Iyintoni imoto yokupaka?

Kukho iindlela ezininzi zokulungisa i injini. Kukho nawuphi na, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqwalasela isofthiwe elawula ukusebenza kwayo. Ukulungiswa kwayo kunganika umphumo omhle ngaphandle kokusetyenziswa kwamanye amanyathelo. Emva koko, sicinga ukuba yiyiphi i-chip-tuning.

Inkcazo

Eli gama libhekiselele kwisimo seendlela zokusebenza zezilawuli zekhompyutheni ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo. Umzekelo, ngokutshintsha iiprogram zolawulo lwenyunithi yokulawula injini okanye ngokusebenzisa amamoyile okongeziweyo okwandisa amandla.

Ukwahlula kunye nemveliso

Ukulungiswa kwe-Chip ihlukaniswe ngoyilo kwiintlobo ezintathu kunye nendlela yokuphunyezwa - ezimbini.

Ngokuqhelekileyo isetyenziswe ukwandisa amandla. Ngoko ke, kuqhelekileyo kwimoto yezemidlalo, umzekelo, i-chip tuning "BMW." Kukho nawuphi na, inkqubo ejolise ekunyuseni umkhiqizo, unesongezelo esihle: ngokuchasene nokungazi kakuhle kwezinto ezingalunganga, kwanciphisa nokusetyenziswa kombane, njengoko kwandisa ukwenziwa kweenjini.

Qoqosho

Ngoku kutshanje, ngokubhekiselele kwintlekele kunye nokunyuka kwexabiso lentengiso, kuba yinto eyaziwayo yokudibanisa i-chip-tuning. Ingakumbi, ijoliswe ekunciphiseni ukusetyenziswa kwamanzi.

Ukulungiswa

Kwakhona, i-chip tuning isetyenziselwa ukulungisa inkqubo yeyunithi yokulawula injini xa ishintsha iiparitha zeemoto. Oku kungakho ngenxa yokutshintshwa kweendawo eziqhelekileyo kunye nezinye izinto, umzekelo, i-injection fuel, i-turbocharging, ukutshintsha kwamafutha kunye nezinye iinguqu zendalo.

Oko kukuthi, xa umdlalo uphawula imoto ngokufaka izixhobo eziphambili, kufuneka ulungelelanise icandelo lolawulo ngokufanelekileyo. Ngoko ke, xa ulungiselela i-BMW kunye ne-high injection injectors, ingakhankanyi utshintsho olunzulu, kuya kuthatha i-chip tuning "BMW" yokuphucula inkqubo yolawulo lwenjini.

Kuyafana nokufakela izixhobo zegesi-cyilinder. Oko kukuthi, xa uguqula iimoto zebhajethi njengeForgan Focus ukuya kwamanye amafutha, ufuna kwakhona ukulungiswa kwe-Ford Focus. Oku kungenxa yokuba ixesha lokutshitshiswa kwepetroli kunye negesi lihluke kakhulu, kwaye liyakushintshwa kuphela ngokubeka inkqubo yolawulo lwenjini.

Ukulungiswa

Olu hlobo luthandwa ngokukodwa kwimarike yendawo kwingxenye yamanani amaninzi aphantsi. Ukuze uqonde ukuba yintoni ukulungiswa kwendlela enjalo, kufuneka ukwazi ukuba abanye abavelisi bahlengahlengayo iimodare ukuya kwiiparitha eziqhelekileyo ngaphandle kokuthatha ingqalelo kwiimeko ezithile zokusebenza, ezifana nezixhobo zomoya kunye nemozulu. Ngako oko, loo mafutha ayinakusebenza ngokuchanekileyo. Oku kungabonakaliswa, umzekelo, kwisantya esingaqinisekiyo okanye sokwandiswa kwejubane, ukuqala ukuhamba, njl njl.

Nangona kunjalo, iimpazamo kwinkqubo yenjini ayifumanekanga kuphela kwiimodeli ezilula, kodwa nakwii-premium. I-Chip-tuning "Audi" kunye nezinye iinqwelo ezibiza kakhulu kukuvumela ukuba uphelise ezi mpazamo. Ziyakuboniswa ngokulibaziseka kweempendulo kwi-pedal ye-pedal, ukugubungela kwiinguqu zegesi, njl njl.

Ukuzivocavoca

Kucacile ngakumbi, yintoni ukulungiswa kwe-chip, kuba, ukuba uyazi izigaba zale mi sebenzi kunye nokulandelelana kokuphunyezwa kwazo. Kukho ezintathu kwizonke.

