Isifo marek xa iinkuku: iimpawu, unyango, ifoto. Le lugonyo nesifo Marek kaThixo

Wonke umntu uyazi ukuba iingxaki zempilo kusenokungabikho kubantu kuphela kodwa izilwanyana. Abalimi abakhetha ukuqala iinkuku nokuzalela, kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuba zingaba semngciphekweni zizifo ezahlukahlukeneyo. Ngoko kuyimfuneko ukuba zilandele ngqo onke amanyathelo afunekayo zothintelo, yaye kwimeko iingxaki - ixesha uzilungise.

Eli nqaku liza kuthetha ngale ukugula sifo Marek xa iinkuku. Cinga iimpawu zalo ziphambili, iintlobo, iindlela zothintelo kunye nonyango.

ulwazi ngokubanzi malunga nesifo

Esi sifo kusisiphumo ngokoyiswa iintaka iiseli zomzimba kwaye sisifo yayiyazi wentsholongwane egazini. Kulo mzekelo, inkukhu ngokwayo ngexesha yosulelo kwaye usulelo iba umthengisi, ukuba onke amanyathelo ayimfuneko baya kuthatyathwa, isenokubosulela abanye.

Le ntsholongwane engena umzimba iintaka nje kuphela, kodwa ime phandle kwi-bume: ukutya, zanjengeentsiba zamaxhalanga, uthuli njalo njalo - zonke basulelwe kangangexesha elide igcina iipropati yayo ebulalayo. Ngokomzekelo, xa amaqondo obushushu + 20-25 izidanga intsholongwane ihlala isebenza kwiinyanga ezimbalwa, kwaye kubushushu ukuya ku +4 degrees - iminyaka embalwa.

Into kuphela ukuba ingaba ubuncinane iindaba ezimnandi kulo meko - arhente silwe ubulawa kunye kwinqanaba eliphezulu ukufuma. Oku kuthetha ukuba mhlawumbi akuyi esizalwa ukusuka hen ukuya phuphu.

Ezibangela isifo

Oko kwenza ukuba esi sifo, ogama emva Isazinzulu Marek? Isifo kubonakala ngenxa ngokoyiswa lentaka DNA yintsholongwane, leyo ibizwa ngokuba "herpes". Uphazamisane inkqubo ukuyilwa izilwa lwaze umsebenzi interferonicheskoy ezahlukeneyo.

Njengoko kukhankanyiwe ngasentla, i-arhente causative esi sifo angaphila kokusingqongileyo kwisithuba sonyaka omnye.

Iindlela zosulelo

isifo marek kaThixo (intaka ekhaya, athe rhoqo) ibandakanya ukungcoliswa ngamathontsi emoyeni (i emoyeni) nge. Umdlali ophethe ephambili wosuleleko wonzakele inkuku, emoyeni intsholongwane kokusingqongileyo. Oku kwenzeka ngokusebenzisa iphecana bokuphefumla ngokusebenzisa wokugaya okanye ulusu kunye iintsiba zoboya.

Ngenxa yoko, isifo Marek kaThixo zinokusasazwa nge-aseleyo iintaka iintsiba, phantsi, ukutya, amanzi, uthuli okanye twa zizinambuzane.

okuthatha

Xa lokuqala sifo, akukho iimpawu ezithile. Inkangeleko le ngxaki ukuze okusolwayo kuphela ikama isiyezi, ukutyhafa nokudinwa intaka, iqinelwa nemvelo okanye xa uthandaza. Ukongeza, inkukhu angaqala ukubonisa inkxalabo. Ukuba isifo sichaphazele inani elikhulu labantu, kukho amathuba ingenzeka theka phakathi iintaka, nto leyo eya kubandakanya ilahleko ubunzima kakhulu emzimbeni.

Emva kokuba okuthatha, elinokuthatha ukusuka iiveki ezi-2 ukuya ku-15, isifo Marek xa iinkuku siqala ukuvela ucaca ngakumbi.

