Kwenzeka ntoni kwi kwiveki ye-12 yokukhulelwa. kwiiveki ezili-12 zokukhulelwa: ubungakanani Fetal, sex wosana, ultrasound picture

12 Iiveki abakhulelweyo - oku linqanam lokugqibela ezintathu zokuqala. Ngeli xesha iiseli ukuze sibonwe ngemicroscope, yena sele liphuhlise indoda encinane, unako ukwenza intshukumo ethile. Ekubeni eli xesha uqala kwi senyanga yesibini zokukhulelwa ngexesha apho umfazi lokuphumla neempawu ezingemnandi kwiiveki zokuqala kwaye silungiselele ezintathu uxanduva wesithathu. Ukususela kwiiveki ezili-12 zokukhulelwa, ubungakanani ezingekazalwa, besini umntwana sele kubonakala kwi ultrasound.

ekhulelwe

omama abaninzi elizayo bambuza: "Ugqirha wamnika kum kwiiveki ezili-12 zokukhulelwa Zingaphi iinyanga kuyo.?". Pregnancy ithatha iiveki ezingama-40 - iinyanga 9 eqhelekileyo okanye 10 egcwele (Obstetric). Xa inyanga eqhelekileyo iintsuku 30-31, kwaye inyanga - kucacile kweeveki ezi-4 - iintsuku 28. Oku kukulungiselela esweni uphuhliso olungekazalwa: veki nganye amagama athile parameters, nto leyo eyenza kube lula ukuba ukrokrela izitenxo incinane kuphuhliso siswini bomntwana.

Ukuba une kwiiveki ezili-12 zokukhulelwa, njengoko kule nyanga, uxelela itafile.

Xa sijonga ratio, kwiiveki ezili-12 zokukhulelwa - ziintsuku 84. Ukuba lahlulwe kwinyanga yekhalenda (iintsuku ezingama-31), oko iinyanga ezi-2 kunye neentsuku 22.

Utshintsho kwi omama emzimbeni

Xa beneeveki ezili-12 zokukhulelwa okwenzeka emzimbeni olungekazalwa kunye nonina? Ngawaphi amava amatsha kunokuba abe ngumfazi? Ukuba yokuqala umngcipheko iiveki ezimbalwa lokuyeka ngaphambi zokukhulelwa, ngoko eli amathuba kota samoaborta sakugcina. Ngumkhaya iye yasekwa, uqala ukwenza umsebenzi usana layo ukutya, kukhuthaza iimveliso pathways neprotheyini yokuqaphela lokukhulelwa. igazi flow Velocity kuwo kwandisa ku ml 600 ngomzuzu.

Hormone - hormone eziphambili yokukhulelwa - iqala ukuvelisa hayi ke luteum corpus, kunye beendawo. Ucacisa contractility kwemisipha kakuhle isibeleko, amathumbu, lwesinyi ureter. Ngoko ke, yima uhambo rhoqo lokuhlambela, kodwa kukho Izitshixo. Heartburn - uphawu, apho ezikhala umfazi kwiiveki ezili-12 zokukhulelwa. Ubungakanani ndingekazalwa, isini usana, njengoko benza ngako oomakhulu zethu, aluchaphazeli imvelaphi yale meko krakra. Yonke uchazwe ukhululeke dlala kwi sphincter phakathi kuvuleke iminxunya kunye nesisu.

iihomoni Estrogenic impahla Musa ukuyeka, bona, kakhulu, kudlala indima ebalulekileyo kuphuhliso lokukhulelwa. Xa kwiveki 12 estriol kwandisa ezande mammary, ukugcinwa cerebrospinal kunye nokwandisa inani iiprothini emzimbeni ababhinqileyo.

Imicu kwemisipha wesizalo baqhubeke bekhula zihlume, kodwa ixesha ukususela kwiiveki ezili-12 ukuya ku-20 - ingakumbi ngokuzimisela. ubukhulu wesizalo uba njengentloko usana olusanda kuzalwa, ezantsi ifikelela kwasesizalweni. Izinga lokuhamba igazi umthamo igazi emzimbeni ngenxa yeenguqu ezintsha aqalile ukwandisa.

