Isniphu: zokhuselo lomlilo izakhiwo ngentsimbi. iyawulwa umlilo kwezakhiwo metal ngaphandle ukhuseleko emlilweni

zokhuselo lomlilo izakhiwo but is an element, apho kusilungele, kwiimeko ezininzi, wenza ukuba ugxininise kuso. Kulo mzekelo, kufuneka uqonde ukuba yintoni na yaye apho afuneka khona ukuze kakuhle.

Kutheni kuyimfuneko?

imiqadi Ukunikela, I-imiqadi, iintsika kunye nezinye izinto kwiimeko umlilo baziphathe phantse engalindelekanga. Asimele silibale ukuba umsebenzi wabo eziphambili kukuba ukwenza injongo yayo ngqo - ukugcina isakhiwo ixesha elide kangangoko kunokwenzeka, uphambuke ezintethweni nayiphi na ingozi yokuwa.

Metal azigcina inqaba yayo kanye de kufike ixesha ubushushu yi lobushushu voice. Abantu abaninzi abanalwazi oku. Ke ukuba ibekwe kwindawo of amaqondo obushushu aphezulu, kuya kuba lula yaye oluthambileyo ngokuhamba kwexesha. Ngoko ke, ukuba awufuni ukusebenzisa yokhuseleko emlilweni ezizodwa izakhiwo ophuma ezintsimbini ngomlilo, yena akayi kuhlala nokuba 3-5 imizuzu.

Zasuka zanyibilika yaguqa, yenza umonakalo yasekuqaleni izakhiwo kunye nezakhiwo, ebangela ukuwa, xa abantu okwangoku bakhutshwe ngokupheleleyo. Ngoko, ngokufanelekileyo, ajike ukufa kwabo. Kungenxa yesi sizathu, ukhuselo umlilo kwezakhiwo otyhidiweyo ngomnye weyona milenze ibaluleke gqitha ukuba baye inkqubo yokuphuhlisa ukhuseleko wokwakha nganye. Nangona kunjalo, kufuneka uqonde kakuhle ukuba inikwa njani yaye nini.

Yintoni na?

Okulandelayo sijonga xa kunokwenzeka zokhuselo lomlilo izakhiwo yesinyithi. Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, siye wasebenzisa iindlela ngeendlela zokwakha apho ukhuselo umlilo kubonelelwa, ezifana izitena lining, udaka kwigridi kunye nabanye abaninzi, kodwa lo mzekelo siqwalasela non ubugcisa non-noshowo anokuthatyathwa ingqalelo naziphi bezakhiwo kunye nabayili.

Njani ukusebenza?

Ngokutsho ukhuseleko isniphu umlilo izakhiwo metal kwindawo yokuqala kufuneka kunikwa izakhiwo kunye nezakhiwo apho izinto ezahlukeneyo ukuthwala etyhidiweyo avulekileyo. Kulo mzekelo, akukho amathuba abo ngokwesiqhelo ezivaliweyo okanye kusetyenziswa izifundo uyilo lokwakha. Ngenxa yoko, sinesakhiwo engakhange ikhuselwe ndingade ethwele izakhiwo yesinyithi. Kulo mzekelo, isniphu zokhuselo lomlilo izakhiwo wentsimbi kufezwa enamathela nabo nge paint nekudodobalisa umlilo ezizodwa. Kulo mzekelo, ayikho kuphela ngempumelelo kakhulu kodwa, umgaqo, ngendlela kuphela.

Ibiya kuthetha ukuba yonke into ilula: ukuthenga ipeyinti umlilo-nekudodobalisa ulipeyinte ubuso ekhoyo. Ngophanya nje lweliso, kusenokubonakala ngathi iindlela ezinjalo zokhuselo lomlilo izakhiwo yesinyithi zingasetyenziswa ngabapeyinti zesiqhelo okanye abasebenzi cheap. Enyanisweni, lo lula ngokucacileyo kuphela ezingekhoyo.