• Okokuqala, kufuneka ufumane inkqubo yolawulo. Kukho iindlela ezintathu: fumana iyunithi entsha yokulawula kunye ne-firmware entsha, fumana inkqubo entsha, funda i-firmware yokuqala yeemoto.
• Kwimeko yokugqibela, oko kukuthi, xa usebenzisa inkqubo eqhelekileyo, lungisa iiparitha ezifunekayo. Kuba i-firmware entsha ayifuni ukuba ihambelana ngokufanelekileyo kwimilinganiselo yeenjini.
• I-firmware entsha okanye echongiweyo ibhaliwe okanye ithathelwe indawo yilawunithi yokulawula injini.

Inkqubo yokufunda / yokubhala

Izigaba zokuqala nezokugqibela zifana nokuphunyezwa kwethekhnoloji kwaye zinokusetyenziswa ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo, ngokuxhomekeke kwizixhobo zobuchwepheshe bomqhubi, uhlobo kunye nemigqaliselo yunithi yokulawula.

Ngokuqhelekileyo, isiseko sokuxilonga sisetyenziselwa ukufunda i-firmware ngaphandle kokususa iyunithi yokulawula. Ukulungiswa kwe-Chip ngale ndlela kungenziwa kwiimoto ezininzi eziye zaveliswa ukususela ekupheleni kwe-90. Inkulungwane yokugqibela. Ukususela ngelo xesha, ukuqaliswa okukhulu kwenkumbulo ye-flash kunye ne-reprogramming kwaqalwa kwiinqununu zokulawula injini. Le ndlela ilula kakhulu, ngoko unokufunda / ukubhala i-firmware ngale ndlela ngamandla abaqhubi, abangayazi ngokucacileyo ukuba yiyiphi i-chip-tuning.

Kwiimoto ezindala, i-firmware ivame ukufumaneka kwi-chips i-ROM kunye ne-ultraviolet erasure. Ukuze uyifunde, kufuneka ususe i-memory chip, kwaye ngokuqhelekileyo kufuneka uyenze ngokukhuphuka. Ukongeza, umprogram uyadingeka, eyenzelwe iintlobo ezithile ze-microcircuits. Le ndlela yinkimbinkimbi kakhulu kunaphambili, ngoko kufuneka ikhono eliphezulu kwi-performer.

Kwakhona kwimisebenzi ecatshangelwayo kunokwenzeka ukusebenzisa i-BDM ye-interface (imbonakalo ye-debugging mode), ngumprogram wesiphaluka. Nangona kunjalo, kufuneka kuthathelwe ingqalelo ukuba, njengoko iqhutywe yi-Motorolla, lo mboniso ufumaneka kuphela kwiiyunithi zokulawula injini ngokusekelwe kwiprojekti yalo mvelisi. Ukongezelela kwizixhobo ezizodwa, ezo zakhono zidinga izakhono ezifanayo, ngoko le ndlela iyanzima.

Esikhundleni se-interface engentla, kwezinye iimeko, sebenzisa i-Boot-mode yeprojector.

Ukuhlela

Le mi sebenzi iyona nqanaba eliphambili le-chip-tuning, ukuba liquka ukutshintsha i-unit control unit. Ngenxa yokuphunyezwa kwabo ngokufanelekileyo, ulwazi olupheleleyo malunga neerameters ze-motored tuned, iinjongo zalo kunye neendawo ezibuthathaka kuyimfuneko. Ukongezelela, ukwenza ngokwezifiso i-firmware, udinga isofthiwe ekhethekileyo emele idatha yokulinganisa kwifom ecacileyo. Ukongezelela, ngokuqhelekileyo ukulungiswa kwakhona kwe-firmware kudibene nokuhlaziywa kwee-checksums ezilawula ingqibelelo. Ngaphantsi kaninzi oku kwenziwa ngokusetyenziswa kweetekisi zokubala.

Kukho nawuphi na, kuyimfuneko ukuqwalasela ukungaphumeleli kwenkqubo yokubonakalisa idatha yedalenti kwifom ecacileyo. Okokuqala, abakwazi ukukhangela imizuzu yokulinganisela. Okwesibini, banokwenza iimpazamo ekuchongwa kwetafile zokulinganisa.

Nangona kunjalo, imarike yesofthiwe inikeza iimveliso ezingenayo ezi zinto zingenakwenzeka. Aba ngabahleli abakhethiweyo abaneenkcukacha ze-firmware kunye namakhadi okulinganisa. Ezi zilandelayo ziphuhlisi zabahleli, ngokuqhelekileyo zisebenzisa ubunjineli be-firmware ukuze bafumane idatha yokulinganisa kwaye bafunde i-algorithms yolawulo lwenkqubo esebenzayo. Ngoko ke, abahleli abanjalo babonakalisa kwifom eqhotyoshelweyo kuphela iitafile zokulinganiswa eziqinisekileyo kunye neenkqubela ze-firmware. Ukongezelela, benza ngokuzenzekelayo ukulungiswa kwe-checksum ngexesha lokulondoloza utshintsho.