Ifom nokoyika sisifo Marek kunye neempawu zayo

Kuba uhlobo nokoyika esi sifo luphawulwa ukwehla kobunzima, ukudinwa, ukungabi namdla, ukukhubazeka kunye paresis, ingxelo ezingachanekanga zomzimba (intloko, imilenze, umsila, namaphiko), iingxaki ekugayeni. Ukuba intsholongwane ahlaselwa iliso ntaka, usongela lwelahleko yayo ngokukhawuleza kakhulu umbono.

Kuba uhlobo etsolo iphawulwa ukuhamba ngokukhawuleza isithuba sokukhulisa, yaye ngoko nangoko esi sifo. Njengomgaqo, inkukhu ubulawa phakathi kweminyaka iinyanga-1 ukuya ku-5.

Ifom nokoyika esi sifo efana kakhulu wegazi, yaye emva kokufa iintaka kubalulekile ukugqithisa umzimba wakhe elebhu zoviwo kunye ukuxilongwa.

Ifom classical sifo Marek kunye neempawu zayo

Kukho uhlobo ezaziwa ingxaki ezifana nesifo Marek kaThixo. Iimpawu kulo mzekelo zezi zilandelayo: iris utshintsha umbala walo bamantshontsho okanye ingwevu, umfundi uba kwe-emile okanye imilo polyhedral, umsila namaphiko Alenga, intamo ejijekileyo, le ntaka uqala ukujingxela.

Ezi nguqu zinxulunyaniswa umonakalo luvo, nto leyo eyabangela ukushwabana umzimba wonke okanye ezinye iinxalenye zayo.

Ixesha elisuke ifomu wezinto sifo kuhlala phakathi kweenyanga 2-3. Chicken efa abaneminyaka iinyanga ezi-5 ukuya kwali-16.

Ukuze sinengcamango kwi ukutshintsha indlela iliso yentaka xa kufunyaniswa isifo, "isifo Marek kaThixo", eliboniswe ngezantsi abe ngumzekelo omhle.

Njengoko ubona, kunzima kakhulu ukuba ukudida esi sifo kunye nayiphi na enye.

neenguqulelo

Kudla kukho iimeko xa amantshontsho lulama, yaye emva kwexesha elithile (malunga 2-6 iiveki) kunjalo ukufa.

Oku kungenxa yokuba nesifo Marek kukaThixo nayo sikhatshwe utshintsho izibilini zeentaka. Ukuba ukubonakala kuphela emva kokufa kunye asike lenkukhu. Baya kuvela nakujoliso olutsha ezininzi yamathumba kwi ilungu elithile. Amaninzi kuchaphazela intliziyo, isisu, isibindi, imiphunga, izintso, injeke, amaqanda kunye namasende, Bursa ka Fabricius, imithambo-luvo ye-plexus brachial, isikhumba.

Ifom nokoyika esi sifo sichaphazela inxalenye enye okanye ngaphezulu emzimbeni, nto leyo ekhokelela ekufeni zeentaka.

Ngaloo ndlela isibindi kunye udakada lidla banzi zahluke umphezulu benqumla okanye kwamagingxi ziquka focal okanye kuyenye maqhuqhuva izimvi kwalo.

lokufunyaniswa kwesifo

isifo marek kaThixo ngaphande bokuba ezizodwa. Ukulungiselela le njongo, kukho kuthunyelwa izidumbu zithe zafa.

Ukuze ikwazi ukubonisa ngokuchanekileyo unobangela wokufa enikwa moshilongo ngokukhawuleza, nto leyo ibandakanya zokwenza uvavanyo zebhayoloji phezu iinkuku, imibungu intshontsho, zePCR cell inkcubeko. Ke ukuba iimvavanyo ze-serological, esebenzisa RNF, RDP, Riga.

