Isimo sengqondo sikaChatsky kwisithenjwa. Umdlalo "Yeha ku-Wit". Griboyedov

Ekwindla ka-1824, umdlalo we-satirical "Yeha eWeni" yagqitywa ekugqibeleni, okwenza i-AS Griboedov i-classic yaseRussia. Imiba emininzi kwaye igula iqwalaselwa lo msebenzi. Ijongene nenkcaso yeli "nkulungwane yeli xesha" kwi-"minyaka yexesha elidlulileyo", apho iingqungquthela zemfundo, ukukhulisana, ukuziphatha kunye nokulungiswa koorhulumente zichaphazelekayo, kunye neemeko zentlalo ephakamileyo yaseMoscow, okwakusoloko ilahlekile yonke imilinganiselo yokuziphatha kwaye iphantse ikhulelwe ngokupheleleyo Ukungaqiniseki kunye nobuxoki. Ngoku zonke izinto zithengiswa kwaye zithengwa, kunye nothando nobungane. Umbhali uGriboyedov uhlala ecinga ngale nto aze acinge ngako. I-Chatsky yindoda ebonisa ubugcisa. Into emangalisayo ngolu msebenzi kukuba amabinzana avela kuwo ayenye yezona zicatshulwa kakhulu kwiincwadi zaseRashiya.

"Yeha u-Wit". Uhlobo. Chatsky

Amanqaku amaninzi ephiko lomdlalo othi "Yeha kwi-Wit" isetyenzisiwe namhlanje kwimpilo yethu yemihla ngemihla, kodwa ngoku akukho ndawo yokubala bonke. Ekuqaleni, lo msebenzi wawunqatshelwe ngokuchaneka, kuba ukuhlaselwa komlobi kwindlela ekhoyo ye-autocracy kwintsimi yakhe, umbutho womkhosi nabanye abaninzi babonakala ngokucacileyo.

Iqhawe eliphambili - umfana omncinane onemibono eqhubela phambili - I-Chatsky yaba yintetho. Umchasi wakhe wayengumntu ovela eMoscow, ohlala kwiindawo ezizimeleyo - umntu kunye nomnini-mhlaba waseFourusov.

Isimo sengqondo sikaChatsky kwisithenjwa

Aba babini bechasene omnye nomnye ngeembono zabo kwinkqubo karhulumente. Ngokwezicatshulwa ezininzi zomsebenzi, umntu unokubonakalisa isimo sengqondo seChatsky kwi- serfdom. Kukho kuyo yonke intsingiselo ye-satire ye-satire ye-comedy eyenziwe ngu-Griboyedov. Ezi nkcazo azininzi, kodwa ziphi na izinto!

UChatsky wenyuka waya ekukhuseleni abantu abacinezelweyo waza wazibonakalisa ngeendleko zeesfowuni kakhulu ngokomzwelo kwaye ngamandla. Enye inxalenye yale nkcazo iqala ngamagama athi: "Loo Nestor uhlaselo lwabahloniphekileyo, isihlwele sabantu abakhonkxiweyo ...". Uphela ugxininisa ukuthukuthela kwe-protagonist xa kuziwa kuma-serfs.

Igama elithi "Nestor" elisetyenziselwa ekuqaleni liphathwa nje ngokuba "ngumphathi", oko kukuthi, ohloniphekileyo waseRussia, onobuntu be-serf. Ixhoba elihlazolekileyo nelithukutheleyo lisebenzela la madoda aphakamileyo ngokuthembeka, likhusela kuzo zonke iintlobo zeengxaki, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha lizisindisa ekufeni okukufuphi.

Umntu onobungozi

Ngenxa yoko, bafumana "ukubulela" ngendlela yokutshintshiselwa kwabantu abahlala kuyo - kwiintsana ze- grayreyunds. Isimo sengqondo seChatsky kwi-serfdom siyabonakala kwaye ayibi. Akafihli ukuthukuthela nokunyeliswa kwakhe, umsindo wakhe awunanomlinganiselo. Ngeli xesha, wakwazi ukuchitha iminyaka emithathu ephesheya waza wabuyela eMoscow. Kule ndlela kulandela isigqibo sokuba iChatsky ibone intlalo ehlukeneyo kunye nezixhobo zaseburhulumenteni ezingenayo inyoka. Wayecaphukiswa ngabantu bakhe nangenxa yobume obuvulekileyo obukho e-Russia ngenkulungwane ye-19.

Ubuntu obuzimeleyo

Kukho enye yeengxelo zakhe ezilandelelwano oludlulileyo, kwaye zandile njengaye: "Okanye lowo, ngenxa yeefayili, uye waqhubela ibhanti yeenqaba kwiinqwelo ezininzi ...". Ngako oko kubonakala ukuba amaxesha amaninzi ama-serfs asetyenziselwa ukuzonwabisa, ukuzonwabisa okanye ukumangaliswa kweendwendwe kunye nabahlobo. UChatsky ukhumbula omnye umntu ohloniphekileyo (umfanekiso oqokeleleneyo), owadala ibhalti apho abantu base-serf bathatha inxaxheba. KuChatsky lo ngumzekelo owonakalisayo wokuxhaphazwa kwabantu abaphilileyo njengamatampu angaphiliyo. Kodwa inkathazo yonke kukuba xa umninimfuno ayimfuneko, wabanika iifesti njengetyala.

Intetho yokuqala kaChatsky ibonakalisa kwaye inzima, kwaye okwesibini iqulethe imvakalelo yabantu abahluphekileyo.

Kwakhona kunomdla wokuba isimo sengqondo sikaChatsky kwisitfombe asichazi ukuhlaselwa ngqo kwi-Famusov. Kodwa oku akuyi kudala ukungathandabuzi malunga neembono zeqhawe, kuba ungumntu oyinyaniso yembono yokuzikhethela inkululeko. UChatsky unqwenela ngokunyanisekileyo ukuphumelela ezweni lakubo, ulahlekisa umsebenzi wokuzikhangela kwaye uqaphele, uyalahla yonke imilinganiselo ephesheya kwaye ukholelwa ukuba abantu bafanele bahlonishwe kwaye baxabiswe kungekhona kwinani labase-serfs, kodwa ngenxa yeempawu zakhe.