Interesting izibakala nobomi Zhukovsky. Ubomi Nemisebenzi of Vasiliya Andreevicha Zhukovskogo

Vasiliy Andreevich Zhukovsky - umntu odlamkileyo, waphumelela kwizinto ezininzi. Izibakala eziphambili umdla nobomi Zhukovsky kuxhomekeke yokuba uye waba ezaziwayo-kakuhle imbongi, umguquleli kunye nenkundla umcebisi befanelekile. Wakwazi ukuqonda izimvo zabo zobugcisa kwi iibhaladi kunye iingoma, imibongo kunye iinguqulelo. Ukususela ebuntwaneni ke umnqweno kwacaca ukuba ubuhle, leyo Vasily akazange mathidala ukuzisa ebomini. Ngenxa yoko, ngoku kufuneka ithuba lokuba bafunde imibongo ka Zhukovsky.

Origin Zhukovsky

VA Zhukovsky wakhuliswa uyise wakhe, ngenxa yokuba uvela unyana wala. Kwathi ngenxa yokuba Basil wazalelwa ngaphandle komtshato ngu Athanasius Ivanovich Bunin (ukhokho imbongi Russian kunye nombhali Ivan Bunin) kunye nomfazi Turkish abathinjiweyo Salhi. Waziswa eRashiya emva singqingiwe njalo ke Turkish inqaba Bendery. Salha wabhaptizwa waza wanikwa igama Elizabeth Orthodox. Wathabatha izibiliboco ukuze umnini-mhlaba. Ukususela ngoFebruwari 9 (New Style) 1783 wabonakala Basil, kodwa inkwenkwe wanikwa igama mhlaba Zhukovsky, owayephila inceba Bunin. Bunin wakhuliswa, unyana nabantwana bakhe esemthethweni. Ndimele ndithi A. I. Bunin waqinisekisa ukuba unyana wakhe ufumene liqhawe, kwaye Noko ke, ukususela ebuntwaneni lirekhode inkonzo yakhe yasemkhosini, ungumntu wasentsomini. Ngenxa yoko, xa wayeneminyaka emithandathu lo mfana waba Lieutenant yaye ingqalelo umnumzana. Kodwa ukuthanda Afanasiy Bunin unyana ongumgqakhwe engakhankanywanga, eshiya ilifa abantwana esemthethweni.

I- Ubuntu umdla imbongi?

V. A. Zhukovskogo ngokwenene inani ebalulekileyo kwimbali kwimibongo Russian. Ngenxa yeempembelelo yi iingcamango kwiimbongi Koloni kunye ababhali Vasily ukudala imisebenzi yabo, ezele ukholo nekamva eliqaqambileyo ebantwini, kulo ukuba ube bakhanyiselwa, elizimeleyo. Kwindinyana wayesebenzisa imifanekiso zothando apho nokuba ubonisa ngokucacileyo ingcamango ukuzimela, nomzabalazo eziqulethwe ephakamileyo kukulunga, ubuhle, nocwangco.

Ngoko ke kwabonakala iindinyana yokuqala Zhukovsky - "Rural Amangcwaba", "Singer enkampini ngamajoni Russian", "noMlawuli Alexander." Ngamnye kubo - ubizo uxolo, imvisiswano, isibheno nemvelo, uxolo nenzolo. Zhukovsky Uyakuthanda ukucinga ubuhle aphembelela ngayo, ezama ukonwabela uhlobo kunye nomfundi. Ngoko ke, kusoloko nomdla kwicala elingaphakathi ubomi babantu. Yena kude kwipolitiki, iimfazwe kunye nomzabalazo kwezentlalo. Oku ukuze sikwazi ukubona oko kwi 'izibongo, "imibongo," Ku Batyushkov "," benemfundo "kunye nabanye.

Bambalwa abantu abaziyo ukuba Zhukovsky nguye umbhali wezintlu 'ubuhle olunyulu ". Emva kokuba Pushkin ngokuphindaphindiweyo.