Ukuqinisekisa ukuphunyezwa ngokupheleleyo le ukhuseleko lomlilo projekthi, kufuneka ukwazi kakuhle oko nenani lamanqanaba ipeyinti kufuneka wayibeka phezu kwabo okanye ezinye iziqalelo ukubala ukumelana nomlilo kwezakhiwo metal ngaphandle ukhuseleko emlilweni, kwakunye nokuthintela amathuba ngokuhlaziya okanye delamination okukulo inqubo yokoma.

design

Musa ukulibala ukuba imibala yawo ekhethekileyo eqolo kangaka. Oku nje esinye sezizathu ezibangela ukuba iprojekthi yokubonelela yoyilo zokukhusela umlilo. Nale projekthi uya kubona indlela esezantsi i umda iyawulwa umlilo kwezakhiwo metal ngaphandle ukhuseleko emlilweni, ukuba ipeyinti eza kufuneka ndiyandise, kwakunye ngomaleko izinto kufuneka usetyenziswe ukuba izinto ezithile.

kwiingcali benza uvavanyo eneenkcukacha yonke imithwalo abasebenza kwi ngendlela ethile, ukubala ukumelana nomlilo, kwakunye nexesha apho baza kuba nako ukwenza umsebenzi wabo ngqo ngomlilo. Emva koko, eli xesha ubalo engekhoyo kunye nokubalwa zenziwa ububanzi ofunekayo esibekwa yokhuseleko. Nantso into eyayisenza design and definition yexabiso komsebenzi, emva koko iingcali ziqala ukuphunyezwa kwesicwangciso leyo.

Njani isicelo?

Materials zokhuselo lomlilo izakhiwo ngesinyithi isicelo kunye neeyunithi airless ezikhethekileyo. Ngaphezu koko, isicelo sabo yenziwa kuphela umaleko ube mnye esinobukhulu ethile. Eyona iphambili apha kukuba, ukuba lo mbandela nelangatye nekudodobalisa lisetyenziswa thinly kakhulu, ngoko ukuba kukho wokwaphusa nakancinane penti iqala lokuzigoqa uqhume, kodwa kungenjalo nje ayiyi kuba ixesha ize koma. Oku kuya kukhokelela liwa off sakhiwo. nto kwiingcali ngokungqinelana ne-Standard State (GOST) zokhuselo lomlilo izakhiwo wentsimbi lisetyenziswa umaleko ethile, emva kokuba unikwa ithuba lokuba owomileyo ngokuyinxenye kwaye umaleko olandelayo isicelo koku loo. Emva koko, ngokuphinda le nkqubo, nezinyuko efunekayo kuyaphunyezwa.

Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba umaleko ngamnye ipeyinti nekudodobalisa umlilo ngeliso elibukhali kuphela manzi kodwa kwindawo eyomileyo intsalela kunye shrinkage ingumlingani iyakhangelwa. Ukongeza, umaleko owomileyo nako kulawulwa ngendlela kagesi eddy gauge ezizodwa. Ukuba kukho ngenene umgangatho nokusebenza ngokuchanekileyo lonke lwaseNtshona Koloni ziba iinkqubo eziyimfuneko, ukuqala kuyilo kunye nesiphelo kunye isicelo ngqo umbandela, ekugqibeleni enamathela ingahlala iminyaka engaphezu kwamashumi amahlanu.

iimpawu eziphambili

isinyithi kubume zabo kakhulu sensitive ngumlilo kunye namaqondo aphezulu umgaqo. Kungenxa yoko le nto zonke iinkqubo zenziwa kuphela ngokungqinelana iseti kwangaphambili lwemithetho (elona linge joint). zokhuselo lomlilo izakhiwo yesinyithi kufuneka wenziwe ngezizathu ukuba metal ngokwayo itshiswe ngokukhawuleza kakhulu. Oku kukhokelela ekuncipheni kakhulu iipropati ayo ngamandla. Ngokunxulumene ubunyani etyhidiweyo zizeyeyona abuthatha nasiphi na isakhiwo emlilweni, nokuba banikwe isibakala ukuba ezisetyenziswa ngokuxhaphakileyo zokwakha mihla phantse jikelele.