Tshintsha imvelaphi nangokweemvakalelo oomama elizayo: liyalahleka ukudinwa, moodiness, ukudandatheka kunye ukungoneliseki rhoqo yonke into. Nge kweeveki 12 Ukuba umfazi azalwe ngokutsha, ukuphucula impilo-ntle yayo kunye nokusebenza zanda. Kulo mama elizayo uqala ukuba aphuphe amaphupha acacileyo kunye Akumangalisi ngamanye amaxesha. Oku kungenxa yokuba phezu subcortex zizinto iihomoni foetal eziqala ukuba ajikeleze ngokukhawuleza, ukongeza linyuke kakhulu ukusuka kwiiveki ezili-12 zokukhulelwa ubungakanani olungekazalwa. sex womntwana awuchaphazeli zeziphi iihomoni ngqo ziveliswa ngumkhaya.

Iihomoni kule kota

Eyenza yobuchopho lukwakhuthaza imveliso hormone okukhula, nto leyo ukusuka kwiveki 12 uqalisa ukulungiselela amalungu esini oomama ukuba umntwana wabo.

Prolactin iveliswa ukususela kwiiveki ezili-12 zokukhulelwa. ubukhulu iziqhamo kwandisa imveliso yawo; umntwana elikhulu, kokukhona isixa kwale hormone egazini. Phantsi yempembelelo unamadlala prolactin mammary iphume kwaye balungiselela ukuba iimpawu zazo eziphambili: uphuhliso umthubi kunye nobisi.

Nge kwiiveki 12 ngokunzima wavelisa cortisol - yincindi kwamadlala adrenal. Le into kunciphisa susceptibility kamama elizayo umzimba noxinzelelo kunye nefuthe kukuba iveza ngenxa yemeko ezisingqongileyo, enika ithuba athwale cwaka ukukhulelwa.

Indlela ukuba baziphathe

Imithetho yokuziphatha kweli xesha ziyafana ngexesha lonke lokukhulelwa. Bonke kufuneka iqwalaselwe ukuba balunqhele eliqhelekileyo sokukhulelwa. Xa beneeveki ezili-12 ubukhulu belly okhulelweyo ikakhulukazi kwanda, kwaye kunokwenzeka ukuba azibandakanye ngemigudu ingqondo nomzimba, kodwa ngaphandle eninzi ukusebenza, okwenza ukuba ukusebenza ngendlela eyiyo kwazo zonke iinkqubo kunye namaziko. Kuphephe ibhayikhi, ukudlala imidlalo, nto leyo sikhatshwa umzimba uyangcangcazela - nokuxhuma neentshukumo ezibukhali. Njengoko nawe sele ukuxelela ukuba izalamane ukhulelwe kwaye abaphathi, kubalulekile ukuba sizikhusele ebusuku, umsebenzi onzima ngokwasemzimbeni kunye onzima yaye wayolula ehleli computer, esebenza ukuphakama.

Exercise: ubuhle nobubi

Iiklasi akufunekile ukuba ziqale kuphela emva kothetha-thethwano kunye nogqirha wakho. Uyakwazi ukwenza yoga, imithambo kunye nezemidlalo ayidinisi. ukutya okulungileyo, umsebenzi kunye ukuphumla, umoya kunye ukuhambahamba ngaphambi kokuba balale igalelo imo elungileyo, zonke iinkqubo komzimba, kwaye sele uziva usana lwakho.

njengokungathi emitsha kweli gama

Iimpawu Basic ezingemnandi ziqala ukuba sinyamalale: buthathaka, umkhuhlane, ukozela ezi Ukuchama rhoqo yayimkhathaza ngaphantsi. Nangona kunjalo, le meko ukuba kuphuculwe, kwaye babe ndlongo ngqiqweni. mkhwa Ukutya ithe yaqukwa phandle, nenkanuko into engaqhelekanga ukutya oma. Kodwa musa nditye kwi uvuyo ukuba ukugula kusasa nokugabha yaphela, ngenxa yokuba umthwalo amalungu excretory kunye nokunyuka ekugayeni. Phantsi yempembelelo dlala lwangaphakathi, isiphumo engundoqo iyileyo - ukugcinwa ukukhulelwa kuvela nokuqunjelwa.