Zhukovsky Uphawu

Ngokubhalisa kwi Noble ehostele School, waba yindoda kuluntu yoncwadi, wayengusihlalo walo. Umsebenzi ekuhlaleni yaququzelelwa, onke amaqela Bakhokelwa lo mnqophiso. Ngoko ke, lo mntu imbongi kunye nokukwazi semvelo ukuqhuba ebangela, ebonisa iziphiwo zabo. Mhlawumbi ezi mpawu ukuba Zhukovsky (imbongi) yaba utitshala ka-Alexander II.

imithombo ezininzi zithi Vasily wayengumfundisi elungileyo nje kuphela, kodwa umcebisi enkundleni. amaxesha amaninzi wawahlangula iimbongi abathinjiweyo, ingakumbi A. S. Pushkina, lonto ingachaphazela indlela imbono soMhlekazi ngoku, ukunciphisa isigwebo, T. E. Zhukovskomu ezendeleyo isipho ozakuzo.

Kuba umphefumlo zothando wembongi ubukrwada uncharacteristic. Ngokwahlukileyo koko, ukususela ebuntwaneni wayebalasele ziimvakalelo, wayekhawuleza and sensitive. I saba umbutho entle yokomoya, yaye zonke amava ihlatyiwe kakhulu. Imihobe kunye iinguqulelo ziye zanceda ukuvakalisa iimvakalelo kunye neentlungu ezifunyanwa imbongi, yaye abafundi aphefumlelwa epithets ecacileyo ngamafuphi, amabinzana ezintle ukuba uvuse umnqweno ukuze baphile. Zhukovsky Imbongi msebenzi yakhe yokudala lwenzeka.

Indima Zhukovsky ngelo kwinkundla yakomkhulu

Ezimbalwa iimbongi nababhali liyi yimpembelelo enkulu enkundleni. Ngokuqhelekileyo iimbongi nyanya amagama amakhulu kwindinyana elubhacweni okanye abulawe, kodwa Zhukovsky wakwazi ukuba ndimaphule intliziyo zethu, yaye amaxesha amaninzi wawahlangula iimbongi abathinjiweyo, wanceda A. S. Pushkinu, serf Imbongi Shevchenko. Ngenxa kuye, Decembrists Ndithunywe ukuya itheko, waza wathunyelwa eSiberia. Kuba nomphumela kufuna italente, yaye Zhukovsky, ngokuqinisekileyo wayekuko. Kungenjalo, ubomi Vasiliya Andreevicha Zhukovskogo akasayi kuhla kwimbali. Izibakala zibonisa ukuba ayinonophele njani nzulu ngokoluvo abameli ubukhosi imbongi yakomkhulu.

Zhukovsky iminyaka yobomi zaye benamandla ingcamango imfundo, ngokutsho apho, yaye uba ilingane nakumphambukeli, Russian. Kodwa ke Russian ke, nanje wembongi, kuba yinzuzo enkulu iLizwe loobawo, kunokuba umntu ongamaziyo. Imibutho yabasebenzi iza kwenza ngaphandle yokuzingca, kunokuba uthando Russia, umntu yayo efanayo kuya kufuna ukunceda looMawokhulu kuse ekupheleni. Lilele amandla kunye namandla iLizwe loobawo, apho indima edlalwe yi-nkqubo kakumkani.

ubomi Personal wembongi

Basil Afanasievich indoda akukho manenekazi '. Love Okokuqala wayefike eneminyaka eyi 22 endlwini wodade wabo nguyise wakhe, Ekateriny Protasovoy. Intombi yakhe ingqondo Ngelo xesha wayeneminyaka engama-12 ubudala, waba umfundi Zhukovsky. Emva kweminyaka esi-7 Basil woo i Protassova ingqondo. Kodwa wafumana ukusilela nzima nje unina uCatherine wayesithi uMariya - nomtshana Basil.

