Izimbo zolwimi Russian. Inkcubeko yokukhuluma nesimbo

A yesebe isayensi ufunda iindlela zolwimi Russian, kuthiwa isimbo. Stylistics - isiyalo iilwimi ejongene shtudirovaniem indlela yokuthetha yokuthetha kunye nokufunda umsebenzi imithetho yolwimi, ukuba ukusetyenziswa kakhulu ezicacileyo kunye kuyimfuneko yeencindi sixhomekeke ngqo kwi imeko, intsingiselo, unxulumano kunye nemeko ethile. Ungakhetha nenguqulelo zilandelayo: ULwimi Stylistics (yakuthobela isifundo yeziveliso zayo), isimbo sokuthetha (uchaza inkqubo yetekisi besekhaya sisimbo ethile), kunye nesimbo yesicatshulwa. Latest kukhupho yolwimi Odintsov. Yena uhlola indlela zingqamene indlela yokwakha iitekisi imisebenzi lwemeko, kubonisa kanye oko kufuneka ukhethe ulwimi kuthetha ukwenza uhlobo impahla ethile, kwakunye nokusetyenziswa kwezi mali kwiimeko ezahlukeneyo zokunxibelelana.

Ingxaki engundoqo kwicandelo "izimbo intetho ulwimi Russian" ekunokuthiwa imfundiso eqhelekileyo. It is a uhlobo sample (lungelelanisa, upelo, phonetic, waphololoza, lwesemantiki, ingqiqo, morphological, iziphumlisi, phraseological, zesimbo, Ukuveliswa, njalo-njalo), ngaphandle apho qualitative uvavanyo kwakungayi kuba yimpumelelo. Kukho icandelo aqhelekileyo malunga nemigangatho ngokolwimi okuloba. Ulwimi nokuhlola ukhetho olufanelekileyo kunye nokusetyenziswa kwemithombo ulwimi uqobo. A okuloba umisela ukuba ukhethe indlela Uyacetyiswa omnye okanye olunye uhlobo, amacandelo, iiyunithi ngokunxulumene imeko bakhe boqhagamshelwano.

Umzekelo: ibinzana elithi "ukwakha njengeshedi" ngokwemigaqo nemimiselo kweelwimi elivumelana izimiso, njengoko xa ngokubhala na iimpazamo kungavunyelwa kweli nqanaba. Kodwa ukusuka kwindawo Ngenxa indibanisela style azamkeleki - umqondiso "akhe" libhekisela style ephakamileyo (art), yaye igama "barn" - ummandla incoko, njengoko ezahlukeneyo izimbo uhlobo lolwimi Russian. Oko kuchasene Ngokudibanisa le norm zobugcisa.

Ngoko ke, sinako ukuchonga izimbo ezinjalo ulwimi mihla Russian :

• style bokubeka intetho;
• esezantsi;
• umphandi;
• amaphephandaba journalistic;
• ulwimi ishishini.

Zonke izimbo zolwimi Russian banezimvo zabo, unique kuye trailblazing, imiba formative kunye neempawu iindlela ezivumelana ezibabeka ukuba indlela eziqhelekileyo yombutho yokuthetha kunye nokusebenza itekisi ethile.

Umzekelo, zenzululwazi uhlobo iinxa zonke iimpawu, logic, nentetho equkayo, umbutho, ukufana olungqongqo compositional, efanayo - on inyathelo zobugcisa (ukususela njongo ephambili - transfer yenkcazelo yesayensi); kodwa kwinqanaba iindlela zolwimi - Umgaqo nemetaforichnosti, kukho inani elikhulu amagama, izibizo abstract, uyilo analytical, isantya igalelo ezintsonkothileyo. intetho Business sachaza standartizovannostyu combinability eliqingqiweyo mazwi, kuba yindibaniselwano, kunyanzelekile, imimiselo ukuthotyelwa esesikweni.

Newspaper nesimbo journalistic yenzelwe ukugqithisa, adlulisele inkcazelo efanelekileyo ekuhlaleni. It ukuba ibinzana elithile, okunomnyinyivane ukujongwa ekudluliseni leefekthi njongo.

Ezona mpawu ziphambili zale Indies - ingxoxo yababini, phumla, amabinzana ngakanye, nesithukuthezi, imizwa, izivakalisi ezingaphelelanga, kukho inani elikhulu lezicelo, spontaneity, ukunciphisa isabelo iindawo ezibalulekileyo zentetho kunye ubukho bamasuntswana, Ukusebenzisa iindidi zesigama, iifom ehambelanayo wayenexesha (ngenxa yokuba ulwimi lomlomo), umyalelo akhethekileyo amagama . Art elinelungelo nokuba ashukuxe besaphula nezithethe zolwimi, ukuba kuya kuba onemfundo zizizathu. ukusebenza kuyo - yokomfuziselo novakalelo iindlela, archaisms, lwaso, neologisms, ukusetyenziswa kwezi tropes (izafobe, uthelekiso, izichazi, ubaxo, sokuzenza).

Ezi iindlela eziphambili ulwimi Russian kunye nenkcazo emfutshane nganye.