The Catholic Church kumaXesha Aphakathi na- namhlanje

I-Roman Catholic Church kumaXesha Aphakathi umele elinye lamaziko EU zinamandla. Kuyinto ngenxa imigudu yakhe, kuba ikwazile ukubalelana anomdla kuzo ezihlabanayo lwamazwe Western, kwaye ummandla apho eyaguqukayo yaba iqumrhu kwizimvo kunye monolithic.

History of the Catholic Church

neemfundiso ezisisiseko ukholo lwamaKristu abembumbile nangaphambi zamaXesha Aphakathi. Xa ifomu kanzulu, abebalwa kwi UCreed, owamkelwe ngowama-325 kwi kwiBhunga laseNicaea. Ukususela ngelo xesha sele kudlule iminyaka 264, yamaKatolika iCawa yagqiba bamenze Ukongeza ebalulekileyo kakhulu, nto leyo ekugqibeleni wababela Mpuma kunye namasebe eNtshona ubuKristu. Sithetha malunga mfundiso odumileyo (589), nto leyo ithi ukuba umthombo loMoya oyiNgcwele nguThixo nje kuphela uYise, kodwa uThixo uNyana. Kungenzeka, eli lungiselelo yamkelwa ukuze ezikhona ubambene okwathatha kunye Arians. Ukongeza wokubala wokholo ( "Ndikholwa kuThixo omnye") kongezwe "noNyana", yamaKatolika iCawa bamandulo, uze ingcaciso entsha, subordinative ngakumbi Emnye: kwenzeka phantsi uNyana kaYise, nangona yokuba omabini umthombo loMoya oyiNgcwele. Nangona isibakala sokuba lo mbono impikiswano, ngo-809, kunye nenkxaso Karla Velikogo oko ekugqibeleni ligxile kwi- Aachen Cathedral. Kukho omnye ezintsha ebalulekileyo, nto leyo ngaloo mihla wathabatha yamaKatolika iCawa. In ngamaXesha Aphakathi yamaRoma abangooBhishophu Gregory 1 Great kuqala wavakalisa ingcamango ubukho kwindawo ethile eliphakathi phakathi kwezulu nesihogo apho enetyala ilungisa ukuze kuhlawulelwe izono zakhe abancinane. Ngokusekelwe kule vekeleke, kwakukho imfundiso miphefumlo. Enye ezintsha yaba postulate yesitokhwe izenzo ezilungileyo. Ngokwale mfundiso ilungisa kunye ezingcwele zika ubomi bakhe ukwenza izinto ezininzi ezintle ukuba lukhulu kakhulu usindiso lobuqu. Ngenxa yoko, "okugqithe" oluhlala elungileyo ecaweni kwaye zingasetyenziswa ukuba okuhlangula nje abathembekileyo kangako. Lo mbono uye isicelo eluncedo kakhulu: yamaKatolika Church kumaXesha Aphakathi wokuthengisa kwezono. Ukuqala 1073 isihloko "uyise" waqala ukuba lilungu kuphela kubhishophu waseRoma. Ngokutsho iimfundiso yelifa yabapostile utshintshela kuyo yonke neengcambu kwamandla kanye banawo kuPetros, phila kuqala abapostile-12. Ngowe-1870, i-ithisisi ekugqibeleni fixed kwiVatican ngokohlobo imfundiso ubukhulu nobunganga boMgaqo upopu.

Indima ye-Catholic Church in ngexesha lethu

Ngaphandle kwento yokuba amandla isebe yasentshona ubuKristu kumhla wethu ngonyuka kuncitshiswe, kusekwangoko kakhulu ukuxela ukuba nempembelelo yalo mbutho ehlabathini namhlanje akuthethi nto. The Catholic Church iyaqhubeka ukuba iziko ezibalulekileyo zentlalo, nto leyo ngokulula ukutshintsha izimvo zoluntu ngomba othile. Ukususela kwimihla kumaXesha Aphakathi, yamaKatolika iCawa ikwazile ukuba ukuzenzela ubutyebi enkulu. Kwi-US, impahla yemibutho yayo kuqikelelwa kwi malunga $ 100 yezigidi zezigidi., Ke imali yengeniso yonyaka imi kwi $ 15 yezigidi zezigidi. Kungokwemvelo kuphela ukuba onjalo umbutho enkulu ze-mali kakuhle efana iCawa yamaKatolika mihla, ngokuqinileyo ukukhusela izilangazelelo yayo ehlabathini. Nangona ukuphikisana zangaphakathi kunye yokwahlukana ebantwini, impembelelo yalo mbutho kwihlabathi lasentshona nangoku kwinqanaba eliphezulu kakhulu.