Xa beneeveki ezili-12 ubukhulu belly okhulelweyo ikakhulukazi banda, ingakumbi nulliparous nabafazi kunye ubunzima nomzimba omkhulu kunesiqhelo. Xa multiparous ngenxa luthambe asezantsi ulusu nemisipha esiswini uba buqapheleke. Xa ukhulelwe nesisu kunye nesayizi zesibeleko ayihambelani elithi: zingcono lee ngeveki kulindeleke ukuba ukucwangcisa ngenyanga. Yokulinganisa wedini kunye nokuphakama emi ngaphezu isibeleko ikuku sele kusenzeka utyelelo siswini. Liqala ukubonisa nombala nangakumbi inkaba kunye umgca osuka esifubeni ngomsesane yosana.

Ukusuka eli xesha kukho utshintsho kwi eluswini: inokuba irhashalala, amaqhakuva, yokuzikhwebula. Kodwa ezi meko ekwanti. Amaninzi, kuye kwasasazwa yegazi eyonyukileyo kunye iihomoni estrogenic kwi oomama umzimba kukhokelela kukuba ukubonakala ulusu kuphucula, kuba abancinane, kukho komso emehlweni akhe kunye bahlazeke ebusweni bakhe. Ejonge ngcono kunangaphambili. zibizwa-ekuthiwa Kukho ukukhanya engaphakathi - lophawu apho ukwazi malunga nokukhulelwa yakho.

ubunzima bomzimba unina mkhulu 1-2 kg - eli anyuswe eqhelekileyo. Ukusuka kweli thuba saxineka yonke ugxudululu ukhulelwa ulawulo ngokobunzima efumanise nokudumba efihliweyo kwangoko.

Umama okhulelweyo uqala ku va pulsation le aorta ukuba ngempazamo ikuthatha iintshukumo Palsy. Nge kwiiveki 12 iqala ukukhula amabele, zinesangqa peripapillary neengono lilifu, umfazi uziva ukuluma kancinane nokuthantamisa ngexesha elinye kunye nokubaluleka ngemeko yabo.

Uphuhliso wosana

onke amalungu zangaphakathi umntwana imiswe ngeli thuba. Xa beneeveki ezili-12 zokukhulelwa, ubukhulu kunye nobunzima ezingekazalwa liye landa phantse 2 amaxesha. Yena sele uyalinganisa 14-15 grams, ukukhula kwayo - phantse-10 cm. Le ndoda elincane iingalo kunye nemilenze. Baby buso amehlo ngeenkophe, umlomo, impumlo, iminwe kwakheka kwi lezikhonkwane, iziqalelo zokuqala izihlunu. Iindlebe nosana sele ikhona. Umntwana kungavula uze uvale nemihlathi, imilenze wiggling iminwe, zobuso, wazamla, ukuvulwa nokuvalwa amehlo akhe, yenza baginye iintshukumo. Ubuchopho iqalisa ezahlulwe zifaka ezimbini, zonke izakhiwo zakhe esiyiyo, kukho ingqondo. Inhliziyo iqala emana enkqonkqoza ngesantya ibetha 160-165 ngomzuzu. Yethumbu lithathe indawo yayo abaqhelekileyo kwi kwisisu, isibindi uvelisa enyongweni kakade. iiseli Igazi erythrocytes lufumaneka kwabo leukocytes. Oku kwenzeka ekukhuleni ekomelezeni bone kunye kwezihlunu. La makhwenkwe avelise testosterone, kunye lengqula ndlala ivelisa iihomoni. Iqala ukusebenza kwamajoni omzimba.

