Koh Robert: A Biography. Genrih German Robert Goch - kaNobel e Physiology okanye Medicine

Genrih German Robert Goch - ugqirha German adumileyo kunye ezinto eziphilayo, Nobel Prize umsunguli ngeebhakther mihla lwezifo zezilwanyana. Wayengomnye izazinzulu baziincamisa zenkulungwane yamashumi amabini nje kuphela eJamani kodwa ehlabathini lonke. A lot of impumelelo ekulweni nezifo පිළිතුරු iimpendulo de izifundo zakhe asikuko nokuba kuyabulala, waba push elibukhali amayeza. Yena ayiphelelanga ekufundweni kwenye indawo yobungcali, akazange kunqumama lekhefu ukuya isifo esinye. Bonke ubomi bakhe watyhila iimfihlelo izifo eziyingozi kakhulu. Esebenzisa impumelelo zakhe ziye zasindisa isixa okukhulu ubomi babantu, yaye le ingqalelo ngokwenene ukuba sisazinzulu.

impumelelo enkulu

Herman Goch waba ukubhala angaphandle kuba St Petersburg Academy of Sciences kunye neminye imibutho emininzi. Ebhankini kwiSabi bokuphumelela kwakhe kukho iincwadi ezininzi kwizifo ezosulelayo kunye yokulwa kubo. Wahamba zihlalutywe unxulumano ngqo phakathi sifo kunye ezincane. Omnye eziphambili ezifunyaniswe zakhe - ufumene i-arhente causative sephepha. Nguye lo nzulu lokuqala wayekwazi ukungqina ukukwazi ukwenza imbewu anthrax. Study of izifo ezininzi bazisa Scientist vsmirnuyu uzuko. Ngo-1905, isiJamani Koh bawongwa ngeMbasa kaNobel impumelelo yakhe. Ukongeza, omnye abantu kuqala kwi ukhathalelo lwempilo waseJamani.

ebuntwaneni

Ikamva hlabathi nzulu esidumileyo wazalelwa Clausthal-Zellerfeld ngo-1843. inkwenkwe lweMfundo yaBantwana aBasaqalayo - naturalist young - badlula kulula ayathandeka. Abazali bakhe bengenanto yakwenza inzululwazi, noyise wakhe babesebenza emigodini, nonina ejonge abantwana, abo baba lishumi, Koh uRobert yesithathu. Waqala ekuseni kakhulu ukuba nomdla ehlabathini ngaphandle, utatomkhulu wakhe sele umdla omkhulu iye buoyed kunye nomyeni wakhe, nabo anomdla kwindalo. Njengokuba umntwana, wabeka kunye ingqokelela izinambuzane, ubulembu kunye ulele. Ngowe-1848 yena ababhaliswe esikolweni. Ngokungafaniyo abaninzi abantwana sele ekwazi ukufunda nokubhala, yayikwazi kunene. Kungekudala emva koko, wada wakwazi ukuya esikolweni, apho ekugqibeleni waba umfundi ilungileyo.

eyunivesithi

Emva kokuphumelela kwisikolo samabanga aphakamileyo,-nzulu elizayo wangena yodumo University of Göttingen, apho kuqala wafunda zenzululwazi zendalo, waza waqalisa ukufunda amayeza. Le yenye kwiiyunivesithi baseJamani, leyo mpumelelo odumileyo yenzululwazi abafundi. Ngowe-1866, Koh Robert wafumana isidanga zonyango. A indima ebaluleke kakhulu kuphuhliso umdla kootitshala amayeza kunye neyunivesithi uphando wadlala Goch, ukususela ekuqaleni azama ukubethelela ulwazi lwabafundi uqeqesho 'ukuthanda nje kuphela amayeza, kodwa inzululwazi.

umsebenzi Early

Konyaka emva kokuphumelela, Goch watshata, wazala intombi kulo mtshato. Kweli xesha yokuqala umsebenzi wakhe, Goch wayefuna ukuba imfazwe okanye kugqirha wenqanawa, kodwa oku kwenzeke zange thaca kuye. Goch nentsapho yakhe bafudukela e Rackwitz, apho waqalisa ukusebenza esibhedlele ngenxa ngamageza. isiqalo esilusizi amakhondo omsebenzi, kodwa kwaba nje njengesiqalo, enyanisweni ukuzalwa-nzulu enkulu. Abasebenzi abane nesikhazimlayo wakuthanda oogqirha zasekuhlaleni. ngokukhawuleza kakhulu, kulula njengento oncedisayo, uye wazuza ukuzithemba waba ngugqirha. Ngoko ke waqalisa umsebenzi wakhe, uRobert Goch. Biography ibonisa ukuba uye wasebenza iminyaka emithathu kuphela ukususela kokuqhambuka Franco-Prussia War, kwaye kwafuneka ukuba aye phambili njengoko ngugqirha entsimini.

