Ixesha Mann: ifomula. Ukunamathela kunye nenzuzo

Formula lokubuyisela sisalathisi esibalulekileyo xa kuvavanywa. Ithuba payback kubatyali-mali kubalulekile. Uchaza indlela liphela iiprojekthi lulwelo kunye nengeniso-yokwenza. Kuba isigqibo esichanekileyo investment kakuhle, kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuba iphume kanjani kwaye ibalwa index.

Intsingiselo ukubala

Enye izikhombisi ibalulekileyo xa kujongwa ukusebenza investment - xesha payback. Ifomula ubonisa ukuba yintoni ixesha elithile ingeniso evela projekthi iya kuhlawula zonke iindleko non qho yona. Le ndlela yenza kube lula ukuba ukubala ixesha imali, ngoko leyo correlates-mali kunye iindleko-ezisebenzayo nezamkelekileyo ixesha layo.

Uhlalutyo lwezoqoqosho kubandakanya ukusetyenziswa iindlela ezahlukeneyo ukubala metric bathi. Lusetyenziswa, ukuba wenziwe ukuba uhlahlelo lothelekiso ukujonga projekthi inzuzo. Kubalulekile kweli tyala alusetyenziselwa njengoko engundoqo kwaye kuphela ukhetho, kwaye libalwa zihlalutywe ngokudibene kunye namanye, ebonisa ukusebenza ngayo ukhetho mali ethile.

ingasetyenziswa Ukubalwa ixesha lokuhlawula imali component ephambili, ukuba inkampani ejoliswe imbuyekezo ekhawulezileyo mali. Ngokomzekelo, xa ukhetha iindlela ukuphuculwa.

Ceteris paribus athatyathiweyo ukuphumeza le projekthi, leyo ixesha omncinane buyiselo.

Buyela kwi investment - ifomula ebonisa inani lamathuba (iinyanga okanye iminyaka) apho umtyali-mali kuya kubuyela utyalo-mali lwakho ngokupheleleyo. Ngamanye amazwi, eli xesha buyiselo. Kufuneka kukhunjulwe ukuba ixesha ogama kufuneka ibe mfutshane ngaphezu ubude bexesha apho ukusetyenziswa mboleko yangaphandle.

Yintoni efunekayo ukuze ukubala

ixesha Jaan (ifomula ukuyisebenzisa) busenza ukuba ulwazi kwezi zalathisi:

• iindleko zeprojekthi - Oku kuquka zonke mali eyenziwe ukusukela ekuqaleni kwayo;
• ingeniso net kunyaka - Kukho mntu ukuqaphela le projekthi kulo nyaka, kodwa umnatha zonke iindleko, kubandakanywa iirhafu;
• Uncipho ngenxa thuba (unyaka) - isixa-mali eziye zachithwa ekuphuculeni kuyilo kunye neendlela nokuphunyezwa kwayo (ixesha langoku kunye nokulungiswa kwezixhobo, ukuphuculwa nobuchwepheshe, njl);
• iindleko ubude (intsingiselo utyalo-mali).

Kwaye ukubala ixesha ngesaphulelo yokubuyiswa kweengxelo mali, kubalulekile ukuba uthathe ingqalelo:

• ukufika zonke nemali ngexesha lokunika ingxelo;
• rate isaphulelo;
• ixesha apho isaphulelo;
• umyinge wotyalo-mali sokuqala.

Ifomula yokubala payback

Ingcaciso kwethuba ukubuya investment eyenzekayo ngokuphathelene uhlobo zokufumana ingeniso net ukulungiselela le projekthi. Ukuba uyaqonda ukuba lokusetyenziswa zekheshi ifunyenwe ngokufanayo lonke ixesha yokubaleka projekthi, ixesha payback, ifomula yayo eboniswe ngezantsi, unako kubalwa ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:

T = D / W

Apho T - ixesha lokubuya kutyalo-mali;

Kwaye - mali;

D - isixa esipheleleyo yenzuzo.

Kulo mzekelo, imali yengeniso iquka yengeniso net kunye nokwehla.

Ukuze siqonde indlela iprojekthi uchaphazelekayo efanelekileyo xa usebenzisa le ndlela kunceda ukuba ixabiso ngenxa kwexesha imali ukubuya eyinkunzi kufuneka ibe ngaphantsi kwe oko esicacisiweyo mali.

Xa iimeko yokwenene yale projekthi, umtyali-mali uyala, ukuba ithuba imbuyekezo yotyalo mali ngaphezu amaxabiso umda ababewunikiwe. Enoba ufuna iindlela zokunciphisa ixesha payback.

