MiG-35 entsha, eyona yeyona nto ibona i-bombers ephakamileyo kunabo bonke emhlabeni.

Iimpawu eziphambili

Inqwelo-moya yaveliswa yi-RAC MiG. Isalathiso esiyinhloko sisebenza ngokubanzi, okwenza kube lula ukusebenzisa umatshini kwiimeko ezahlukeneyo. Kwakhona kufumaneka kwi-export version, kukho ukuguqulwa ngekhabini ephindwe kabini. I-MiG-35 entsha, enezithombe ezikulo nqaku, ifana kakhulu nomzekelo wangaphambili (iMig-29), kodwa umatshini ohlukileyo.

Zonke iinguqulelo zolu matshini ziyinqwelo entsha. Uhlobo oluphambili lwentlukwano yoluhlu lwendiza, oluhlaziyiweyo ngokutsha ngokutsha kwiibhodi, ukuphuculwa kweengalo zebhodi, kunye nokukwazi ukuthwala iziqhotyoshelwano kunye neempahla.

Kwi-MiG-35 yaphunyezwa ngokupheleleyo umgaqo we-HOTAS. Kuthetha ukuthini oku? Inyaniso kukuba ngexesha lokuhamba yonke into efunekayo ukuba umqhubi uphumele ngokukhawuleza kwi-glass cover yekhenpiti. Kule nto, "imiboniso" emithathu isetyenziswa kanye. Ingqiqo enjalo ivumela umqhubi ukuba enze imfazwe yomoya ngaphandle kokuphazamisa ekulawuleni izixhobo.

Uyilo lweMiza

Umatshini wenziwa ngokucwangcisa iskimu kunye nelungiselelo elingaphansi kwamaphiko kunye neendawo ezikude kude nezinye iinjini ezikhoyo. Umzimba wenziwe nge-titanium, i-alloys alloys kunye nezinto ezidibeneyo. Ukutshitshiswa kwephiko ku malunga nama-42 degrees.

Ukutshintshwa kwe-keel kwenziwa nge-carbon fiber. Inqwelo isebenzisa isihlalo se-catapult esiqinisekisiweyo esifanelekileyo esingu-K-36DM.

Ukufakelwa kwamandla

Ngaloo ndlela, iinjongo ze-RD-33MK zisetyenzisiweyo, ezisezintlanganisweni ezininzi ezifana neMiG-29K. Umvelisi uyazisa ukuba izityalo zamandla kunye nefree vrust eguquguqukayo zingafakwa kubathengi ngabanye. Zizo iinjini ezifakwa kwiinqwelo-moya ze-MiG-35, ezijoliswe ekuboniseni izibalo ze-aerobatics.

Idizayini isebenzisa isityalo segesi se -GTE-117 esenza ubuncinane ubunzima bama-66.2 kW. Amafutha anikwe kwiitanki ezintlanu ezisemagqabini endiza, kunye namacandelo amabini aphiko. Inani labo elipheleleyo lilonke linama-4300 ilitha.

Ukuzenzekelayo

Ukunciphisa umthwalo kumqhubi, inqwelo-moya isebenzisa inkqubo yokulawula ngokuzenzekelayo SAU-451. Ukongeza, izixhobo zokunciphisa impawu zeSOS-3M zifakwe. Ukukhokela ekujoliswe kuyo, isisombululo se-SUV-29 sinoxanduva. Iquka inkqubo yokubukela i-RLPK-29 ne-BVVM C100.

Ngokuqhelekileyo, ukuhamba kwenkcubeko yanamhlanje kugxininise ngokuchanekileyo ekugqithisweni kwemisebenzi yabaqhubi kwiinkqubo zekhomputha. Kuyaqondakala: ijubane leenqwelo zokulwa nxamnye nokuba ukuphendula komntu akukwaneli ukuphendula ngokwaneleyo kwingozi engozini.

Inkqubo ye-opto-sighting, emele umzekelo we-OEPRN-29, iquka i-OEPS-29. Okugqithiseleyo kukuba "iSlit-3UM", yenye yeendlela ezifanelekileyo zokubonisa iinjongo kulo lonke ihlabathi. Ukuhamba nokuhamba kwendlela kujongene ne-CH-29.

E502-20 "I-Turquoise" isetyenziswe njengezixhobo zokunxibelelana kweediyo. Indlela yokujonga umqhubi we-radar umqhubi ngaphambi kwexesha iya kwazisa iSSPO-15LM "Birch". Ukukhusela ukufunyanwa komatshini kunye nokukhusela izixhobo ezichanekileyo zokusetyenziswa, ukusetyenziswa kwezixhobo zokudibanisa i-Gardening-1FU kunye nezixhobo ze-PPI-26 ezinoxanduva lokukhutshwa kweethagethi zobuxoki.

