Luiz Burzhua: biography kunye nemisebenzi

Sinikezela ukuba aqhelane ngegcisa elinye inomdla kakhulu kwinkulungwane yama-20 - Luiz Burzhua. Biography ziyenze thaca kweli nqaku. L. yamaphephandaba - nomkroli American, igcisa graphic kunye opeyintayo lemvelaphi French. Louise - an artist mythologized kwakungamlalisi kunye tai, kwakunye izibakala esengumntwana. Kubomi bakhe omdala akukho uyothuka zokwenene, kodwa yongxowankulu abazange bayeke ekukhuliseni umothuko yabo yengqondo ukuba izibetho kuye besebancinane.

Childhood nedrama uLouise

Louise wazalwa ngo-1911 e-Paris. Yamaphephandaba wakhulela Aubusson, kwiphondo French. Apho usapho wayenendlu yocweyo ukubuyiselwa amalaphu. Njengoko elivisayo, uLouise unikwe kwi Lyceum Fenellona - iziko lemfundo ezidumileyo. Le ntwazana kufutshane kakhulu kunina, Josephine. Louise Josephine rhoqo bancedisa emsebenzini: zipeyintwe, wawufaka, amalaphu kungalungiswa.

Ubudlelwane phakathi zangaphandle kakuhle-ntle xa abazali babo kude zimbi. Uyise Luiz phantse ekuhleni umqhathile umfazi wakhe Englishwoman - umphathi abantwana babo. Kuba intombazana encinane, le meko banal yaba bali. Yena ngasemva kwakhe bonke ubomi bam, ukuba bahlaziye ngayo imisebenzi. Uyise Luiz ingqalelo ungumngcatshi. Wada wazama ukuzibulala emva kokufa nonina.

zokufunda eyunivesithi kunye nezifundo zabucala

Luiz Burzhua ngo-1932 ababhalise kwi-Sorbonne. Apha ayifundelwa intanda, geometry nakwimathematika. Kulo nyaka, yongxowankulu watyelela eSoviet Union. Ukususela ngo-1936, uLouise waba inxaxheba kumagumbi ubugcisa kunye nezikolo ze Paris. Wayesiya ucweyo kunye Constantin Brancusi, lo nomkroli enkulu, ngelo xesha lo ungumzekeliso ozise babezinikele basekhaya avant-garde. Louise izifundo kunye uFernand Léger, lo cubist odumileyo. Wamncoma italente yakhe kwaye bakhuthaza intombazana ukwenza imikrolo.

Ukutshata kunye nokufa iqabane

Iziganeko ezibalulekileyo ebomini bakhe buqu, uLouise kwenzeka ngo-1938, xa watshata uRobert Goldwater, i-mbali waseMerika iziqu Harvard. Emva kokuba umsitho sibini oselula wafudukela eNew York. Apha indoda yamaphephandaba waya kusebenza kwi-Museum of zobugcisa eyayingekaphuhli (wamiselwa umlawuli walo wokuqala). union engumzekelo ngothando nganye abanye abantu lokudala eyaqhubeka de-1974, xa uLouise wafa indoda. Wamzalela oonyana abathathu.

Imizobo kunye nemizobo yi noLouise

Bourgeois ekuqaleni umsebenzi wakhe wokudala, wafunda ukupeyinta kunye nemizobo. Xa uthotho imisebenzi ebubhinqa Maison, wadalwa kwiminyaka 1945-1947., Ke Women iwile (1946-1947 GG.), Le igcisa isicelo ubuchule the Surrealists. It melds ndawonye amanqaku ezahlukeneyo lwesakhiwo, efana endlwini, nomzimba lomfazi. Le misebenzi ucinga noLouise, yintoni indima abafazi indima entsatsheni. Abaninzi ukuchaza le ndima kuphela nje ukunyamekela ikhaya. Noko ke, yamaphephandaba yena uthi ukuba umsebenzi wakhe - lumo of kwemiYalezo, lowo uzama ukucinga umfazi ngokohlobo yokwakha.

Isibheno imikrolo

Louise kule 1940 swi nga imikrolo. Kucingwa enye iinkosi kakhulu kwinkulungwane yama-20. Impembelelo experiments zeplastiki uLouise wokuqala buqapheleke of akudala zamaGrike, drevneamerikanskoy kunye sculpture Afrika. Baya umkhondo imiphumo iinkosi ezinkulu ngenkulungwane yokugqibela, njengokuba uHenry Moore kunye Constantin Barnkuzi Alberto Giacometti, naye ngokusekelwe umsebenzi wabo iiplastiki lwakudala. Yamaphephandaba Umfanekiso ekuqaleni ibe ngamaqela iintlobo eziphilayo engabonwa, nto leyo ngokufuthi zazenziwe ngamaplanga.