Umzekelo, umtyali-mali lityale kule projekthi 100 amawaka. Thambisani. Ingeniso evela projekthi:

• ngenyanga yokuqala yaba 25 lamawaka pakani..;
• ngenyanga yesibini - amawaka 35 engange.;.
• ngenyanga yesithathu - 45 amawaka engange ..

le projekthi ayihlawuli ngaphandle kwiinyanga ezimbini zokuqala, ukususela 25 + 35 = 60 lamawaka. miri., nto leyo lingaphantsi isixa-mali. Ngoko ke, simele siqonde ukuba le projekthi kuhlawulwa imali ngokwayo kwiinyanga ezintathu, njengoko 60 + 45 = 105 lamawaka. Hlikihla.

ubuhle be indlela

Izinto eziluncedo ze-ndlela ingentla:

1. Elula yokubala.
2. Ukubonakala.
3. Ukukwazi ukwenza uhlobo lotyalo ngokumalunga ixabiso kwangaphambili yi-mali.

Ngokubanzi, esi salathisi kunokwenzeka ukuba ukubala umngcipheko wotyalo-mali, njengoko kukho lobudlelwano: ukuba ixesha payback, ifomula okhankanywe ngentla, lifinyele, wayicola imingcipheko projekthi. Kwelinye icala, ngokwandayo ozilindele ubomi imbuyekezo yotyalo-mali, ingozi enyukileyo - mali babengaba unrecoverable.

ukulinganiselwa

Ukuba sithethe ngayo iintsilelo indlela, phakathi avelele: ukubala inaccuracy ngenxa yokuba oko alisayi kuwathathela ngqalelo xa lisenza izibalo zalo ngexesha factor.

Enyanisweni, imali ekufuneka ufumene zenzala yexeshana aphesheya, kungekhona nayiphi na indlela kuchaphazela ubomi bakhe.

Ukuze ukuphumeza kakuhle ekubaleni salathisi, kubalulekile ukuqonda iindleko notyalo ukwakheka, ngokutsha kunye nokuphuculwa asethi ezisisigxina. Ngenxa yoko, isiphumo kubo aninako ukufika minutely.

Umtyali-mali, xa imali ekuphuculeni naluphi na ulwalathiso olufunekayo ukuze baqonde into yokuba kuphela emva kwexesha elithile, uya kufumana ixabiso nokungena nokuphuma kwemali eyinkunzi engasiyiyo-. Ngenxa yoku, kubalulekile ukuba usebenzise kubalo kwezi ndlela eguquguqukayo ukuba zingalujongi kwemali, nto leyo kwexabiso imali umzuzu omnye ngexesha.

Imfuneko yobalo ezintsonkothileyo, ngenxa yokuba ixabiso imali ngomhla lotyalo asiyonto efanayo njengoko ixabiso lemali ekupheleni kwale projekthi.

indlela yokubala Discount

ixesha payback, ifomula yayo thaca ngezantsi, kuquka kuthathelwa ingqalelo ixesha factor. Le ukubalwa NPV - net ixabiso elikhoyo. Calculation kwenziwa ngokomgaqo wokubala:

T = IC / FV,

apho T - ixesha buyiselo;

IC - utyalo-mali kwi projekthi;

FV - ekucwangciselwa ingeniso projekthi.

Oku kuthatha ingqalelo iindleko elizayo imali yaye, ke ngoko, ingeniso ecwangcisiweyo yaye discounted kusetyenziswa izinga isaphulelo. Le rate kuquka ubungozi iprojekthi. Phakathi kwazo kukho ezona ziphambili:

• imingcipheko yokwenyuka kwamaxabiso;
• ubungozi lizwe ;
• iingozi non-inzuzo.

Bonke bephela azimisele njengepesenti, kunye lonyuselo. Ireyithi isaphulelo ke kubalwa ngolu hlobo lulandelayo: Izinga lomngcipheko-free zonke iingozi projekthi ukubuya +.

Ukuba nokungena imali engalinganiyo

Ukuba imali kule projekthi yahlukile ngonyaka ngamnye, zokubuyisa iindleko, ifomula yayo igutyungelwe kweli nqaku kuya yoconjululwa kwesesikweni amanyathelo ezimbalwa.

1. Okokuqala, kufuneka amisele linani lamathuba (kwaye, kufuneka ube integer) xa isixa-mali yenzuzo qho accrual iya kuba kufutshane isixa-mali.
2. Ke amasalela ke kuyimfuneko ukuze kube nokugqitywa: isixa-mali thabatha ixabiso ubungakanani aqokelelwe aqhubeke projekthi.
3. Emva koko, ixabiso eseleyo uncoated wahlulwe isixa semali imijelo slot kwixesha elilandelayo. Isalathisi iphambili kwezoqoqosho kulo mzekelo - umlinganiselo isaphulelo, echazwe kule yunithi okanye ipesenti kwizabelo kulo nyaka.

iziphumo

ixesha payback, formula leyo akundincina ngasentla, oko kubonisa ukuba naliphi na ubude bexesha baya imbuyekezo epheleleyo kutyalo-mali, kwaye mzuzu liya kufika xa projekthi iqalisa ingeniso. Wakhetha utyalo ukhetho kubuya xesha lincinane.

Ukubala usebenzisa iindlela ezininzi ukuba babe neempawu zabo. Eyona ilula - iCandelo udibaniso iindleko isixa-mali sengeniso ngonyaka, nto leyo izisa iprojekthi ngemali.