Izixhobo eziphambili kwezixhobo nezixhobo

"Ukugxininisa" kwendiza yiyona radar entsha "I-Beetle-ME" ye-radar, inkqubo ye-optical-location system, kunye neenkqubo "zokuqonda" ezijoliswe kwi-helmet.

Iimpompo zomoya-moya-moya ezifana ne-PBB-AE, P-27P1, P-27T1 zingasetyenziswa njengeziqhotyoshelweyo. Ukongezelela, kunokwenzeka ukuxhoma iindleko ze-X-29T, i-X-31A ye-air-to-surface. Inqwelo-moya ixhobile kunye neebhomu ezilungelelanisiweyo kunye nezixhobo ze-rocket ezingabonakaliyo. Ukunciphisa iithagethi zomhlaba kunye nabahlaseli beentshaba, inqwelo-moya ixhobile ngesibhamu se-GSh-301.

Ukwandisa ukhenketho kokuthenga inqwelo yabathengi bangaphandle, kwakunokwenzeka ukuxhoma izixhobo ezivela kumazwe angaphandle.

Yintoni enye into enhle malunga ne-MiG-35? Iinkcukacha zizithetha zona.

Ngomlinganiselo wokuloba weetoni ezili-11 kuphela, inqwelo iya kukhawuleza ukuya kuma-2300 km / h. Ngexesha elifanayo ebhodini, unokuthatha iitoni ezingama-4,5 zeenqwelo kunye nokuhamba naye nge-3200 km (ukuba kukho iitanks zamanzi).

Ukongeza, i-MiG-35, eneempawu zobugcisa esicinga ngazo, iphakama ukuya kwindawo ephakamileyo yeekhilomitha eziyi-17, kwaye ubude obuncinane bokuthatha ubude buyi-260mitha!

Ukufumanisa intshaba

I-BRLS ikuvumela ukuba uchonge kwaye uhambisane neethagethi zomoya ngaphakathi kumgama ongama-120 km. Kuvumelekile ukuba kuxhaswe iithagethi ezilishumi kunye nokulwa kunye nabo abane. Ukuba sithetha malunga nokulwa kunye neethagethi zomhlaba, iinqanawa zolu hlobo lomonakalisi zifunyenwe kwizigaba ukuya kuma-250 km, kunye neenqanawa zamasiza-ukuya kuma-150 km.

Imizila ekuphuhlisweni kweenqwelo zokulwa zanamhlanje

Namhlanje, kulo lonke ihlabathi, kukho imbonakalo ecacileyo ekubhekiseleleni ukuba abaqhubi beemitha ezininzi banokuba ngabahlali ababini. Njengoko sithe satsho, iMiG-35 yayingekho. Yintoni enomnqweno we-freeaus yokwakha ukwandisa abasebenzi?

Xa i-helicopter ka-Ka-50 ivivinywa, umkhosi wenziwa ukuba xa usebenza kwimodi yomhlaba, umthwalo oqhutywayo umqhubi ukhula ngokukhawuleza: umqhubi akufanele alwe kuphela, kodwa ujonge kwakhona ukufundwa kwezixhobo ezininzi. Konke oku kuye kwaqwalaselwa xa kutyalwa i-helicopter ye-Ka-52 kuphela, kodwa nangokudala i-aircraft entsha ye-MiG-35.

Kungenxa yoko oku kwagqitywa ukuba kuhlale abaqhubi ababini kwi-cockpit ukuze omnye wabo aphephe indiza, kwaye okwesibini yayiza kulwa. Ukuqwalasela ukuba ijubane le-MiG-35 lidlula ngaphezu kwesandi, isisombululo asivumeli kuphela ukunciphisa umthwalo kubaqhubi, kodwa kwandisa kakhulu ukunyameka komatshini ngokupheleleyo.

Ithemba

Akuyimfuneko ukucinga ukuba kuphela umkhosi wasemakhaya ubenomdla kulo uphuhliso olutsha. I-Malaysian Air Force iye yathetha ngokuphindaphindiweyo malunga neenzuzo zokusebenzisa i-Russian bombers-bombers-bombers. Phantse ukufana oku kwachazwa ngabameli be-Indian Army.

Ngelishwa, nangona iziganeko ezimangalisayo ze-MiG-35 azizange zimsindise emva kweemidlalo, xa ukuhanjiswa kweenqwelo zomoya zaseRashiya zincinyiwe ngokunyaniseka kwebala laseNdiya ukuphinda ubungozi bama-1990. Emva koko umkhosi wonke welizwe wawungenayo inkxaso yenyama.

