Makasingelwe - yintoni na le nto?

Makasingelwe - amsongele ngumKristu evela amiswa yaye adibane nabanye abathembekileyo. Kuye kusetyenziswa sisohlwayo ngenxa yezono ingakumbi engcwabeni phambi Church.

gama

Livela αναθεμα igama lesiGrike, lithetha into esingelwe kuThixo, ibe ngumsondezo etempileni, isipho. Xa inguqulelo yesiGrike iBhayibhile iye yasetyenziswa ukugqithisa igama lesiHebhere (herem) - into damn abantu ncedi nganto yaye ndifuna self-intshabalalo. Zaba phantsi kwempembelelo intsingiselo lesiHebhere elithi "phantsi" Ndizuze intsingiselo elibi kwaye iphathwe njengento abantu abakhi, Kukuze batshabalale, kwaye ke ngoko uqalekisiwe.

umongo

Imfuneko phantsi kunye admissibility yayo - enye ingxaki enzima ibandla. Nakule yonke yeCawa njengoko isicelo okanye engeso-sicelo kwalo isohlwayo lilawulwe umtya yeemeko ezithile, wayeyintloko phakathi apho ubungakanani ingozi ebangelwa umoni ukuba ibandla.

KumaXesha Aphakathi kunye eMpuma kwi West, ukuqinisekisile uluvo wangena eSt Augustine, ukuba Ubhaptizo ngaphandle ngokupheleleyo umntu iCawa, yaye ngako oko, ndahlukaniswe naye ayikwazi ukuvala ngokupheleleyo indlela yosindiso. Sekunjalo, sohlwayo kwi ixesha kumaXesha Aphakathi ekuqaleni kwi Ntshona mayingabonwa "legend wentshabalalo obungunaphakade." Noko ke, ukuba kusetyenziswa kuphela ngenxa yezono enokufa , yaye kuphela xa kukho ukuzingisa epheleleyo ngempazamo, yaye kwakungekho traction ukuba alungise.

Wamasiko uthi ungosingelwe phantsi uYesu - amsongele wavakalisa lo mntu conciliar (okanye iqela), izenzo kunye neengcinga leyo kusongela ubunye yeCawa nokucoceka imfundiso. Esi senzo yodwa ethwele zemfundo, umsebenzi lukagqirha ngokunxulumene anathematized nokulumkisa nxamnye noluntu ikholwa. Isicelo lo isohlwayo kuphela emva kokuba amalinge amaninzi lilize ukubiza umoni ukuguquka wabanika ithemba inguquko elizayo kwaye, ngenxa yoko, ukubuya yabantu esifubeni leCawa kwixesha elizayo, yaye ngoko ke usindiso lwakhe.

LobuKatolika nangoku ucinga ukuba ukunika i-phantsi - isiqalekiso uze ungandilanduleli lonke ithemba zohlangulo. Ngenxa sengqondo ezahlukeneyo malunga phantsi walishiya eli hlabathi. Makasingelwe - isiqalekiso, ngokutsho ubuKatolika - sisohlwayo abafileyo. Orthodox ujonga kuyo njengobungqina amsongele zabantu ukususela ngeCawa, yaye ke ngoko, umntu unakho phantsi kuyo nanini na.

Isimemezelo masisingelwe phantsi

Act apho akwazi ukuqonda oko kumkhalimela, yayikukuba umlinganiswa kwityala enkulu disciplinary nokufundisa iimbono zazo, kuba makasingelwe lobuqu phantsi schismatics, abafundisi ababuxoki, heresiarchs. Ngenxa ubungqongqo olu hlobo isohlwayo kwisibingelelo eso kwiimeko ezinqabileyo kakhulu apho namnye imali zithambe ukuba aboni balo akukho isiphumo.

Ekuqaleni, ndahlukaniswe naye ngokukhawuleza "John Doe makasingelwe," elithetha ngokoqobo "masisingelwe phantsi." Ngenxa amagama itshintshe ngokuhamba kwexesha. Ngokukodwa, ibinzana elithi "phantsi" - oku ngumxholo amsongele, kodwa isenzo kulunyulwa ngokwalo ( "John Doe, masisingelwe phantsi"). Mhlawumbi ngenxa yokuba amazwi anjalo "anathematize (it) kunye John Doe (a) qhekeko kwakhe."

Ngenxa ubungqongqo isohlwayo oko ungabonakalisa iBhunga elinoLawulo oluPhezulu okanye lecawa of koobhishophu kunye usolusapho ngasentloko, yaye kwiimeko ezinzima - zeformula Council. Ukuba kukho naziphi na zezi uMphathi yagqiba lo mbuzo kuphela, oko kwenziwe ngaphandle njengoko isicombululo nangoku lelizwe.

Xa bephosa anathemas emva kokufa umphefumlo oswelekileyo akuvumelekile ukuba ukhumbule, ukuba baqhube inkonzo yesikhumbuzo, inkonzo yomngcwabo, ukuba bathi lo mthandazo.

masisingelwe phantsi Ukususa

Nokubekwa yale isohlwayo akuthethi ukuba indlela ukubuyela iCawa kwaye, ngenxa yoko, ukuba usindiso-odolwe. Ukuba ususe le isohlwayo ephakamileyo lonqulo kufuneka benze izenzo lwezomthetho: ngenguquko umoni ngendlela yoluntu. Kwimeko ngesizathu ezaneleyo (ukuphelela sinokungcwengeka okuvela nokuzisola, ukungabikho isoyikiso ukusuka umoni kumalungu aseleyo zeCawa, kwaye ngokungqinelana nemimiselo isohlwayo) igunya agwebe, athathe isigqibo malunga kuxolelwe anathematized. Makasingelwe ingashenxiswa emva kokufa. Emva koko waphinda kunyanyezelwa naluphi na uhlobo kukhunjulwa kwabafileyo.