Kwakhona kufuneka uphethwe umahluko, nto leyo inceda ngaphandle ubukho hypovitaminosis B no-C, wegazi, encephalomyelitis wentsholongwane egazini.

isifo marek xa iinkuku: Ukunyangwa

Ingaba zikhona iindlela ukuphelisa le ngxaki? Ngelishwa, unyango lwesifo Marek yeyona kakhulu kunqabile olusebenzayo ngenxa nezixhobo ezizodwa eziya kunceda litshitshiswe sifo, nje ayikho. Therapy ibandakanya ukusetyenziswa kweziyobisi standard antiviral, kodwa ngenene ukufa nangoku phezulu ngokwaneleyo. Umzekelo, maleko bafela-50% yamatyala. Kuyaphawuleka ukuba iinkuku zenyama kusinda kaninzi - malunga ne-90% amatyala.

Ukuba intaka ibetheke zizihlunu, amathuba zayo nokuchacha basondele zero.

Kungenxa yoko le nto ugonyo ezikhethekileyo nezifo Marek iye yaphuhliswa eziya kunceda kuvelisa okukwazi ukulwa intsholongwane ukukhusela nentaka. Makhe sithethe ngale zolwimi ngokunzulu.

Ugonyo nezifo Marek kaThixo

Kufuneka uqale nesibakala sokuba gonyo kufuneka ube uchwepheshe abaqeqeshiweyo (zokuvavanywa) kuphela. Ngokuzimeleyo kube nzima.

Kubalulekile ukuthatha ingqalelo into yokuba esi sifo ezifunyenwe ongenakuwelwa ukusuka hen ukuya phuphu. Ngoko ke, kunyanzelekile ukuba ukugonya zonke isizukulwana zeentaka.

Njengomgaqo, iinkuku bagonywe kusetyenziswa ugonyo oluyi-live, equlethe kumafa yalo i uhlobo okuncitshiswe le ntsholongwane. young okukwazi umzimba ngokulula ukumelana nayo kwaye ngenxa yoko, eyenziwe ngakumbi sifo kuyo, nto leyo iya kuhlala injalo de kwasekupheleni kobomi.

Ukuze ube kakhulu ngempumelelo kucetyiswa ukuba agonye inkuku sele ngemihla yokuqala yobomi bakhe. Emva kwale nkqubo liphindwe kwiiveki ezimbini kamva (ngosuku lweshumi elinesihlanu).

Cinga isishwankathelo yamathathu amachiza ezaziwayo-kakuhle eziya kusinceda siphephe loo iimbandezelo ezinjengezifo Marek kaThixo.

"Vaksitek HVT + IBD» (Vaxxiek HVT + IBD)

A lokugonya ifumaneka ezithengiswayo ngohlobo lokunqunyanyiswa zibambene. Oku Fonts 1000, 2000 okanye 4000 amathamo e ampoules iglasi ml-2. Bonke bephela njo enemilenze ezikhethekileyo yaye zibekwe igutyana Dewar ne-nitrogen engamanzi, leyo (ngokwemiyalelo) kufuneka uthutho kunye nokugcinwa amayeza. kweziyobisi esilungiselelwe unyango lwesifo Marek kunye nesifo Gumboro in iinkuku.

Le mveliso iqulethe kumafa yayo;

• iseli fibroblast inkcubeko SPF iimbumba chicken, leyo yintsholongwane amayeza, Turkey herpes;
• dimethylsulfoxide (cryoprotectant).

Phambi ukusebenzisa, lokugonya kufuneka exutywe nge "Merial" inkampani ezizodwa kunye nesisombululo ngokwemiyalelo azifakwanga.

Iindlela ikhuthaza ukuyilwa okukwazi ukulwa nesifo Marek emva kokuba ukusetyenziswa enye. Le nguqu ke kulo lonke ubomi lentaka.

Ubude bethuba lokusetyenziswa kwe ichiza, ngokuxhomekeke kuzo zonke izithuthi eziyimfuneko kunye nokugcinwa amanyathelo yiminyaka-3 (iinyanga 36). Ngokutsho ukusetyenziswa ekupheleni kwemali akuvumelekanga.

Ichiza kuxhomekeke ekubeni ukulahlwa ngoko nangoko kwiimeko apho:

• ampoule on gonyo ayifani;
• yobunzima okanye uphawu ingqibelelo ligxojiwe;
• imixholo iza kutshintsha umbala okanye texture;
• ishq Wabonakala igutyana okanye xa kukho ubumdaka;
• Isitofu zinyibilikisiwe yaye akazange ke isetyenziswe kwisithuba seyure emva sisombululo ukuxutywa.

