Isitoreji segolide saseJamani siye salala? Kuphi igolide yegolide yaseJamani namhlanje?

Kwangaphezulu konyaka ibali liqhubeka ne-golide yegolide yaseJamani. Ukuba omnye umntu akayivayo, ngoko iJamani ifuna ukuba ivela e-US naseFransi ukuba ibuyele kuyo inxalenye yamagcino. Ezi zilandelayo zigcinwa kula mazwe ngaphezulu kweminyaka elishumi. Kwaye bafika njani apho? Kwaye kutheni iUnited States ingavumi ukubuya into engafanelekiyo yabo?

Umlando

Kakade ke, amaJamani awazange athathe igolide lawo e-US. Kwiminyaka emininzi edlulileyo, nangona kwithuba lohlobo lwangemva kwempi, lathengiwe kwaye lishiya ukugcina khona. "I-Bundesbank" isacinga loo mgaqo ngokufanelekileyo. Kutheni uthabathe igolide kwiindawo ezinkulu zorhwebo? Ukuba imeko yegolide yaseGermany iyakuthengiswa ngokukhawuleza ngemali yangaphandle, iya kuba "isondele". Nantsi inkqubo enjalo. Yaye ungatsho ukuba kuphela iJamani eyanamathela kwimibono enjalo.

Ihlazo laqala njani?

Phantse kunyaka owedlule, abaphathi abaningana be-Bundestag "bangalindelekanga" bafumene apho iindawo zaseGermany zegolide, ezizi-45%, zigcinwe. Igama elithi "ngokungalindelekanga" lifakwe kumanqaku okucaphulwa, kuba ayibangeli nje ngokumangalisa, kodwa igaqa le ngcamango yokuba izapolitiko ezihlala kwizithuba eziphezulu azikazanga. Inokwenzeka ukuba, kwakuyinyathelo elincinci elijolise ekuphakanyeni okokulinganisa kwalo.

Kukho enye inguqulelo: imeko ivalwe kangangokuba kwakungeyona nto inceda ukuthula. Kubonakala ngathi le nguqulo ilungile.

Ngokubanzi, amaJamani, eneneni, unokukhathazeka malunga. Indawo yokugcina igolide yeGermany - i-3386 itoni, eyesibili enkulu kwihlabathi! Eyokuqala, eqinisweni, i-United States yaseMelika, ubukho bentsimbi exabisekileyo kwiimpahla eziye zabuzwa ngokukhawuleza.

Nika ubuncinci

Ngo-Matshi 2013, i-Bundesbank yacela i-US ukuba ingabuyi yonke indawo yokugcina igolide, kodwa ibe ngamathani angama-300 kuphela, e-Federal Reserve eNew York.

Isalathisi esisisigxina saseJamani e-US sinamathani angama-1500. Kodwa ngokwemvelo, akuzona zonke iindawo zaseGermany zegolide ezigcinwe khona. Kuyaziwa ukuba i-31% yesigcino ihlala ekhaya, kude neendawo ezinkulu zokurhweba. Olunye u-13% useBhanki yaseNgilani kunye ne-11% eBhanki yaseFransi. Ngendlela, izicwangciso zorhulumente waseJamani kude kube ngu-2020 ukubuyisela yonke igolide eParis kunye neetoni ezingama-300 zetsimbi exabisekileyo evela eUnited States. Kutheni encinane kangaka? Ngokwenene nje ngenxa yento yokuqhuba kude? Kuye kwenzeka ukuba baya kuthengisa igolide yabo kuphela eNew York naseLondon? Akunjalo.

Ingots eziphezulu

Kungekudala, elinye ibali leminyaka emva kwemfazwe lenziwe luluntu. Kuye kwavela ukuba i-batch yeengots of quality of self deliberation yabuyiswa e-USA ukuya eNgilani emva kweMfazwe yehlabathi yesibili, leyo ibhanki eziphambili zala magunya zazizi kakuhle. Amaxwebhu athobileyo abonisa ukuba igolide ayizange ihlangabezane nento ebizwa ngokuba ngumgangatho we-London quality quality supply. Ekubeni ukuhanjiswa kokugqibela kwenzelwe iJamani ngenxa yeentlawulo eziqhelekileyo, oku kwashiywa. Kwaye amaJamani, awayephikisana ngalolo xesha, athatha "igolide" engakhange athethe.

Le yinye imeko eyaziwayo. Ihlala ingummangaliso ukuba bekukho naziphi iimpahla ezinobuncinane begolide kwi-FRG, kwaye yintoni empeleni kwizixhobo zokugcina zaseJamani?