Eyona ndlela elula ekuphunyezweni kwe-mechanic-tuning. Kuquka ukutshintsha i-unit unit control unit kunye nenkqubo entsha. Nangona kunjalo, kulo mzekelo, ukwenzela ukuba wenze umsebenzi ngokuchanekileyo, kubalulekile ukufumana ibhloko kunye ne-firmware ehambelana ngokupheleleyo neerameters of injini, okanye kufuneka yenziwe ngumntu ngokomyalelo ngokuhambelana neempawu zeemoto kwaye zibhaliswe kwibhloko.

Iziphumo

Kufuneka kukhunjulwe ingqalelo ukuba izinto ezininzi zichaphazela iziphumo ze-chip tuning:

• Ubukho bexinzelelo;
• Umqulu kunye nokusebenza kokuqala kwenjini;
• Ukusebenza kwe-firmware;
• Iinjongo zeenjini kunye nezinye izigqeba zemoto.

Ngoko ke, ukwanda kweerameters apho ukulungiswa kwaso kuqondiswe kubaluleke kakhulu kwiinjini zeenjini. Ngokuqhelekileyo, i-chip tuning "Ford Mustang" kunye ne "Focus" iza kunika iziphumo ezahlukileyo.

Ukufumaneka kokugqithisa kubaluleke kakhulu ekusebenzeni kwe-chip tuning. Oku kubangelwa ukuba iinjini ze-atmospheric kunye ne-supercharged zisebenzisa izixhobo ezahlukeneyo xa zilungiswa. Ngoko, umzekelo, i-chip tuning "Ford" kunye neenjini zomoya zifumana ukulungiswa kweerameters of fuel supply and ignition. Ukukhula kweemveliso kulo mzekelo ngu-8-12%. Ngexesha elifanayo, i-chip-tuning "Audi" eneenjini ezenziwe nge-turbocharged yenziwa ngokunyusa uxinzelelo lwayo. Oku kunokwenyuka kwama-30-40%. Le nto ibonakala ngokugqithisileyo xa kuthelekiswa neenjini eziphezulu kunye nombane onomlinganiselo ofanayo.

Ngokomzekelo, ukulungiswa kwe-chip "Gxininisa" nge-1.6-litre eneenjini ezili-105 zamitha. . Uya kunika ukwanda kwama-10 ilitha. . Ngexesha elifanayo, ukutshisa i-injini ye-VAG nge-1.4 l I-ISI yeminzana encinci inokunyusa ngokunyuka okukhulu. I-Chip-tuning "Skoda" kule njini kunye nenani eliphezulu elivumelekileyo lokunyusa izinga lokunyusa umgangatho (isigaba sesi-2) sichaza ukwanda kwamandla ngama-140 ilitha. . Isiqendu sama-50 ilitha. . Oko kukuthi, ukwanda kweli lixa kungaphezulu kweyesithathu kwexabiso lokuqala. I-Torque ngenxa yezizathu zokugcina imithombo yebhokisi yebhobho yonyuka iyanda kwi-300 Nm. Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa yeenguqulelo ezilula, ukwanda kwawo kubalulekile (80 Nm).

Kwakhona, ke, ezinye iiparitha zeenjinjini, ezifana nomthamo kunye nokusebenza kokuqala, nazo zibalulekile. Ngokomzekelo, i-Kia-chip "tuning" ye-Kia "ene-1.6-liter liter capacity of 125 liters. . Uya kunika ukwanda okwenyuka kwama-13 ilitha. . Oku kubalwa ngesiseko sokuba ukwanda kwenyuka kwintsebenzo yeenjini ze-atmospheric ngu-10%. Ngaloo ndlela, i-chip tuning "i-Chevrolet-Corvette" ene-6.2-litre V8 ene-466 ilitha. . Ukwandisa eli nani malunga nama-47 ilitha. .

