Bangakanani abacwangcisi baseRashiya naseUnited States abafumanayo?

Ukwakhiwa kweyiphi na isakhiwo ekuqaleni kuvelisa ukwakhiwa kwesicwangciso socwangciso esicacileyo. Kukuncedwa ngamathuba okuzakhela ukuba indawo ehlelekile kunye nabantu abafunekayo isisombululo sezobugcisa kunye neendlela zobugcisa zenziwa. Kule nto kucacile ukuba uqeqesho lomakhi wezakhiwo aluvumelekanga kwihlabathi lanamhlanje. Yaye unjani umakhi owamkela (eRashiya okanye ngaphandle) - lo mbuzo ukhathazekile yinkalo enkulu yeengcali ezifuna ukuthelekisa iimali zabo kunye neempatho zabalingane, okanye abantu abatsha abakhetha indlela yabo yobomi.

Ngubani umyili wezakhiwo?

Lo msebenzi ungaba nencazelo elandelayo: umakhi wezakhiwo okanye "umakhi oyintloko" yinkwenkwezi eyenza ukwakha isakhiwo kunye nokuphuhlisa izisombululo zangaphakathi. Kukho amanqaku amaninzi kule ngqiqo. Oko kukuthi, ngomqondo onqamlekileyo, umakhi womntu ngumntu:

• Ubandakanyeka ekudwebeni imidwebo yoyilo kunye namanye amaxwebhu;
• Ujongene nombutho kunye nokulungelelaniswa kophuhliso lwamaphepha eeprojekthi;
• Ulandelelwano lokuphunyezwa kweprojekthi kwizigaba.

Ukongezelela, kukho oku kulandelayo okukhethwa kuzo:

• Umyili oyiNtloko (ulawula zonke iinkqubo zokwakha kwiprojekthi);
• Umcebisi-dolophu yedolophu (isigaba esincinci kakhulu sogqirha, zonke izicwangciso zenkosi zokwakha izixeko, njl. Njl. Njalo njalo.

Yintoni umsebenzi womakhi wezakhiwo

Ukuqwalasela indima ephambili yomakhi ekwakhiweni kwendawo yesakhiwo, umntu unokugweba ukuba lo mntu ubaluleke kakhulu ekwakhiweni kwezakhiwo zokuhlala, ezithengayo kunye namaziko eofisi okanye ubugcisa bokuzakhela. Ukhokela le projekthi ukususela ekuqaleni ukuya kwisakhiwo esiphelile, esiza kunikwa kumthengi.

Kodwa akuyena wonke umntu owaziyo ukuba yintoni na owakhiwayo wokwakha:

• Ukuyila izinto zokwakha kunye nokudala imifanekiso yazo;
• Ukuthatha inxaxheba kwiintengiso;
• Ukuphuhliswa kwamaxwebhu afanelekileyo (imidwebo, imifanekiso, i-computer simulations, njl);
• Ulawulo lwenkqubo yokwakha;
• Ukumela iimfuno zomthengi kunye notyalomali;
• Sebenza kwizabelo zobugcisa;
• Ukwenza izigqibo ngaphakathi.

Ukususela kule mali yokuchitha ixesha, umsebenzi onoxanduva nokusebenza kanzima kuyacaca ukuba zinjani abacwangcisi abazitholayo. Yaye le mivuzo ayifani ncinane. Ngoko ke, abafundi abafunda kwiinkalo zobugcisa bafuna ukukhangela umsebenzi ngoqeqesho. Kwaye mhlawumbi ukuba nangona kunjalo kwiikhosi zokugqibela zaseyunivesithi, abantu abanobuchule nabanempilo baya kuba nako ukufumana amaninzi njengabaqulunqi abanamava kunye neeprojekthi ezininzi ezifezekileyo kumagxa abo.

Ingaba umsebenzi wezakhiwo zakhiwo?

Ngokuqinisekileyo, lo msebenzi ungowona owaziwayo. Kodwa iingcali ezifanelekileyo. Akukho mntu uya kuhlawula umvuzo ohloniphekileyo kumntu ongaziyo ukuba asebenze njani nemidwebo kunye namanye amaxwebhu oyilo. Okubi nakakhulu, ukuba izakhiwo ezakhiwe phantsi kweeprojekthi zeengcali, zimela ingozi kubemi bokungazinzi kwezakhiwo. Ezi projekthi zivaliwe ngaphambi kokuba ziqale.

Iinkonzo zobungcali zihlala zifuna iimibutho njengeenkampani zokwakha, iinkonzo zokuyila, abahloli belizwe kunye nee-studios zokuyila. Oku akumangalisi, kuba ngaphezu kokuyila ngokukodwa, umakhi wezolimo angakwazi ukujongana nokuhlolwa kwesakhiwo (oku ngokuqhelekileyo kwenzeka kwi-state inspection).