Khawukhumbule ngokukhawuleza elinye ibali ukusuka kutshanje. AmaShayina afumanise ukuba ezinye iibhanki kwihlabathi zagcina ii-ingots eziyinyumba ezenziwe nge-tungsten kunye negolide. Oko kwenzelwe ukuba kuJamani, kuhleli nje ukuba uqikelele. Kodwa ubuyele eLondon.

Ukuthumela ngaphandle

Sasicinga ukuba amaJamani aya kuthengisa igolide kwiindawo ezinkulu zokurhweba njengeLondon naseNew York. Kodwa kwaziwa ukuba ukusuka eNgilani igolide yegolide yaseJamani "yabonakala": kwakuphantse kubini i-third-thirds. Kuze kube ngama-2000, kwakukho iitoni ezili-1.5, kwaye ngo-2001 kwakukho i-550 itoni kuphela! Khumbula ukuba e-US amaJamani ayefuna ukuthatha amathani angama-300 kwiminyaka esixhenxe, kodwa apha ngonyaka nje kwakulula ukuthabatha amathani ayi-1 000? Ngaba konke malunga neendleko eziphezulu zokuthutha?

Ngendlela, ukuthunyelwa kwegolide esuka eNgilani bekuphantse "kungabikho nto", kwakungekho sikhalazo. Inomdla kukuba inqwelo yegolide ebuyele eJamani yanyanzeliswa. Kutyholwa ukuba le nto yenziwe ukwenzela ukwandisa isampuli yayo kwinqanaba le-quality supply yaseLondon. Kuyinto engaqhelekanga, kuba iyaziwa ukuba iBhanki yaseNgilani ayithathi enye yokugcina. Mhlawumbi, kwakhona ukunikezelwa kwezinto ezingapheliyo ..

I-Bubble Bubble

Kwiminyaka emininzi wonke umntu uthe uqoqosho lwase-US lujongene neengxaki ezinkulu. Amatyala angaphandle angamaMerika axhomekeke kwingxowankulu yecala, kodwa lo mbuso wehlabathi uyaqhubeka "kungekhona nje", kodwa nokulawula iipolitiki zehlabathi kunye nezemali. Iyintoni imfihlelo yale mpu melelo? Kucacile ukuba ezininzi zibophelelwe kudola. I-oyile iyathengiswa kwaye ithengwa, ngokukodwa, kuphela ngemali yabo. Kunenzuzo kakhulu kwi-US, nangona kungekudala kukho intetho yokusebenzisa ezinye iirhafu.

Omnye kunye kunye neyona nto iphela yegolide egcinwe kwigolide. Kwakhona, kuphela ngamazwi. Ngoko, ukuthintela ukuthini amagosa aseMerika ukuba ahlangabezane neemfuno zaseJamani aze abuyisele iqhekeza legolide?

Ekuqaleni amaJamani ayenqatshelwe. Emva koko iJamani yabonisa umnqweno wokuqinisekisa ukuba iindawo zaseGermany zegolide zase-United States zihambelana. Ngenxa yoko, enye yeposposi yavulwa, kodwa akukho mntu avunyelwe ngaphakathi. Kwaye akaziwa oko abahloli bamaJamani babone khona. Ngendlela, ama-5 eetoni ezixabisekileyo ezivela kwi-US zisakwazi ukubuyela. Ngokwezinye iimpapasho zesiJamani, amawaka angamawaka ama-euro asetyenziswe ekuthuthweni kwayo. Oku kubangela kwakhona ukungathandabuzeki. Ukuba ukuthutha kubiza kakhulu, ke iitoni ezili-1000, ezazibuyiselwe ngokukhawuleza eNgilani, zimele zinciphise le golide. Abaninzi baya kukhanyela ukuba kubiza kakhulu ukuqhuba ukusuka eU.SA kwaye, ngokuqinisekileyo, kubiza ngakumbi, kuba iindleko zikhuseleko ngokubanzi. Iindleko zamatye eenqwelo okanye iinqwelo-moya azinakulinganiswa.

Kodwa ubuyele kwigolide laseMelika. Kuyavela ukuba iingcali ezazibona ezi ingots zithi ziphawulwe ngo-2013. Oko kukuthi, akukho kuzo zonke ii-ingots ezamkelwe ukuba zigcinwe. Umgangatho wezo zilandelayo awukwaziwa.