ubomi Personal Zhukovsky waqalisa eneminyaka engama-58 ubudala xa waya eJamani, wathatha intombi umhlobo wakhe, umzobi Reitern, Aprili 21, 1841 Imbongi abezingcwalisile Umbongo wakhe "Elizabeth Reitern", nto leyo wakhululwa ngowe-1840 kulindixesha "Musical nezakwamanye Gazette ". Elizabeth ngelo xesha engama-19 ubudala. Ukusuka umtshato unyana uPawulos intombi Alexandra. Kwiminyaka embalwa Zhukovsky wakha ingcamango abuyele kwilizwe lakhe, kodwa iphazamisa yokugula nomfazi wakhe.

Bobabini bahlala kangangeminyaka eli-15.

Ngo-Epreli 1852 kwidolophu German ka Baden-Baden, ubomi imbongi wakhawuleza wachacha.

Ngowe ngo1856, uElizabeth wafa Zhukovskaya.

Zhukovsky in bulo

olunika umdla nobomi Zhukovsky ukunika memoirs bexesha. ngoko ke ngeempawu memoirs zabo antsonkothileyo. Abanye bona njengento ubuntu cwaka kwaye qembu, abanye bathi ukuba Zhukovsky - umphefumlo yenkampani. Kunzima ukuba ndigwebe, ngoko, sikholose nkqo.

Xa yakhe, ikhamera-iphepha kaMaria Feodorovna Zhukovsky "baziphethe cwaka", akazange wathandaza igama elinye in Russian. Kodwa abaninzi uthande iincoko simbona kwimixholo abstract ukuba nesiphumo imibongo ngokupheleleyo imifanekiso zothando, ezifana "Ingxelo eneenkcukacha kwi inyanga." Ngoko ke akukho ngozi memoirs ezininzi ibonisa umfanekiso Zhukovsky was imibongo. Kuwo ibonakala "izazi", "imbalasane yombalisi", "imvumi ngamajoni Russian", "yobuKristu." Leyo igama wembongi abahlobo, izalamane kunye nabantu nto ingako ngayo.

Nditsho kubomi bemihla ngemihla ukunxibelelana naye abantu babona Vasilii Andreeviche isikakhulu yimbongi. Ngokufutshane malunga Zhukovsky uthe AD Bludova: "Incoko kunye naye, baphakame efanayo ... enxibe nangokuvulelekileyo phantse eyimfihlakalo buqapheleke njengoko nemifanekiso yakhe yothando." Noko ke, kwabanye abantu, sifunda iimpawu ezahlukeneyo kakhulu. Xa memoirs labahlobo abasondeleleneyo F. F. Vigelya, A. S. Pushkina, P. A. Vyazemskogo ubomi kunye nomsebenzi Zhukovsky khangela ezahlukeneyo. It esijongana nawo kunye umfanekiselo joker, joker, "lixoki funny kunye nobuhlakani."

Ngenxa yoko, hero yethu ihlanganisa inkangeleko ezimbini nokuchasanisa. Yena ezahlukene esizibonakalisa kubomi bemihla ngemihla kulo msebenzi, kodwa loo nto ikuvumela ukuba ukudala lo mfanekiso kakhulu ngokwenene. Ukuzimisela ecaleni ukuya lumo, uburharha - ubiza ukuba ophilayo ivumelane ne olilungisa.

enye imboniselo

olunika umdla nobomi Zhukovsky kuvela xa sifunda memoirs AO Smirnova-Rosset, ofundileyo, mfazi unesiphiwo zoncwadi. Yena lujolise ntsho yakhe phezu Zhukovsky ngemihla, yaye ngoko incazelo yayo imbongi kuthatha intsingiselo yonke eyahlukileyo. Vasily abe namasu, uthanda kancinane, Ndimsulwa, uhlobo, ahlekisayo, abanyanisekileyo, iziqhulo kunye neziqhulo zomntwana onothando.