impi

Koh Robert phambili waphuma ngokuqhutywa yintliziyo, nangona kwamehlo akhe oneengxaki ngokukhawuleza. Ebudeni bemfazwe wakwazi ukufumana amava imasikizi kweli unyango lwezifo ezosulelayo. Waphilisa abantu abaninzi ikholera kunye icesina, ezibe eqhelekileyo kakhulu ngexesha lemfazwe. Ezili ngaphambili Goch nabo bafunda iintsholongwane ezinkulu kwakunye nezityalo ngemicroscope, nto leyo zokupasa ebalulekileyo kuye micrographs kunye uphuhliso lwezenzululwazi.

anthrax

Emva kwamabutho, Goch nentsapho yakhe bafudukela Wohlstein (Wolsztyn okwangoku, Poland), apho wafika wasebenza nje nogutyulo elula. Emva kokuba umfazi wakhe wamnika ngemicroscope lwakhe lokuzalwa, wayeka ishishini labucala kunye watshintshela ukuba uphando. Lonke ixesha wachitha neemicroscope, iiyure ezininzi emini nasebusuku.

Kungekudala waqaphela ukuba eninzi lezilwanyana kummandla ezigulayo anthrax. Esi sifo sihlasela ikakhulu iinkomo. abantu abagulayo baphethwe ziingxaki umphunga, iindawo nkovu, kunye abengezelayo. Ngokuba amalinge akhe, Goch yaphosa inani elikhulu yeempuku ukuba anthrax yatyhilwa kuye iimfihlelo zabo. Xa isipho umfazi wakhe ukunceda wakwazi ukuba anikezele wand elahlukileyo iba izigidi ngohlobo lwazo.

ukufunda izinti

Kangangethuba elide ukuba sisazinzulu zange ayeke sifunisela, wangqina ukuba eletha lungunobangela kuphela anthrax. ayikwazanga kwakhona ukungqina ukuba ukwabiwa esi sifo ngamazinga kunye umjikelo wobomi iintsholongwane ezininzi. Yeyona umsebenzi Goch wabonisa ukuba anthrax ibangwa igciwane, phambi imvelaphi esi sifo yaziwe abambalwa kakhulu. Kwiminyaka 1877-1878 zezazinzulu isiJamani - Robert Goch, ngoncedo oogxa bakhe - lapapasha amanqaku ezininzi malinikelwe kulo ngxaki. Ukongeza, wabhala inqaku malunga iindlela ezisetyenziswa kwizifundo zaselebhu yakhe.

Ngoko nangoko emva kokupapashwa imisebenzi yakhe Goch waba umphengululi adumileyo elundini kwakukho Prize Nobel amayeza. Kwiminyaka embalwa kamva wapapasha omnye umsebenzi ngokulinywa eziphilayo zosasazo eziqinileyo, iye yaba ngokunzulu indlela entsha kunye idabi ebalulekileyo ekufundeni kwihlabathi iintsholongwane.

Goch and Pasteur

izazinzulu German ziye zakhuphisana khona, kodwa eJamani, Goch akalingani, Pasteur yaba brilliant French Scientist eziphilayo, kunye Goch ukubeka umsebenzi wakhe umbuzo. Goch ngisho nangaphambi nophononongo, Umhlaziyi phandle izifundo Pasteur anthrax. iminyaka eliqela ilandelelana, oosonzululwazi ukuba kufikelelwe kwisigqibo, ke, akuchasa bobabini buqu kunye nomsebenzi wabo.

tuberculosis

Emva izifundo ngempumelelo kwethumba eSiberia Goch wagqiba ukufunda isifo sephepha. Yaba udaba embi kakhulu, ngenxa yokuba ngoko wonke ummi wesixhenxe ka iJamani ababulawa sesi sifo. Izazinzulu, kaNobel, nje oogqirha shrugged, becinga ukuba isifo sephepha ilifa kwaye akunakwenzeka ukujamelana nayo. Unyango ngelo xesha yayiquka umthambo ngaphandle kunye nesondlo esifanelekileyo.