Indaba edidekile

Njengoko uyazi, uqoqosho lwaseMerika (ewe, ukuthini ukuthetha, kunye nehlabathi) kusekelwe kwimali ebonakalayo (electronic). Nsuku zonke amawaka wabathengi kwi-stock exchange athengisa kwaye athenge izabelo, imali kunye nezitye ezixabisekileyo. Yaye ukuba imeko kunye neziganeko ezimbini zokugqibela zibonakaliswa ngokucacileyo, ngoko yinto ebumnyama kunye nezibophelelo. Abantu bathenga kwaye bathengise ityala, kwaye ngokweminye imithombo, ngoku baqokelelwa kwisixa esiphantsi kwamaxesha angamashumi amabini ngaphezulu kweGDP yelizwe! Yaye ukuba olunye usuku luya kufuneka luhlawule le mibopheleleko?

Lo mgaqo walandelwa ngetyala elikhulu lase-USA, ngenxa yokuba umshicileli ongekho kwilizwe. Ukulungiswa kwezenhlalakahle, urhulumente kufuneka akhokhe imali kwiqela leebhanki zabucala. Vumelana ukuba ukuboleka imali kumntu ongeke abanike, amabhanki aya kubakho ixesha. Ubuncinane ixesha elide le nto ayikwazi ukuqhubeka.

Kukho uluvo lokuba akukho negolide kwi-reserve federal yaseUnited States (kwaye le lizwe apho kugcinwa khona igolide yaseJamani!). Kwakungeniswe ityala kumatyala, okanye kuthengiswa ngenjongo yokugcina intengo yegolide kwindawo ephantsi. Ukuqinisekiswa kwisicatshulwa sokuqala ngenye inkohlakalo yokudlulileyo kwangoko.

Xa iiphelo zidibana aziguquki

Ngo-2011, enye yezona zikhuseli zegolide ezizimeleyo kwihlabathi zanyanzeliswa ukuba zidibanise ukwenzela ukuba zichongwe ngubani ophethe izityebi ezixabisekileyo ezixabisa i-$ 850 yezigidi. Kwakukho, xa kanye abanikazi abaninzi beqala ukubonisa amalungelo kwiingots ezifanayo. Okokugqibela, kukhokelela ekubambeni ukuba ngexesha leemali zokubolekisa igolide yabuyisela imali ngokuphindaphindiweyo, kwaye ngoku akunakwenzeka ukuba kunikwe umnikazi wayo wangempela. Kwaye konke oku ngaphandle kwenyaniso yokuba isitye esinqabileyo esilondoloziweyo ayixhomekeke kwimisebenzi enjalo.

Zonke iimpendulo ezinokwenzeka

Ingaba igolide yeJamani yaseGermany e-US? Umbuzo uhleli uvulekile. Ngokusemthethweni, ewe, kodwa eqinisweni ... Ngaba i-Jalimane ye-gold reserve yalahleka? Inokwenzeka ukuba, wahamba. Igolide ifakwe okanye ithengiswe. AmaMerika enza okufanayo naliphi na ibhanki, apho ubeke khona imali yakho. Masithi namhlanje ubeka imali eninzi kwi-akhawunti, kwaye ukuba uyayifuna kwakhona kwiintsuku ezimbalwa, mhlawumbi uya kunqatshelwa, uchaza ukuba kufuneka ukhangele imali. Imali yakho yafakwa kwi-circulation, umzekelo, ngokunika umntu mboleko. Kuyavuma, ibhanki kufuneka ifumane.

Kukho uluvo lokuba amaMerika abafuni ukunikela ngegolide kwiJamani, kuba bayesaba ukuba amaJamani aya kuphuma kwi-Eurozone. IJamani iya kubuyisa i-brand in circulation, ukubonelela ngegolide yayo. Emva koko, amaJamani anamaqela angaphezu kwehafu yeYurophu. I-good leash isezandleni zase-United States, akunjalo? Kukulungele ukuba nomanyano wezopolitiko kunye noqoqosho, ogunyaziso lwegolide olulawulayo ngokupheleleyo.

Imeko kuze kube yimhla

Ngokusemthethweni, amagosa aseJamani aphika ulwazi lokuba iJamani ibuyisela iindawo zegolide ezivela eMelika. Bathi iUnited States ibonakale iqabane elifanelekileyo kunye negolide laseJamani ligcinwe ngokukhululekile (ngokungafani ne-England neFransi). Kutheni ku maMerika? Kuhlala nje ukuqiqa. Bathi igolide ibeka ubunzima kwimali yabo njengendawo yokugcina. Kodwa ngaba bekungekho bhetele kumaJamani ukuba ngaba apho iindawo zaseGermany zegolide zihlala zibonelela ngemali njengeyuro?

Kodwa i-Fed ayithembekanga nakumaMerika ngokwawo. Ngoko umbuzo othi iindawo zaseGermany zegolide ezikhoyo zihlala zivulekileyo kulolu suku.