Ukongeza, ukulungelelaniswa kokusebenzisa i-chip-tuning kugqitywe ngempumelelo yefowirda yefowuni. Ngoko ke, ukuba umenzi uphakamise injini ukuba yenzeke ngokufanelekileyo, akufanele ihlelwe ngaphezulu, kuba oku akukona nje ukuvelisa umphumo obalulekileyo, kodwa kungakhokelela ekunyuseni okukhulu kwendlela yokusetyenziswa kwamanzi kunye nokunciphisa kwimithombo. Oku kufana nemifanekiso yezemidlalo. Nangona kunjalo, ezininzi iiforishi zinesimo esiphezulu, esinika umgama wokuphucula ukusebenza. Ukongeza, abaninzi abavelisi bathengisa iimoto ngeenjini enye yamandla ahlukeneyo. Ngokuqhelekileyo oku kuboniswa kwisakhelo somzekelo owodwa: umatshini unokunikezwa ngeenguqu ezintathu zeenjini, ezahlukileyo kuphela kwisethingi. Nangona kunjalo, umahluko phakathi kwexabiso kunokuba luphawu. Ngaloo ndlela, i-chip tuning yindlela yokugcina imali xa uthengisa imoto, ngenxa yokuba ungathenga i-version elula kwaye uguqule iyunithi yokulawula injini ibe yindleko.

Ekugqibeleni, kufuneka uqikelele amandla enjini kunye nezinye izixhobo zemoto. Oku kugqiba imida yokuphuculwa, phantsi kwaloovimba oza kugcinwa khona.

Ngokwe siseko salo, kuyacaca ukuba inona ethembisayo yokulungiswa kwe-chip ine-turbo-injini. Ngoku kukho iinguqulelo ezininzi kwiimarike. Oku kubangelwa yimpembelelo yendlela yokusingqongileyo kunye nezoqoqosho, ngenxa yokokuba abavelisi batshintsha ukusuka kwi-multi-cylinder, i-engines-high atmospheric engines ukuya kwiinjini ezincinci ezixhotywe nge-turbo ephantsi. Le niselo isetyenziswe ngokuyinhloko ukunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwamanzi, kungekhona ukusebenza, ngoko banakho ukuphakama okukhulu.

Iimoto ezincinci zeemoto zemali-bhajethi azikhombisi kakhulu kulo mbono. Nangona ngezinye iziphumo kubonakala ngokucacileyo. Ngaloo ndlela, i-chip tuning "I-Renault Logan" ikuvumela ukuba ukwandise ukulandelelana kwi-revs ephantsi, isivinini esiphezulu malunga ne-10 km / h kunye nokunciphisa ixesha lokusheshisa nge-1 s. Oku kungenxa yeziganeko ezinjalo.

Kwiinkqubo ezincinci ezinamandla ezicothayo kulula kakhulu ukuphucula ukusebenza okungqongqo kunemidlalo ekhawulezayo. Okokuqala, banokulungiswa ngokubanzi kweenkqubo zenkqubo yokulawula injini, enika ithuba lokuvelisa umkhiqizo. Okwesibini, kwiimodeli ezinjalo iziphumo ezibonakalayo zinika ukwanda kwamandla, okubonelela nge-chip tuning. Ubu bungqina bubungqina oko. Ukuphucula i-dynamics yemoto yezemidlalo ngokukhawuleza kunzima kakhulu. Nangona ukwanda kancinane kuyo kufuna iindleko eziphezulu.

Iindleko

Ixabiso lokulungiswa kwemishini kumashishini ahlukileyo luhluke kakhulu. Iphembelelwe ngokusisiseko ngemeko efana neerameters of the vehicle being modified and features of the newware firmware. Ixabiso elincinci ukusekwa koomatshini-mali. Ngaloo ndlela, ukulungiswa kwezixhobo ezininzi zeVAZ kuyindleko malunga nama-ruble ayi-3000. Phakathi kweemoto ezenzileyo, kubiza kakhulu ukuguqula imoto yezemidlalo. Ngokomzekelo, indleko zale mi sebenzi kwi-supercar engabizi kakhulu, iNissan GT-R, iqala ukusuka kuma-ruble angama-30 000-40 000. Ukongezelela, ixabiso lichongiwe ngempumelelo yendawo. Ngoko ke, iindleko ezichaziweyo ze-chip-tuning ye-GT-R zibhekisela kwindlela elula, ukwandisa umthamo ngama-30 ilitha. . Ukufezekisa ukunyuka kwalo ngama-lititha ezingama-70. Nge., Kufuneka uhlawule amaxesha ama-3-4 ngaphezulu.

Nangona kunjalo, i-motor tuned tuned. Ngaphezu koko, ukulungiswa kwe-chip okubandakanyiweyo kwiikiti zokumisa ezinikezelwa ngama-workshops ngokuqhelekileyo kuncinci kune-firmware yangokweziko kwiimoto ezikhethekileyo malunga nezinga elifanayo elenziwe ngokusetyenziswa kweziganeko ezingenanto. Oku kubangelwa ukuba kwimeko yokugqibela, ukulungiswa komntu ngamnye we-firmware kuyadingeka, ngelixa kukhonjiweyo kweekethi ezithile zeesetyenzisiweyo zisetyenzisiweyo, phantsi kweyiphi inkqubo.