Isifundo lwesifo sephepha

ngokukhawuleza kakhulu Goch baphumelele eningenakukholwa kwi sifundo lwesifo sephepha. Wathabatha ukusuka nyama ukuba uphando, nto leyo intle kwaye kudala ancinwe ngemicroscope ukufumanisa ngokwenene yintoni unobangela sifo. Kungekudala waqaphela iintonga abanamava inkcubeko esiphakathi ezihagwini Guinea. Zanda ngokukhawuleza kwaye ayixhelele yenethiwekhi. Yaba idabi amazing in eziphilayo. Ngowe-1882 Goch wapapasha umsebenzi wakhe kulo mbandela. I-Nobel Prize iba ngakumbi.

Isifundo zesifo sotyatyazo

Goch ayikwazanga ukugqiba izifundo zabo, ade ase ekupheleni, phezu imiyalelo zikarhulumente, waya eYiputa India ekulweni isifo sorhudo. Emva kwelinye ithuba yophando elide isazinzulu bakwazi ukumisela leentsholongwane ebangela izifo. Ebonakalayo ezifunyaniswe olwaluthwele Koh Robert, baba idabi ngokwenene amayeza. Wamiselwa umntu ophetheyo, ekugqibeni iindlela zokujongana kunye nezinye izifo ezininzi ezosulelayo.

Oonjingalwazi kunye nophando entsha sisifo sephepha

Ngowe-1885 Goch wamiselwa unjingalwazi kwiYunivesithi Berlin. Ukongeza, wamiselwa uMlawuli we-Institute of Diseases Infectious. Ekubuyeleni ekhaya ukusuka eIndiya, waphinda wathatha isifundo lwesifo sephepha kwaye eye waphumelela gqitha. Kwiminyaka emihlanu kamva, ngowe-1890, Goch isaziso sokuba uyifumene indlela ukunyanga esi sifo. Wakwazi ukufumana into ekuthiwa tuberculin (inegciwane TB uvelisa oko), kodwa impumelelo enkulu ichiza andiyizisanga kuwe. Wandulula uxabane kwaye yingozi kwizigulane. Nangona emva kwexesha elithile kuye kwaphawulwa ukuba ngokusebenzisa tuberculin nako ukufumanisa isifo sephepha, yaba ubhaqo ibalulekileyo, nto leyo yahlola zomzimba namayeza. I-Nobel Prize yanikezelwa Goch ngo-1905. Kwintetho yakhe, ISAZINZULU wathi oku kuphela amanyathelo okuqala, kodwa kubaluleke kakhulu ekulweni isifo sephepha.

bamxolele

I-Nobel Prize akazange impumelelo kuphela sisazinzulu. Yena wawongwa iMbasa sokuzimisela, nto leyo eye ekhutshwe urhulumente waseJamani. Ukongeza, njengamanye laureates ezininzi Nobel, Goch wafumana ubugqirha yekhethelo, yaba lilungu ezininzi ngenzululwazi. Kunyaka ngaphambi kokufumana Nobel Prize Goch washiya isikhundla sakhe kwi-Institute of Diseases Infectious.

Ngowe-1893, Goch nahlukana kunye nomfazi wakhe, waza watshata ongumdlali oselula.

Ngowe-1906, wayiqhubela i uhambo eAfrika, ezijolise ekulweni isifo yokulala.

Wafa sisazinzulu ezaziwayo-kakuhle e Baden-Baden ngo-1910 ngenxa yesifo sentliziyo.

Enye yimingxuma luye ogama lakhe behlonipha yakhe 1970.

iziphumo

Goch wayengusosayensi oyinyaniso, yena wayemthanda umsebenzi wakhe kwaye ngokwenza oko nakuba zonke iingxaki kunye neengozi. Emva kokuphumelela amayeza, wabheka ukuya kwindlela yophando kwezifo ezosulelayo, yaye, ngokwendlela impumelelo yayo enkulu, wakwenza oko ngesizathu. Ukuba uthe wayenza kuphela practice ngasese, ange zange bakwazi ukwenza izinto ezifunyaniswe ezininzi kangaka ze usindise ubomi ezininzi. Oku ngobomi omkhulu umntu omkhulu lowo wabeka ubomi bakhe phezu kwesibingelelo yenzululwazi. Wakwazi ukwenza oko akwenzeki ukuba nabani na, yaye kuphela ukusebenza nzima nenkolelo nolwazi wamnceda kule ndlela enzima, indlela lolwazi iimfihlelo omzimba womntu.