Isizathu sisilula - Inkqubo yamajoni aseRashiya yinkampani kule minyaka yayingekho konke ukukhusela ngaphandle, kodwa iNdiya nayo iyaqondwa.

Okwangoku, iingcali zasekhaya azisebenzi nje kuphela kwii-MiGs ezithunyelwa ngaphandle kwempahla, kodwa kwakhona ekuhlaziyeni kwakhona imirhumo yeenqwelo-moya zasekhaya. Ngokukodwa, sele sele ivakaliswe ukuba umqhubi wezindiza u-Admiral Gorshkov uya kuba ngumntu.

Abadluliyo

Namhlanje kunqabile ukuba inqwelo entsha iphuhliswe kwi "slate ecocekileyo". Umzekelo wesizukulwana esidlulileyo uhlala usetyenziswa njengesiseko. Ngeli xesha, iingcali zekhaya zakhetha i-MiG-29M.

Ukwahlukana phakathi kwe-MiG-35 kunye nomzekelo omdala

Nangona idizayini isekelwe kwimodeli 29M, inqwelo entsha ne-29K yayihlanganisiwe. Isitshixo samandla kunye nenkqubo yokulawula, i-cockpit kunye ne-wing design ziphantse zifana. Ngeendlela ezininzi, umahluko lukho nje kwisakhiwo esicacileyo esicwangcisiweyo.

Ngokuqhelekileyo, abaqhubi be-MiG-35 baninzi kwiziganeko ezinjengeenqwelo zeenqwelo zomoya. Kwaye kwambulwa ingubo engabonakaliyo ukwenzela ukuba ubumbano buninzi. Le ndlela yokuveliswa kweenqwelo zamandulo kunye neenqwelo-mveliso kwipshini enye.

Kodwa ii-avionics kule mishini zihluke ngokupheleleyo. Ngokukodwa, kukho isitishi se-radar esineenkalo eziqingqiweyo, kunye neenkcukacha ezikhuselekileyo zokukhusela iinqwelo-moya, ezibandakanya iinkqubo ezininzi ezikhuselekileyo nezikhuselekileyo. Uninzi lwazo luyimisebenzi emininzi.

Ukuthembeka nokulwa nokuzinza

Aba baqhubi bahlukeneyo ngokusinda ngokubhekiselele kokulwa ngenxa yobungqina be-radar kunye nekhredithi ye-infrared. Ukongezelela, ngenxa yokuhamba kwethu, kubaluleke ngokukodwa ukuba kunokwenzeka ukuba umhlaba ungagqitywanga kwaye ungabonakali ii-aerodromes.

Ukunyaniseka kwabaqulunqi beenqwelo-moya bahlawuliswa. Ngoko ke, zonke iinkqubo zolawulo zomatshini kunye neenkqubo ziphindiwe. Kwimodi evamile, zonke iinkqubo zokulawula ezongezelelweyo zikwimodi yokulinda. Indlela ekhethekileyo ibonakala nakumzekelo wokunikezelwa kwamandla ngenqwelo.

Ngoko ke, esikhundleni seenjini zombini ezifakwe kwi-MiG-29, i-aircraft entsha yahamba ngokukhawuleza emine. Kukho inkqubo ekhethiweyo yokuqala ukukwazi ukubonelela ngokugcwele umbane kunye nombane. Oku kukuvumela ukuba uvavanye ngokupheleleyo phantse zonke iistim e-boardboard ezisemhlabeni, kwaye akufuneki ukutshisa umbane wale nto. Ngona isityalo sokukhupha i-oksijeni esivela emoyeni kwi-plane sinayo.

Zonke ezi meko zenza abaqhubi beli klasi bahlelwe ngokuzimelela.

Indawo yokusebenzela abaqhubi

Njengoko sithe satshilo, iimbonakalo ezintathu zengcaciso zenziwe kwi "windshield" yelanga lepakpitpit. Ngendlela, i-cabin ngokwayo iyafana neyo-Mig-29K yemkhumbi.

Abaphuhlisi benza njalo ngenxa yokuba abaqhubi beenqwelo-moya bebaninzi kakhulu malunga nale ndlela. Ikota ye sibini ixhotyiswe kunye neenkalo ezine zokusebenza, enye yazo iphindaphindiwe ngolwazi oluyisiseko kwi-cockpit yomqhubi wokuqala.

Ngendlela, kwisiqulatho esisodwa se-MiG-35, itanki eyongeziweyo yabekwa endaweni yesibini kwikhabini.