Kule zokuzilungisa boncwadi ayikho ngaphandle V. A. Zhukovskogo, kuba bona kuye abazithembileyo iinjongo zakhe ngayo indoda ngumsunguli kubugcisa boncwadi. Ngeenxa zonke imisebenzi yakhe ngamaxesha kwanokubuyisela impikiswano eshushu, nto leyo ethetha ukuba ibe phakathi abafundi kunye iintshaba wanoburhalarhume. Kodwa Zhukovsky kwabonakala ingxoxo eqhoshayo edlamkileyo mpikiswano. Yena wayebukele nabo ngakwicala, cwaka. Ngaloo mathuba, amazwi umbhali ngokwakhe, wafumana indawo yokusabela kwimibongo, "nto leyo ezimeleyo kwabagwebi kakuhle elifutshane kunye nomxholo ngokwalo."

Xa yakhe, esuke umhlobo A. S. Pushkina Zhukovsky uya umhlobo oluthembekileyo, othembekileyo, nomonde yaye uthi: ". Amadabi kunye ubunzima womdlali ongaqhelekanga"

isimo esiveza

Ezinye iinyani ezinika umdla nobomi Zhukovsky zichaza ngaye, umntu onesisa uhlobo. memoirs abaninzi babhiyozele ukuzithoba kwakhe, kodwa ukuqonda ngcono umfanekiso walo kunceda icala elinye. Ngowe-1840, abahlobo Zhukovsky wagqiba kwelokuba bamnike sasemini, nto leyo efuna ukuza unjingalwazi abadala. Imbongi wala ukumbona kuluhlu guest, kuba wayefunda bacule bakhe laudatory kunye nezigqibo ze Vasily ngokwakhe. Gcwalisa nabantu udumo kunye mzobi umbhali luphawu njengoko yokomoya, ukuzichaza kwangoku.

Ubomi kunye nomsebenzi Zhukovsky zibonisa ukuba namava amahla ndinyuka, kodwa ngaphambi kokuphela imihla yakhe wahlala enyanisekile iinjongo zakhe. Yena akazange unochuku, A. ngoko thaca S. Pushkinu umzobo ngamazwi 'winner umfundi ukusuka kutitshala isiphukuphuku ".

Ngenye imini frosty Zhukovsky wabona umngqibi ecaleni kwendlela ngeenyawo zaqina. Yena unika kuye engange 110 (isixa omkhulu ngaloo mihla; ngokuba uthelekisa, isidlo entle yokutyela kuxabisa 10 cents). Ngosuku olulandelayo, lo isisiqhwala ka Zhukovsky imiyalelo wasiwa esibhedlele yaye banyangwa simahla.

Yeyiphi sayofika imbongi?

• Yaba nguye lowo yaqulunqa Romanticism Russian, negalelo kokuhluma yayo ubuchule babo. Ukuguqulela imisebenzi baseYurophu, imbongi yaphefumlelwa ziingcamango Western kwaye bazama ukubangenisa kulo ubomi babantu Russian, kodwa wenza ngokwezozakuzo, uphambuke izivakalisi aqatha nguRhulumente, kwaye oku kuye kwamenza uthando yezikhulu zabalawuli. Kamva izimvo zothando yaphuhliswa imisebenzi kunye nezinye iimbongi Russian. Ngokukodwa, A. S. Pushkin yayisekelwe umsebenzi Zhukovsky, imbeko kuyo nokudumisa italente yakhe.
• Ngenxa Ngoncedo Zhukovsky njengoko ngungqondongqondo, Siyazazi imisebenzi ezininzi A. S. Pushkina, ingakumbi kumbongo "Ruslan kunye Lyudmila" na. Alexander - yingqondi uncwadi kwenkulungwane ye-19 - nako ukubhala ngaphezulu ngaphandle ukufunda izicatshulwa Okunye Zhukovsky, yaye kuphela emva kokuba uhlolo lwe baqhubeka ukudala.
• Njengoko waza loMlawuli Alexander II, Zhukovsky bamfundisa ukucinga ezinkulu, sithembele iingcamango baseNtshona, ukutyala uthando kangako ukuthanda kakumkani kunye nolwazi. Ngesi umthetho, Alexander II, serfdom wabhangiswa ngowe-1861.
• Ubuchule Vasily evunywe izizukulwana ezininzi abafundi kwaye ihlala idumile unanamhla. I memory of nto ukhunjulwa.