"Le iimfama ezikhokela iimfama"

"Le iimfama ezikhokela iimfama", eyasekwa ngo-1947, yenye yezona ncwadi idumileyo Luiz Burzhua. Kokuba kube nokuqwalaselwa uluhlu umnxeba ngqo kunye "Umzekeliso Blind", olwenziwa yi Pieter Bruegel Omdala. Sebenza Louise isakhiwo equlathe 20 izimamva elide ezipinki iinkuni, tapering downwardly, kwaye ngaphezulu eziqhagamshelene iqhina-kwebhulorho. Elula yale Umfanekiso na ezidimazayo, kunye nokuziva ukungakhuseleki kunye nokungazinzi uyibamba. Yamaphephandaba uthi lo msebenzi - i reminiscence iminqweno yomntwana ukuzimela phantsi kwetafile xa kumanyundululu isidlo usapho zenzeke.

izinto ezintsha

Ngo-1960, kule ekroliweyo yezithunywa uLouise baqalisa ukusebenzisa izinto ezifana njengelitye, ngobhedu latex. Emva kokutyelela Italy, kuqhuba naziiperile. Ngowe-1949, oko kuqala umboniso Umfanekiso yongxowankulu - eNew York, egalari peridium.

Inzala kwi "kwicala emnyama" kunye ngezesini

Louise i umculi-postsyurrealistom, leyo wathi ngokwayo sharing-1930-1940. Ngeli xesha sele ufikile azisalungiseki intshukumo surrealist French. Amagcisa enxulumene nayo, zidalwe iqela babesondelelene gqitha. Abazange 'anzima ukuya sibonakalisa, iinkqubo usasazo kunye neengxelo declarative. Ngokuba lixesha lokuqala inani ezi mvumi, iqela ukuba nje nomdla kwi "kwicala emnyama 'ubomi ingqondo nangokwasengqondweni, awayedla Romantics, kodwa umzimba, yona ukutyhileka" kwicala emnyama. " Kungenxa yoko le nto ngesondo yomenzakalo ezinxulumene-Louise, kwakunye uphendlo buhlungu uqwalselo yayo, indima lobudlelwane ngokwesini. Ngowe-1968, yongxowankulu thaca ekroliweyo 2 zombini kwakusothusa yaye isigqebelo: "tathu UJanus" yaye "Girl".

"Girl"

Yenziwe ngerabha giant umphambili wagalela hook unosilarha. Le Umfanekiso imele imbono ebalulekileyo noLuiz Burzhua kwi iconography kwe umphambili kunye enxulumene ubume eyindoda. Isiseko sculpture nga lufundwe amatyhalarha eyindoda, nendlela izifuba amabhinqa kunye iinyonga ahanjiswa ngathi ngumfazi, umda uhanjiso.

"Liqhuma UJanus"

"Tathu UJanus" - umsebenzi apho ezimbaxa kubonakala iimilo isini, angangeni omnye komnye. E Latin, "UJanus" lithetha "ngxenye", "Arch". Noko ke, oko kukuthi uthixo-ababemi ezimbini, ogama omnye ubuso yabuyela elidlulileyo kunye neminye efuna ukuya kwixesha elizayo, ukuze janua - amasango kaThixo yavulwa loxolo livale ngexesha iimfazwe. zeendawana ngqongqo monolithic kunye sculpture yi umfanekiso bezinto ezimbini iyathamba, abaqhagamshelwe isiqalelo central, phantse kwakusenyanyeni, sifunda iinwele zikawonke wonke kunye nomsantsa ngesondo. Isichazi "eqhubela" libhekisela wazekelisa esini nje ivumba nezidubula. Abasetyhini kunye namadoda beza kunye bunjengobuso ezimbini. bezinto ezimbini ngaxeshanye efanayo kunye ngeempundu lwabasetyhini, amathanga namabele.