Xa beneeveki ezili-12 zokukhulelwa ifoto olungekazalwa iza kukubonisa indlela usana likhule. Lo mfanekiso wokuqala umntwana.

Ivela kweli xesha iqala iinguqulelo ezininzi umdla kwaye Akumangalisi: usana lukhula ngamandla, imisebenzi onke amalungu ayo ziyaphuculwa ukuze ke emva kokuzalwa ngokukhawuleza acclimate kokusingqongileyo entsha ngaphandle esiswini. Xa beneeveki ezili-12 zokukhulelwa olungekazalwa kwi umfanekiso ultrasound ikubonisa umntwana oye wakhula kakhulu ukususela ngomzuzu wokukhulelwa.

Lithini i US

izifundo ezifunekayo kwiiveki ezili-12 zokukhulelwa - ultrasound ezingekazalwa kunye nokuzimisela labamakishiyo serum.

Uviwo ultrasound lwenziwa ukuze ubone:

• uphuhliso ndingekazalwa, ngokulandelelanayo ngokoMthetho;

• umsebenzi isingqisho intliziyo ukubala inani zisaphila;

• imeko ngumkhaya;

• ukuba olungekazalwa yesibini kwimeko amawele;

• iimpawu mgaqweni chromosomal okanye malformations;

• Ubume myometrium: ubukho ezalathelwe uphuhliso okanye ehleliyo kunye nesisongelo kophazamiseko;

• amanye amalungu zangasese ukuchonga iinkqubo zophendlo lwezifo.

US kule thuba enokwenziwa kwaye woluvo kusisi yesiqhelo kwaye inceda kuqikelela ngexesha kwiiveki ezili-12 zokukhulelwa ubungakanani ndingekazalwa, sex wosana, linganisa zonke izalathisi eziphambili. Indawo Kubalulekile: ukuba amisele umhla ngqo yonikezelo. Xa beneeveki ezili-12 zokukhulelwa ultrasound mfanekiso uya kukubonisa na intsholongwane, kwaye sele indoda encinane.

Qiniseka ukulinganisa ubungakanani mbungu Parietal-coccygeal - umgama ukusuka coccyx ukuya elukakayini ngalo mzuzu lolwandiso liphezulu usana. Le wemilinganiso kwenziwa moya sagittal ukuba yahlula umzimba kubini ezimbini ngokulinganayo.

Ultrasound nje kuphela kuyimfuneko ukuze kube nokugqitywa besini wosana. Nangona eli gama phambi izixhobo zale mihla kwaye kunokwenzeka. lobudoda benkwenkwe leyo ikhangeleka ngathi arrowhead, umthondo amantombazana - ngokohlobo ubumba ezimbini.

Abantu abaninzi bafuna ukwazi kwiiveki ezili-12 zokukhulelwa zosana ngesondo injongo ukulungiselela ekuzalweni: ukuthenga kuyimfuneko impahla umbala lomntu, ukuba balungiselele, unyana okanye intombi omdala indlela ukuzalwa wakowenu ongaphantsi kuwe.

Ukuze oogqirha zoviwo ultrasound kuyimfuneko ukuba ukubona malformations foetal okanye ukungaqheleki chromosomal. Ukuze wenze oku, ukulinganisa Translations nuchal. Ngokwesiqhelo eli nani - hayi ngaphezulu kwe 2.5 mm. Ukuba Ebubanzini - 3 mm okanye ngaphezulu, kubonisa Down syndrome, Edwards, Turner, Patau kunye nezinye ukungaqheleki chromosomal.

umaki Good kukuqinisekisa ubude ithambo ngeempumlo yosana olungekazalwa. Eli nani, ukuba oko 2 mm okanye ngaphezulu, ngo-50-80% yamatyala, ebonisa Down syndrome.

