Izifo egazini

Acute amagciwane ngokuphefumla - iqela elikhulu izifo ukuba zombini morphologically kwaye ngokwezonyango efanayo omnye komnye. Balala isifo yokukrala isixokelelwano sokuphefumla, njengoko iintsholongwane pneumotropic. I-phinda olu hlobo sifo wentsholongwane egazini ehlasela uluntu kuxhomekeke kwixesha lonyaka, uyandiswa ngamandla kwithuba ekwindla-ebusika. Noko ke, ukuba ajikeleze rhoqo, nkqu ngexesha non-ezisoloko zikho kule inani labantu.

Ezi iintsholongwane bohlulwa babe ngamaqela amabini: i-RNA-equlathe (parainfluenza, umkhuhlane, nokuphefumla syncytial ntsholongwane) kunye DNA-equlethe (adenoviruses). Xa umzimba womntu njengoko abanye abantu bawe phakathi emoyeni transmission endleleni. Phakathi kwazo zonke SARS kubaluleke kakhulu kwimpilo yabantu ngu ifuthe lazo umzimba abe usulelo adenoviral, kwaye umkhuhlane kunye parainfluenza.

Umkhuhlane - yayiyazi zemiphunga igciwane lohlobo, nto leyo ezibangelwa ngamagciwane influenza. Kuphela umntu ogulayo siyasulela kwabanye. iintsuku ezimbini okanye ezine ke okuthatha. Uphawu lokuqala kwezonyango abaqala sifo tracheitis, angazibandakanya emva kwemigudu oyingozi. Intsholongwane yomkhuhlane unalo ziphumo zilandelayo kwi umzimba:

- ukusebenza immunosuppressive,

- inhibition yomsebenzi neutrophil (phagocytosis elinganeno), ziiphagocytes monocytic (ukunciphisa phagocytosis kunye chemotaxis) inkqubo omzimba ngokubanzi (ekuphuhliseni nokwaliwa kuvela izakhiwo eziyityhefu omzimba);

- ukusebenza cytopathic kwi epithelium kwe uqhoqhoqho kunye bronchi (kwenzeka muscular, necrosis kunye desquamation);

- imiphumela vazopaticheskoe (plasma- kunye haemorrhages, stasis).

Isiphumo immunosuppressive zentsholongwane kunye vazopaticheskoe kuchaphazela Ukuvuma usulelo eziziisekondari. Le ndawo (inyumoniya, nokuthimliswa, tracheitis, pharyngitis, iphika) kunye ngokubanzi (ukuphazamiseka dyscirculatory, nangokurhala, ukonakala kwazo parenchymal cells) utshintsho ezibangela izifo wentsholongwane egazini.

Ayisoloko ekuphunyezweni yintsholongwane kuphuhliso inkqubo ahlekise esosulelayo. Kwakhona uhlobo kunokwenzeka efukamileyo (nazimpawu) kunye ezingapheliyo zesi sifo, leyo ineziphumo kakhulu, ingakumbi zokugula osana.

Ukuba uye ube sibi flu, kufuneka elihle luze luphele emva kweentsuku ezintlanu okanye ezintandathu recovery epheleleyo kunye nokubuyiselwa le yangaphakathi.

Ukuba umkhuhlane sandla ngcathu, kwinkqubo zophendlo lwezifo wawungapheleli kuphela iphecana yokuphefumla aphezulu, kodwa bronchioles kwakhona amancinci, parenchyma bronchi nezengekho miphungeni. Kukukrala bronchi kunye noqhoqhoqho luphuhlisa serous-ukopha, maxa wambi ne nakujoliso olutsha necrotic kwi isifo. IEksodus flu uphakathi kakhulu ngokubanzi elilungileyo: wobuyiselo yenzeka malunga ngenyanga. Kodwa ukuba kwenzeka abantu ephelile, abantwana, abantu abadala, kunye nabantu kunye nesifo sentliziyo, singaqala inyumoniya. Ngelo xesha kunokubangela ukusilela Cardio-pulmonary kunye nokufa.

Xa umkhuhlane kakhulu, kukho iindlela ezimbini zophuhliso:

- ezifana nomkhuhlane ukugula kusasa,

- umkhuhlane kunye kubunzima miphungeni.

Xa esi sifo kakhulu umkhuhlane toxicosis kwenzeka ukunxila ngokukhawuleza jikelele. Kwimeko fulminant ikhosi kunokwenzeka umkhuhlane nokudumba yemiphunga, kunye hemorrhages ezincinane ebuchotsheni, enyama yangaphakathi, inwebu yangaphakathi nolusu. Amaninzi Kwiimeko ezinjalo, kuza ukufa. Ngokuqhelekileyo oku kwenzeka ngosuku lwesine okanye lwesihlanu sifo ngokuthi ukopha zibe ngamaziko ebalulekileyo okanye imvelaphi yokunyusa lokubandezeleka sokuphefumla.

Parainfluenza - yayiyazi ezifana nomkhuhlane ukugula esibangelwa yintsholongwane parainfluenza. Lubonakala yi izitshanguba ye phecana eliphezulu lokuphefumla, kwakunye ukunxila encinane. Egula ngakumbi abantwana, kodwa kukho amaxesha xa umzimba ezichaphazelekayo abadala. Xa parainfluenza kuvela nokudumba laryngeal kunye laryngitis etsolo, nto inzima kwaye zizalwa ukukrala lobuxoki.

Adenovirus usulelo - izifo ezihlasela zosulele ngokuphefumla viral okubangelwa adenoviruses. Iindlela okudluliselwa zifana ncam nezo ukuba uphawu nezinye izifo ezihlasela zosulele ngokuphefumla wentsholongwane egazini. Imithombo sifo njengesigulane kunye othwala virus. Usulelo luphawulwa emoyeni transmission endleleni. Ngelo xesha luchaphazela iphecana eliphezulu wokuphefumla, izihlunu lymphoid, conjunctiva iso. Kukho iintlobo ezimbini sifo: kokukhanya inzima. Kuba ifomu onobulali luphawulwa kuphuhliso rinolaringotraheobronhita etsolo kwifomu catarrhal of conjunctivitis ludlule, pharyngitis, kunye lymphadenitis lwengingqi. Xa isifo kakhulu luphawulwa ngokujoyina usulelo zasesekondari, apho kuvela suppuration, necrosis notshintsho morphological kwi amalungu.

Uthintelo kwezifo legciwane

Kufuneka utye ukutya ngaphezulu zineevithamini, ingakumbi vitamin C. Musa Musa ukulibala namatswele neekinofile, kuba iintsholongwane nje "ukoyika". Kudla ise emoyeni evulekileyo kwaye ngenisa umoya kwelo gumbi, enyanisweni, ukunyanzelwa umoya ukujikeleziswa iya kunciphisa inani iintsholongwane kweli gumbi.

Qiniseka ukuba tirhisa kanye ukucoca jikelele ngeveki. Izifo Viral nje "ukoyika" xa silandela ucoceko buqu xa ukuhlamba izandla ngesepha namanzi. Kwakhona kuluncedo kakhulu gargling rhoqo kwaye ngamanzi okanye ithontsi izisombululo impumlo saline. Ngoko ukunciphisa uyondelelwano lwee- yintsholongwane nasopharynx.