ukuqonda Bambalwa abantu ngokuchanekileyo ukuba ukuxhathisa emlilweni iintsimbi lisezantsi ngokwaneleyo, yaye ixabiso layo ngeenxa 0.1-0.4 iiyure, yaye ngokuhambelana nezithethe ezikhoyo umlilo nasiphi na isakhiwo isakhiwo kufuneka abe kummandla ka 0.5-2.5 iiyure kuxhomekeke ujongana ngokukodwa uhlobo lwesakhiwo, nto leyo esisizathu sokuba ukhuseleko emlilweni ezifunekayo izakhiwo yesinyithi. Nangona kunjalo, iimfuno zokusetyenziswa izinto ezinjalo ukulawula ngokufanelekileyo ukusetyenziswa kwazo kwaye ukuvumela ukuba enze njalo, ukuze ekugqibeleni okunene ikwazile ukufikelela kwiziphumo eziyimfuneko.

izizathu

Eli zokhuselo lomlilo izakhiwo zentsimbi kukuba phezu metal ukwenza ezizodwa ubushushu-zokwambathisa screen. Kuyinto olukwazi ngokubamba lobushushu eliphezulu, kwaye akavumeli umlilo ukwenza umbandela, xa kukho imfuneko. Le nkqubo kakhulu imenza isisitheliso ngokushushubeza amaqela metal xa kuthe lomlilo. Oku kwenza kube ixesha ezifunekayo esiphuthumayo ngakumbi asindise ubomi babantu abaninzi.

Zininzi iindlela ezithe zenziwa zokhuselo lomlilo izakhiwo yesinyithi. Ezi zililo isebenze ngeendlela zemveli ezifana neendonga udaka kunye izisombululo ezizodwa, ikhonkrithi okanye wamatye eyalekeneyo, yaye ngakumbi mihla, ngokusekelwe ekusetyenzisweni yesixa ayisindi kunye nezixhobo, kuquka uboya izimbiwa, perlite eyandisiweyo okanye izinto ezahlukeneyo ubushushu. Ixabiso le nkqubo ixhomekeke ngqo kwi ingaba indlela ethile iye yasetyenziswa kwimeko ethile.

ngezigaba iindlela

ukhuseleko emlilweni noshowo izakhiwo yesinyithi ezenziwe ngeendlela ezininzi kule mihla:

• fireproofing coating Special. ukuba Benza zesamente, iglasi yamanzi nezimbiwa nefayibha granulate.
• Ukusetyenziswa Intumescent nekudodobalisa lomlilo iipeyinti zonke iintlobo, ezo inkqubo kakhulu entsonkothileyo equka amacandelo eziphilayo nezingaphiliyo. isenzo zazo eziphambili isekelwe ngokupheleleyo ekwakhiweni ukudumba phantsi lobushushu eliphezulu yaye kamva ukuyilwa ubushushu zokwambathisa umaleko aneentunja ogama ubukhulu yi iisentimitha nje ezimbalwa.

zokhuselo lomlilo izakhiwo metal ngaphandle ukhuseleko emlilweni iphantsi ngokwaneleyo, kodwa iindlela ezinjalo ziingcali ngaphandle kobunzima ukwandisa kwi ekufuneka ixabiso iiyure 0,75-2,5 apho kuxhomekeka lisetyenziswa ngomaleko udaka, kwakunye kwi ipeyinti engangenwa uyasebenza okanye ngeso lenyama ezilula. Ukusetyenziswa iipeyinti intumescent kwi uninzi amatyala onokufikelela ukumelana nomlilo kwezakhiwo iiyure ezingaphezu kwesinye enesiqingatha.

Iimpawu ze isicelo

Ukusetyenziswa kwezixhobo ezizodwa angohlulwa ngezigaba ezine eziphambili:

1. Umphezulu kulungiselelwa.
2. Priming.
3. Ukusetyenziswa kwezinto yepeyinti okhethekileyo.
4. Ngeso lenyama.

ingqalelo ekhethekileyo kulo mzekelo inikwa ukulungiselela imiphezulu zesinyithi ezisetyenziswa unyango olunye umlilo-nekudodobalisa. Xa ukulungiselela engafanelekanga ukutyabeka engaphezulu mhlawumbe baphele nje phantsi amanyathelo lwangaphakathi okanye lwangaphandle, apho isiphumo umsebenzi kuya kuba zero. Ukuziqhelisa, unako ukufumana kakhulu iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zithi imiphezulu metal kunokwenzeka ngaphambi kokuba isicelo ngayo daka okhethekileyo, yaye kuquka nalawo nezakhiwo yesinyithi, abangancedekanga okwangoku luqhubeka, ngokuhambelana nemigangatho karhulumente esekwe echazwe States ezine ezisisiseko.