Xa beneeveki ezili-12 zokukhulelwa ultrasound ungabonisa futhi malformations ezinjalo: anencephaly - nokungabikho zifaka Palsy acrania - akukho amathambo ukhakhayi, ectopia wentliziyo - wamonayo isikhundla sakhe, Ithemba yosana, esiswini udonga siphene, amawele edidekile, gcwalisa ibloko atrioventricular, xa zobomi akunakwenzeka, esinganyangekiyo limfaginoma intamo eludongeni esiswini nasiphako kunye nabanye.

Malunga imikhuba abazali kufuneka baziswe ukuba senze ukhetho esixhasa ukwandiswa ngakumbi ekhulelwe okanye ziphazamise ngayo. Ngeli xesha, isisu kunokwenzeka nangoku ukuphumeza ngaphandle iingxaki ezinkulu kulo mfazi.

isifundo ayisosinyanzelo kwaye sithanda

Ukuze ubone zonke izinto ezimbi abakhulelweyo kwenziwa uhlalutyo igazi malunga nokuqulunqwa ubungakanani amakishayo serum igazi koomama: ezamahala enganeno β - hCG kunye placental protein, ezinxulumene ukukhulelwa (PAPP-A). Ultrasound ngokusebenzisana kolu phando kuthiwa indlela yokuvavanya, nto leyo a uxilongo lokugqibela, kwaye ibandakanya kuphela uphuhliso umntwana angahlangani chromosomal.

ukuxilongwa zingenziwa emva invasive iindlela kwangaphambi diagnostic. Kweli binzana ukuqhuba biopsy chorionic. Musa ukoyika yale nkqubo. Ngelo xesha langoku kubhaliwe lwenziwa phantsi kwesikhokelo ultrasound, kwaye umngcipheko iingxaki kuncitshiswe.

Ezinye iikliniki zibanjwa ngaphandle kwezinye izifundo ultrasound sonographic. Xa isicelo sakho ungenza kwiiveki ezili-12 zokukhulelwa kunye ultrasound 3D photo. Kwi inkwenkwe okanye intombazana kodwa esi sifundo ukuze ubonise iziphumo ukungathembeki. Khangela ngokuchanileyo ukufumana besini umntwana banokuba kwiiveki 18-20 ngexesha yesibini ultrasound zokuhlola.

Ngaphandle iimvavanyo umchamo esisinyanzelo kunye igazi akukho negcushuwa, HIV, hepatitis, wentsholongwane egazini kunye nosulelo amagciwane.

Iimpawu ukuba uqaphele

Kufuneka wazi iimpawu ingozi enokuthi yenzeke xa kwiiveki ezili-12 zokukhulelwa. Kwenzeka ntoni ukuba umntwana xa ngesiquphe iqala limele esiswini okanye zibonakale lula?

Xa intlungu osesiswini yendalo eyahlukileyo kufuneka ngoko nangoko ubize inqwelo yezigulana okanye yiya kwi ugqirha. Isizathu sokuba kwezi iintlungu kakhulu - nokoyikiswa ekuphelisweni kwiiveki ezili-12 zokukhulelwa. Amafoto zibonisa US ithoni isibeleko, maxa wambi deformation kunye abruption placental. Kodwa ngamanye amaxesha iintlungu sinxulumana nokukhulelwa. It appendicitis, lumbago, flatulence, usulelo ukutya, yokulunywa sezintso, zesibeleko lungu umthwalo kunye nezinye izixhobo.

Ukususela iphecana obuni ngombala owahlukileyo kunye nomthamo - luphawu efuna esibhedlele ngokukhawuleza kwisebe G. Oku kubonisa njengebutho ngumkhaya, kunye isisu. Xa beneeveki ezili-12 zokukhulelwa photos ultrasound zibonisa indawo ngqo kunye nobukhulu kwecala. Kuba unyango lwe iimpawu ithuba elicacisiweyo ifuna kulondoloza unyango olunzulu.