Kuku Sebsebie - it ... etymology, intsingiselo yokuhlela. Uninzi beacons okuyimfihlakalo uxolo

Kusenokwenzeka ukuba wonke lo mhlaba uyiqhelile Lighthouse saseAleksandriya. Yakhelwe kule BC ngenkulungwane yesithathu kukuthi, namhlanje eyaziwa ngokuba yenye yezinto ezisixhenxe ezimangalisayo ehlabathini. Nditsho ke, yayakhiwe injongo ethile: kwanceda le Oomatiloshe ukuya ngokukhuselekileyo coral, nto leyo inani elikhulu nazo endleleni eya Alexandria bay. Emva kwemini iinqanawa bancedisa kule kholam yomsi, yaye ebusuku - usisithunzi umlilo. Indlela ukuba ukhethe indawo ukwakhiwa kwale iinqanawa? Xa ezi zakhiwo bandile? Baphi ngakwiibhakana ezininzi eyimfihlakalo zehlabathi? Yaye wenza ntoni igama elithi "lighthouse"? Iimpendulo zale mibuzo kunye inkangeleko abaninzi ngezantsi!

Lighthouse: Ixabiso kwisichazi magama etymological

Iingcali zeelwimi zithi esineengcambu igama Proto-Slavic. "Ma'ak" yaba isiseko igama Russian "mayak" Endala, leyo iguqulelwe ngeendlela mihla Russian "uphawu" okanye "umqondiso". Ukongeza, ma'ak - Polish basis majak, elithetha "a isanga, yafakwa." "Lighthouse" nenkcubeko kunye Indiya yakudala, New Persian kunye namagama Ossetian inguqulelo for "mfumba".

Lighthouse: intsingiselo namhlanje

Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, ngakwiibhakana kusinceda ukuba uhlobo Tower yokukhangela. Ezi zithinteli ezisisigxina zimi kunxweme imizimba omkhulu wamanzi kwaye uququzelelo ngqo eendawo.

Ngo-magama ecacisiweyo unalo "esiphezu". Intsingiselo - "inqaba, baxhotyiswa kunye abanikayo, ibekwe phezu eselunxwemeni lolwandle."

Ngokutsho iibhikhoni njongo zohlulwa ngokwendidi ezininzi:

- Port. La maziko zibekwe emnyango kwizibuko.

- Predosteregatelnye. Ezi zixhobo imikhumbi ukubona iindawo liyingozi fairway.

- zokwalatha. Eyona njongo yawo engundoqo - ukuvumela oomatiloshe ukujonga ukuchaneka kwekhosi anokuthi isitya. Ezi zixhobo bakutshelwe ibekwe ngqo kwi enzonzobileni - kule shallows okanye namatye. Amaxesha amaninzi, njengoko njengesiseko ngokudala ezinde endaweni ngumntu.

Beacon ngaphakathi nangaphandle

A emhlophe ukupeyinta awayedla iinqanawa. Kukho izakhiwo imivumbo tyaba emnyama okanye obomvu. Yakha iinqanawa eluhlobo kweenqaba ezinde. Eyona nkalo iphambili yezi iinqaba kukuba ubukhulu onomtsalane amatye aqingqiweyo apho zibekwa, kukho ubunzima phantse monolithic. Yenziwe le umphumo ukuya priteske umgangatho siyabulela.

Ukuba iinqanawa ubonakala ngokucacileyo nokuba sisaqhwithi, lixhotyiswe umthombo wokukhanya onamandla. I indawo umgcini ngokuqhelekileyo eyakhelwe ecaleni kwenqaba engundoqo, ukuba kubekwe elunxwemeni. Kodwa ukuba iinqanawa ise phakathi kolwandle, isithuba umgcini ukukhanya eziququzelelwe ngqo kwi enqabeni ophilileyo. Ngoko nangoko ibekwe izitora, amatanki amanzi.

nezici lokuhambisa

Ukuze ehanjiswe iqela owayenokugqiba ekubeni yeyiphi icala inqanawa besiya lighthouse, ezinye izibane imibala-bala, eziquka amaqela aliqela lombala ethile. Ezi bands zibizwa ngokuba "uphawu day". Ebusuku, lo msebenzi wenziwa zizibane candelo. icandelo White omlilo, uchongwe le lighthouse, na sektr ekhuselekileyo. Ekhohlo kwicandelo yokhuseleko nga kutyunjwe ebomvu umlilo, yaye tye - oluhlaza.

