Makhe ukuphendula umbuzo owasungula ifowuni?

Inkqubela rhoqo ikhula kwaye ngeentlondi ezintsha kunye ezifunyaniswe ivele ngokukhawuleza yaye ngokukhawuleza minyaka yonke. Xa ubomi bethu buquka izixhobo ezininzi ezintsha izolo kuphela kwabonakala njengephupha, kwaye zombane ngokwesiqhelo kufakwe entsha ngcono. kwiminyaka nje elishumi eyadlulayo, indawo yokuhlala nganye yaba umbala TV eziqhelekileyo remote control, nto leyo yayigqalwa ukuphumelela, kodwa ngoku sibona ukuvela screens plasma flat ngobugcisa 3D. Laptops, iikhompyutha tablet, Kakade ke, lo Iiselfowuni ngokuqinileyo kangaka kusekwa ebomini bethu ukuba ngaphandle kwabo phambi iya kuba yingxaki kakhulu.

Inqanaba ebomini bethu kusenza ukuba bafumane izixhobo ezininzi ngoku bazalise ikhaya lethu, kodwa uhlale kunye utshintsho izizukulwana, kunzima ngakumbi, ikakhulu ngenxa yokuba umntu avareji ayiyazi nantoni na malunga uhlaziyo.

Isantya bemfuna wobomi kucwangcisa ndiqale ukujonga emva, esisigxina amehlo akhe phezu ibali, kwaye ukhumbule eyayise phambili. Makhe ukuphendula umbuzo owasungula ifowuni? Ngaphandle kwamathandabuzo, lo enye yamacebo athandwa kakhulu phakathi kwabo basingqongileyo. Indoda ngaphandle ngoku uziva nje ukuzenzela nto. Kodwa asinguye wonke umntu uyazi owasungula ngomnxeba, ngubani wanika amagama ambalwa mgama.

Xa engcanjini kokusungulwa langoku

Sithetha ukugqithiselwa izandi mgama. Phantsi kwale nkcazo ufumana oluninzi lwezixhobo. Ngokuba lixesha lokuqala kuye kwabonakala into enjengale e China ngonyaka 968. Kakade ke, emva koko "ifowuni" hayi kunxibelelana nento siza kubona ngoku, ukuba izixhobo ngomatshini ngumsina kuqulethe ezininzi imibhobho. Loo umsindo transmission siseko isetyenziswa ngoku, umzekelo, kwi imikhumbi emikhulu.

Olunye uhlobo owaziwa, mhlawumbi, zonke i "ifowuni ngentambo." Nangoku sinako ukwenza le diaphragms amabini kunye intambo Wasolula phakathi kwabo. Nangona ezi iindlela kungekho nto yakwenza ubugcisa bale mihla, baye bakhonza ngere-, apho iifayile ezisetyenziswa imigaqo lokufaneleka namhlanje. Kodwa ngubani owavela ifowuni ngendlela esetyenziswa ngoku?

isixhobo sombane

Ngowe-1860, i-Italian Antonio Meucci wabonisa isixhobo ekwaziyo ngokuthumela ezahlukeneyo izandi kunye nentetho phezu wire. Wade wafumana igunya wokusungula. Malunga nonyaka kamva yaseJamani uJohann Reis thaca into efanayo, kodwa lixhotyiswe microphone isithethi. Ngowe-1876 Aleksandr Bell wabonisa izwe isixhobo ebizwa i "yocingo ethetha", okunyusileyo kunye iingcamango zoyilo zangaphambili. He kubhekwa umsunguli, igalelo vnosshim, kodwa asinguye lowo owavela umnxeba yokuqala.

sesayensi Russian kunye njineli bombane 1878 wadala uyilo lokuqala ifowuni yahlukile njengeyabo Bell. isixhobo yakhe ifowuni lokuqala Russian. Kwiminyaka elandelayo, izazinzulu ezininzi ziye ukusebenza uphuculo yayo, kuqukwa uThomas Edison.

Kodwa ukuphendula umbuzo owasungula mobile phone, kancinane ezinobunzima, kuba iye yaba ukwandiswa zendalo oonomathotholo ndlela-mbini kunye nezinye izixhobo ezifanayo. Ingcamango uqamba into enjengaleyo wabonakala ngowe-1947, yaye kwase yokuqala yehlabathi, leyo kuthathwa selfoni eqokelelweyo Isazinzulu Golubitskiy Russian ngo-1957, nangona isixhobo bumalunga 3 eekhilogram.

Sinokuthi umbuzo owasungula ngomnxeba, akukho impendulo ecacileyo. Izazinzulu ezininzi ezisuka kumazwe awahlukeneyo ngexesha ukusebenza ngalo, kwaye ngoku siya kufumana iziphumo yomsebenzi wabo kumgangatho eyahlukileyo ngokupheleleyo. Kwaye ngoko estvestvenno ukuba nokuba uyeke ukucinga.

Kwaye iifowuni, kunye ezifakwe eziqhelekileyo kungekho nto yakwenza nesibakala ukuba phantse leminyaka eyadlulayo.