Kweentsholongwane lwendlela inikeza ebila unyango okanye chloramine-5% ne-2% isisombululo yayo kwealkali kwi umlinganiselo 1: 1 ngexesha iyure.

"Mareks Rispens + HVT» (Marek kaThixo Rispens + HVT)

Eli chiza igcwele 1000 okanye 2000 iingedosi, yaye ngowe-2 ml ampoules. Njengokuba kunjalo odlulileyo, i-arhente ithuthwa kugcinwe Dewar ezele nitrogen engamanzi. Iqondo lobushushu kufuneka degrees -196.

Amalungiselelo ibandakanya:

• Culture SPF chicken iimbumba fibroblasts leyo wosulelwe ngulo herpes intsholongwane iikalakuni kunye nesifo Marek kaThixo;
• inkomo serum (somfanekiso);
• dimethylsulfoxide (cryoprotectant).

Emva ukusetyenziswa omzimba kwi iinkuku isitofu luqokelelane ngosuku lwesithandathu ezingisa de kwasekupheleni ukusetyenziswa kwayo imveliso.

Eli chiza akukho amayeza kwaye akuyongozi kwaphela.

Iindlela kufuneka zilahlwe meko efanayo, ethe yachazwa ucinga "Vaksitek" sokugonya.

"Rispens CVI-988» (Rispens CVI-988)

Isixhobo iyafumaneka ezithengiswayo ngohlobo lokunqunyanyiswa zibambene. Kumafa waso iqulethe:

• SPF imibungu cell chicken fibroblast ukuba basulelwe kunye nesifo Marek kaThixo;
• inkomo serum (omele somfanekiso);
• dimethylsulfoxide (cryoprotectant).

Ukuqulunqwa ukuze wapakisha ezineengqayi 1000 okanye 2000 kwaye igcinwe kwitanki nitrogen engamanzi (Dewar isitya) kwi -196 degrees Celsius.

Omzimba ngemva isitofu ukhandwa iiyure 7-14 kwaye sihlala kuyo ubomi lentaka.

Iindlela zokuthintela izifo Marek kaThixo

Uthintelo esi sifo kwindawo yokuqala ukuba sifeze ekugonyweni, leyo luxoxwe kumacandelo angaphambili ale nqaku.

Ukongeza, kufuneka ulandele imigaqo ezimbalwa ezilula.

1. Lungiselela ukwahlulwa iinkuku ngamaqela ubudala. ingqalelo eyodwa Kubalulekile ukunika amantshontsho ngemihla yabo yokuqala yobomi.
2. Athobele imithetho yempilo yezilwanyana kwi henhouse, kunye lihlathi.
3. Ukuba ukrokrela ukuba ukubonakala sifo iinkuku ekukrokrelwa abantu kufuneka ngoko nangoko zabulawa ze zitshatyalaliswe. Oku kuya kukunceda ukuba uphephe yokosulelwa kwezinye iintaka.
4. Njengoko ubona, amanyathelo othintelo ulula kuyilo. Noko ke, ukuphunyezwa akayi kuvumela ukuvela isifo kwaye silondoloze impilo kwifama intaka.

Ngamafuphi

Alithandabuzeki elokuba, isifo Marek yingxaki enkulu kakhulu kumafama zeenkukhu. Izifo luchaphazela amantshontsho kunye noonobangela ukungaboni, ukukhubazeka, paresis kunye nokufa. Enye into, nto leyo ebangela kubenzima kakhulu le meko - indlela yokunyanga isifo sele nangoku sele kwemoto, kwaye unyango kwamachiza anti-ukudumba iye ukusebenza phantsi, nkqu kwinqanaba lokuqala. Abalimi Into kuphela ukuthatha ukulondoloza impilo kunye nobomi amantshontsho kwifama - ukwenza ugonyo kwangethuba kwaye ulandele imigaqo elula yothintelo.