iinyani ezinika umdla malunga iinqanawa

Lighthouse endala - esiphezu, elise eSpeyin. Ku yakhiwa waseRoma umlawuli uTrajan ngenkulungwane yesibini! A Statue of Liberty iminyaka elishumi elinesithandathu yayisetyenziswa njengendlela navigation. I lighthouse ilitye lokuqala, nto leyo ifumaneka eNgilani, yakhiwa ngo-1756. Wacaphula oomatiloshe ngendlela ngoncedo amakhandlela 24. Amandla iinqaba namhlanje navigation - candlepower ngaphezu kwezigidi mabini!

Hi ndlela leyi, kukho nkqu ukusebenza ecaweni-lighthouse. Le Church of ukwenyuka. Owakhiwa ngayo ngo-1862 kwi-Big Solovetsky Island. Kwaye ke iinqanawa liphezulu ehlabathini - Tower intsimbi elise Yokohama. ukuphakama kwayo kweemitha ngaphezulu kwe-100. Nangona ngakwiibhakana ziye zaziwa ukususela kumaxesha amandulo, ukuya French ngenkulungwane elinesixhenxe, iimiba ugu zabo besebenzisa izibane. Ukunqongophala iibhikhoni yaba ukuthintela ukuhlaselwa Pirate.

beacons emimoya

Kwihlabathi kukho ezininzi iinqaba lighthouse ishiywe ngaphambili wakhonza nezikhokelo ukuba abalobi. Bakha lukhulu lwamabali eyimfihlakalo yaye kungakholeleki.

Mhlawumbi Lighthouse kakhulu qembu - yi Eylin Mor. Embindini ka Disemba 1900 apha phantsi kweemeko angaqondakali ezilahlekileyo abanakekeli nje ezintathu! Aye oomatiloshe lighthouse ifumaneka kuphela iibhokisi ezingenanto, ezibe iimveliso ngaphambili. Isango ekhokelela inqaba, zivalwe ngokukhuselekileyo. Xa ngaphakathi, oomatiloshe bamangaliswa; abagcini zaye ayinakolulwa ebhedini, idesika - ngamahla ndinyuka. njengeebhatyi umgcini ukukhanya baba apha. Noko ke, inkoliso baselwandle wambetha into ilandelayo: iintolo ndiwuzolise zonke iwotshi ise inqaba, ebonisa ixesha elifanayo. Le mfihlelo ihlala engekasonjululwa unanamhla.

Kukho iinqanawa ehlabathini, ithwele abantu iingxaki emzimbeni. Le ise-UK. Talakre lighthouse kwayekwa kwinkulungwane yeshumi elinesithoba kade, kodwa neendwendwe zawo namhlanje ezikhala iimpawu zizifo ezahlukahlukeneyo ezithe zenzeka emva ukutyelela isakhiwo. Imbali kwi iinqanawa ufunda omnye kubagcini wakhe wafa emsebenzini. Isizathu waba nomkhuhlane. Ezinye iindwendwe bathi: umgcini ukukhanya endala ngohlobo belinde phezu kwenqaba namhlanje. Abantu badla ukubona ghost yakhe, nto leyo ixabisa phezulu, lo uhamba ekufutshane.

Eyona kubiza kwimbali-United States of America osentabeni - esiphezu, eyakhelwe ulwalwa of St George. On ekwakhiweni kwayo wathabatha engaphezu kweshumi. Noko ke, abo banqwenela ukusebenza apha phantse akukho - isiqithi apho sibekwe khona, kuba kumgama elingeneyo impucuko, le ndawo uhlala nokugubha. Kukho isini asebenza rangers ezintlanu, oku wavumela abantu ukuba hambana-hambana. Noko ke, ngo-1923, ezintlanu umgcini ukukhanya zihlanjiwe wave elikhulu. Ukususela ngoko, zange alumeke ukukhanya kwi iinqanawa.