Ukusebenza kweenqwelo zeFoto

Ngokuqhelekileyo, imodeli yama-35 yenzelwe i-akhawunti efanayo kunye nabaqhubi bee-oothatyathi ukuba bathathe ixesha elincinane kunokwenzeka. Ngokomzekelo, i-cadets ayinakudluliselwa ngqo kwi-simulators yoqeqesho esekelwe kwi-MiG-29. Njengamanje, iinguqulelo ezintsha zeemimulator ziphuhliswa, eziza kuzisa i-MiG-35 kwisiqulatho somkhumbi.

Kodwa inqwelo-moya inenzuzo enye ebalulekileyo, ibonakaliswe ngokulula kokusebenza kwayo. Inyaniso kukuba imikhosi yethu namhlanje ixhomekeke kwiMig-29M ne-29K. Ngako oko, ukuba bakhonze phantse ngokufanayo kubo imoto iya kuba lula, kunokuba i-aircraft entsha entsha.

Phakathi kwezinye izinto, iingcali ziqaphele ukuba ubuchule bokwenzululwazi kule modemu bunokukwazi ukufikelela kwi-2040.

Ulwazi malunga nokusebenza kwanamhlanje kwiiRF eziPhathelene neMiG-29/35

Okwangoku, imikhosi yelizwe lethu ine-400 MiG-29 iinguqulelo ezintsha. Kubikwa ukuba ukususela kulo nyaka umqhubi we-MiG-35 uza kuqala ukunikezelwa ngokuthe ngqo kwimikhosi. Namhlanje akukho manani angamaqela ambalwa kweli klasi emkhosini, kodwa ngokuqinisekileyo ukutshintsha kwabo kuya kwenziwa ngokukhawuleza.

Kwimiba emininzi le nto ayifanelekanga kuphela kwinkqubo yokuvuselela i-mass (kuze kube ngu-2020), kodwa kwinto yokuba i-Migov ye-29 yaqala ukuveza iimpazamo ezibulalayo ezinxulumene nokuguba okukhawulezayo kwinqanaba elithile leyunithi yomsila. Ngokukodwa, ngo-2008, ngenxa yesi sizathu, omnye umqhubi wasweleka.

Okwangoku, kuphela ezo moya eziye zafumana ukuhlolwa kweteknoloji epheleleyo zivumelekile ukuba zifakwe. Kakade, iiprojekthi zokhuseleko ziqwalaselwa, apho phantse i-MiG-35 nganye yesibini iya kuba yinkqubo enzulu yexesha elikhoyo.

Nangona kunjalo, umkhosi ngokwawo uphatha le ngcamango kakhulu: iimoto ezininzi zale klasi ziveliswe nangaphantsi kwe-USSR, ngoko i-resource management resource has long been tired.

Ukuthengisa kumaqabane angaphandle

Njengoko sithe satshilo, amaqabane angaphandle angabonakalisa umdla wokuthenga ezi moya. Nangona kunjalo, okwangoku akukho ziphakamiso ezithandekayo zokubonelela kwazo. Ngoko ke, abavelisi basekhaya abazange balityale isiganeko sika-2012, xa umkhosi wase-Indiya wenqaba ukuthenga ibhetch of combatants.

Isisusa esisemthethweni sabangozo zabo kwiinjini zeenqwelo-moya. Ngokungaqhelekanga kunikwa ingxelo yokuba i-India ngelo xesha yayingenaso umnqweno wokuphindaphinda amava angama-90.

Namhlanje le meko ifana nayo: abathengi bangaphandle babonisa umdla othile kwinqwelo-moya, kodwa abakhawuleza ukuyithenga ngokukhulu. Ngendlela, yintoni indleko ye-MiG-35?

Kungcono kakhulu: ukuba ucinga ngo-2012, ixabiso leenqwelo-moya elinye laliyi-$ 100 yezigidi. Ngenxa yokuba ama-Indiya anqabile ukubonelela abantu abangama-126, iindleko ezipheleleyo ezixabisa ngaphezu kwe-10 billion, i-MIC yethu inemali eninzi.

Nangona kunjalo, ngokwaneleyo malunga neentlungu. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba yinqwelo-moya, apho abathengi belizwe langaphandle abazange banqatshelwe ngomzuzu wokugqibela, bangena kwi-arsenal ye-aircraft. Kuthemba ukuba i-MiG-35 iya kusetyenziswa kwimali efunekayo yokhuseleko oluqhelekileyo lwelizwe.

Kuxelwa ukuba phantse bonke abadlali abatshatsheli abatsha baqeshwe kwiindawo zokungena kwendawo yaseKursk nakwindawo yaseMoscow. Ukunikezelwa kwimizila ye-geopolitical yakutshanje, umntu akanakuzazaza ukuba iinqwelo zaseRussia ziyimfuneko kakhulu kumkhosi wethu.