Ukuziqhelisa, eyamkelekileyo ngokubanzi ukusebenzisa iindlela ezimbini eziphambili yonyango - ngoomatshini kunye imichiza. Le yokugqibela kubandakanya ukusetyenziswa ezizodwa converters namhlwa, ithetha bahlambe ipeyinti omdala, kunye nezinye mass. ubuchwepheshe Mechanical efanayo inika processing imishini ngokupheleleyo okanye manual. Le zokuhlanjululwa ikhutshwa phandle esebenzisa izixhobo esirhabaxa, ihlamba okanye sandblasting, kwaye injongo yayo ephambili kukufumana umphezulu metal ecocekileyo ngokupheleleyo ukungabikho ngokupheleleyo kuso nasiphi na Coatings.

Elinye inyathelo ozikhethelayo ekulungiseleleni ingabizwa bamafutha epheleleyo esiqhutywa nokusetyenziswa organic izinyibilikisi ezizodwa. Eyona njongo iphambili yale nkqubo ke nokususwa ngokupheleleyo ngentsimbi ukusuka kumphezulu naziphi amafutha ezingaphiliyo okanye organic ne-oyile. Olu tyando lwenziwa ngqo phambi umaleko ukutyabeka lokuqala uyasetyenziswa, kwaye kwiimeko ezininzi buyanceda ukudibanisa oko dedusting yamkelwe.

Uboya

Lo maleko wokuqala zeendawana nawuphi na ukutyabeka flame nekudodobalisa - usoloko phantsi. Yaye uninzi Kwiimeko kuqhelekile ukusebenzisa acrylic, egqalwa ubhetyebhetye. Ingxaki enkulu kukuqinisekisa priming ukhuseleko anticorrosive ye zentsimbi kunye adhesion esemgangathweni kumphezulu kwaye izaleko daka elandelayo.

Kuyimfuneko ukuba aye kuthetha ukhetho somhlaba ngenyameko kakhulu, ukuba ezinye idangatye-nekudodobalisa unyango. Ngapha koko, imarike Ungafumana okuninzi iimveliso ezahlukeneyo enziwa ukuba iinkcukacha, kungekhona njengondwendwe. Ngokomthetho imihlaba leyo ziveliswa TU, lobushushu ezahlukeneyo ukuthambisa kwi 90-100 ^{° C,} lo gama ubushushu yokusebenza ye ukutyabeka nelangatye nekudodobalisa yi 220-250 ° ^C. Ngenxa yoko, priming ekugqibeleni ulahlekelwa iipropati balo ukuba kungabangela deformation ngakumbi exobukayo kunye yayisoma nelangatye nekudodobalisa isicelo. Ukongeza, ukusetyenziswa kwalo naluphi analogs yokuvelisa cheap kuphela TU, kwaye kukhokelela ekwandeni ixesha yokomisa umbandela isicelo, kunye nokunciphisa okanye ilahleko lilonke adhesion komlilo-nekudodobalisa nokwaleka isicelo.

ukuqonda Asingabo bonke ukuba kubalulekile ukugcina umhlaba ukuba yome nko ngaphambi ziya kusetyenziswa ngqo yepeyinti engangenwa ngokwaso, njengoko kungenjalo ukutyabeka zokhuselo ukuze ivale nje ngexesha ukusetyenziswa. Ukusetyenziswa izinto ezikhethekileyo Ipeyinti ezindala okanye umphezulu kwangaphambili-lulungele e Iipeyinti, akaqhotyoshelwanga isincomo nabavelisi iipeyinti nelangatye nekudodobalisa ukuze kamva ukubangela ukonakala adhesion kunye sitshiswa ngamalanga okanye iyaxobuka na ukutyabeka.