"Ukutshatyalaliswa uYise"

Luiz Burzhua zigqityiwe ufakelo yayo yokuqala ngo-1974. It wavula kwinqanaba entsha ngobomi ezinobuchule inkosi. Xa yongxowankulu "Ukutshatyalaliswa uYise," lo nomkroli ecinga ku ezibuhlungu ifomu zeplastiki entsonkothileyo kunye nethuku, abahlala kweli ienjini, leyo zibangelwa eziphikisanayo ubudlelwane kunye noyise, ungqiyame kakhulu umbhali ukususela ebuntwaneni. Ukufakela isakhiwo esifanayo emqolombeni. Amanani efana amatye zingqonge ipleyiti umbingelelo kunye saa amalungu emzimbeni wakhe, kubandakanywa amaqhekeza itakane, leyo nathengwa evenkileni unosilarha.

Lo msebenzi, uLouise kanti kakhulu, ekhumbuza umsebenzi igcisa Spanish Francisco Goya, nto leyo kakhulu kunene yoohlohlesakhe.

Ixesha "iiseli"

Ngo-1990, oko iyaqhubeka ukusebenza Luiz Burzhua. Ubuchule ibangela neqonga entsha - ithuba "iiseli." Artist enye yeenjongo zayo nokudalwa ingcamango Environnement, nto leyo yayiza kuba self-ezaneleyo, elizimeleyo bume somyuziyam. Le Environnement ungakwazi ukungena. Ezi zithinteli i uhlobo amava ubushushu olufunyenwe ngaphambili. Cell (Choisy) - iseli eliqulethe sculpture ibhastile indlu. Ngaphezu ibekwe a ukufa enkulu. Le Umfanekiso kufana engqondo zajika.

Couple IV

Umsebenzi Luiz Burzhua kamva xesha ziquka eziliqela iinjongo, kwakunye amanani ezenziwe ngelaphu. Bamele degrees ezahlukeneyo lithemba kunye neentlungu. Umzekelo, umsebenzi 1997 Couple IV imele into efana kumboniso endala lixesha le yimyuziyam. Ibonisa Amanani ezimbini bemthandele ngaphandle iintloko, ezama ukwenza uthando.

"Spider"

Ukufaka "Spider" noLuiz Burzhua (umfanekiso eboniswe ngezantsi) liye laba uphawu yemisebenzi kade nomkroli. Ucel umzekelo ogqibeleleyo uyilo ekhululekile yaye kusengqiqweni, wadala ngokwemvelo. Kwisichazi-magama lokomfuziselo Louise yongxowankulu spider abaqhubeki naziphi amaxabiso akhabanayo. It inxulunyaniswa nonina Louise, ekrelekrele, elungeleleneyo, nasendleleni, nomonde, banokuqonda, ephuhlileyo, luncedo, kubalulekile kwaye icocekile, ngathi yesigcawu. Esi sinambuzane unxulunyaniswa kukunyameka wakhe, kwakunye ubuciko abanamakhono neyomluki. Enye imisebenzi ngalo mxholo, yenziwe yi noLouise, yaye ubizwa - "Mama." ifomu iplastiki omkhulu, ezenziwe ngobhedu, koomofu yayo kunye nokusebenziseka zobugcisa zejometri ukubonisa ingqiqo yongxowankulu bokuhlala eseleyo harmonic.

Lo mboniso yokuqala enkulu

Ngo-2000, i-odumileyo Tate Modern Gallery eLondon wabamba mboniso yokuqala ezinkulu uLouise yongxowankulu, leyo kuthiwa "endizenzayo, ndowutshabalalisa, mna kwakhona." Ukuba le iye yathi ubukho Museum National State. Louise yaba nomkroli yokuqala, ogama bazifumene iindawo yindawo entsha zobugcisa wesimanje imisebenzi. mboniso yaba yimpumelelo enkulu, kwaye ukukhetha inkosi - ayikho ngengozi, ekubeni yongxowankulu ubuchule enkabeni yalo - an anthology yobuciko lwanamhlanje.

Lo mboniso "izakhiwo noLuiz Burzhua ukuba :. Iiseli"

Ngo-2015, i- Museum of Art Modern "Garage" thaca umboniso enkulu yongxowankulu eMoscow. Lo mboniso uzinikele eqingqiweyo kuthotho-Environnement ukuba zadalwa yi uLouise kule minyaka ingama-20 yokugqibela yobomi bakhe. It sifake imisebenzi ngaphezulu kwama-80 ngu yongxowankulu: ufakelo, imifanekiso yokuqala, imizobo kunye nemizobo okanye landulelwe yiloo imisebenzi ezintsha kumjikelo.

Luiza Burzhua, umsebenzi wakhe kulona lonke ihlabathi, waphila ubomi obude. Wafa ngenxa yesifo sentliziyo eneminyaka engama-98 e-New York, May 31, 2010.