Ziziphi izinto ezixhomekeke kwimali yengeniso yomakhi

Lo msebenzi ungabangela umvuzo omhle weemali kuphela ngesigqibo esiphakeme somakhi. Ukongezelela, izinto ezithile ziyakwenza impembelelo yazo:

1. Iprofayili yomsebenzi. Ukuba umakhi wezakhiwo uthabatha iiprojekthi zendawo yokuhlala kunye nezakhiwo zoshishino, ngoko uya kuzuza ngokungenakuqhathaniswa ngaphezu komklami womhlaba.
2. Indawo ye shishini. Kwimimandla eyahlukeneyo kwaye imfuneko yokuba abakhi bezakhiwo bahluke, umzekelo, izixeko ezinezigidi zabantu zihlala zakha into ethile, ke kutheni abazakhi bezakhiwo bafuna khona ngaphezu kweendawo ezincinci.
3. Umbutho. Zonke iinkampani zokwakha zivavanya umsebenzi womakhi weendlela ezahlukeneyo, kwaye ngaphandle komvuzo wenyanga oqhelekileyo kukho iibhonasi kunye nomdla kwii-oda ezimiselweyo, kwaye oku kuyahlukahluka konke kwimali yezinye iifemu.
4. Amava yinto ebaluleke kakhulu kumsebenzi wezakhiwo. Ingcali ephethe iphothifoliyo enkulu kunye neyona nto iphakanyiswa kakhulu kunomntu owaziwayo nowaziyo.
5. Iprojekthi ngokwalo kunye nenjongo yalo. Ubunzima nobunzima bamandla amaninzi, ukukwazi ukujongana neengxaki ngokukhawuleza nangokufanelekileyo-oku kunokuba ngenye yezinto ezinempembelelo enkulu kwimvuzo.

Ingeniso yemyinge yabakhi beRashiya

Umsebenzi weengcali okanye oqalayo kule ntsimi uyabuxabisa kakhulu. Xa ebuzwa ukuba bangaphi abakhi bezakhiwo abafumana kwimimandla eyahlukeneyo yaseRashiya, idatha yokuhlaziya ingaphendula.

Ukuba sithatha umyinge (kubalulekile ukuba siqwalasele ngokukodwa kwimisebenzi), ngoko ingeniso yomblomelo ingaba ngama-ruble angama-30 ukuya kwe-110 ayi-ruble ngenyanga. Le yile nkcukacha ye-2016. Xa kuthelekiswa kunye neenkcukacha zeminyaka edlulileyo, kubonakala ukuba inani lemvuzo liye lancipha kancane. Oku kwenzeka ngenxa yentlekele kweli lizwe, kwaye mhlawumbi le meko iyakwazi ukuya kwinqanaba langaphambili lemali engenayo.

Abo banomdla kumbuzo wokuba ubuninzi bomakhi owakhiwa eMoscow naseSt. Petersburg baya kuthukuthela: okwangoku, umvuzo kule mimandla kuluhlu lwe-ruble ezingama-50 ukuya kuma-70. Mhlawumbi oku kubangelwa ukuxhamla kweengcali zeemarike zabasebenzi kule projekthi.

EU.SA: Ngaba kufanelekile ukuya emsebenzini?

Abaninzi bakholelwa ukuba imali engenayo ephesheya ihlala iphakamileyo kunelizwe lakho. Izibalo kumxholo ofanayo ziqinisekisa ukuqikelela kwabantu. E-Rashiya, akusayi kukwazi ukufumana ubuninzi njengoko abakhi be-United States bafumana. Umvuzo wabo kumsebenzi onzima unama-ruble amawaka angama-400 ngenyanga.

Ukongezelela, eUnited States, kunokwenzeka ukuba ufaneleke ube ngumyili wezakhiwo. Oku kuthetha ukuba umntu udlulile uvavanyo lwolwazi oluhle ngolwalathiso lwakhe, kwaye isiqinisekiso sakhe siphakeme kunabanye osebenza nabo. Ingakanani injini yinjineli? Ingeniso yengeniso yeengcali eziqhelekileyo kunye neengcali eziphakamileyo zemfundo ziyahluka, kodwa akuninzi.

Ukuba ufuna, ungafumanisa ukuba bangakanani ama-architects abafumana kwamanye amazwe. Ngokwezinye iingxelo, imivuzo yeengcali kule ndawo iyona ephezulu kwi-United Arab Emirates (malunga nama-ruble amawaka angama-700 ngenyanga). Ngoko umsebenzi womakhi wezakhiwo unzima kwaye unengxaki, kodwa inani lemali engenayo linokumangalisa kakhulu.