Zhukovsky Uluhlu lwamagama

Zhukovsky iminyaka yobomi ashiye uphawu lwawo. Inzala Kwadlula imibongo emininzi, iinguqulelo, amanqaku zoncwadi eziphalaza ukukhanya phezu iziganeko elidlulileyo, oko uxwebhu yembali, eyapapashwa namhlanje, nto leyo ethetha ubuchule Vasily umdla kuthi.

Zhukovsky - umbhali elegies 6: ". Singer enkampini yamajoni Russian" "Amangcwaba Rural", "benemfundo", "ulwandle", "ngokuhlwa", "Xa ukufa ...",

Wabhala ingoma "Ring Maiden umphefumlo" nelithi "Turgenev, eziphendula kwileta yakhe, 'ingoma, idylls kunye bacule. Wabhala umhobe yokuqala Russian wesizwe "Umthandazo Russian."

Ukusuka usiba yakhe sentsomi "Sleeping Nkosazana", "I Tale of Tsar Berende", "I Tale of Ivan Tsarevich kunye Grey Ngcuka," "ububovu oxwesileyo."

Umbhali iibhaladi 12 - "USvetlana", "uKumkani Wehlathi", "Knight Togenburg" kunye nabanye. umsebenzi wakhe iprozi - inoveli "Marina Grove". Ukubhala amanqaku, imibongo, ndinyana, imibongo. Goethe wenza transfers ngokuzithandela, Schiller, Byron, Scott.

Zhukovsky kwaba draftsman elungileyo kwaye ushiye imizobo ezininzi ezinomdla ngepensile.

biography emfutshane imbongi

02.09.1783 - ukuzalwa Vasiliya Zhukovskogo.

Ka1789 - Ukufumana yezikhulu.

1797-1801 gg. - uqeqesho esikolweni esinaleni, nebisebenza eYunivesithi Moscow.

1802 - bt ibe yimbongi ngumguquleli. Xa "Journal of Europe" lapapasha lo mbongo "Amangcwaba Rural" - translation simahla imisebenzi le IsiNgesi imbongi ka Grey. Ubomi okudala Zhukovsky waqhubeka de umphefumlo wakhe wokugqibela.

Of 1808-1809. - umhleli we "Messenger of Europe".

1812 - Vasily Zhukovsky waphuma umkhosi wamajoni. Ungqinile ukuba ngaphandle ubukho emhlabeni akakwazi ukubhala imibongo baze bacule iimvakalelo ubuzwe. Kufuneka ukuba iimvakalelo zabantu. Kungenjalo, kule ndinyana musani ukuholwa.

1815 - bamenyelwe kwinkonzo senkundla. Ukongezelela kwezinye imisebenzi, wakhonza umbalisi uKumkanikazi Maria Feodorovna.

1817 - amiselwe ukufundisa ulwimi Russian inkosazana Charlotte.

1825 - wamisa Umfundisi Alexander II.

1841 - Zhukovsky yokurhoxa ukusuka ebhodini ukuze ubomi engange 4000 ngonyaka ngamnye. Kumtshato wembongi. Ukuya ku Germany.

24.04.1852 isixeko - ukufa wembongi. Ingcwaba V. A. Zhukovskogo ibekwe eSt Petersburg, kumangcwaba ye-Alexander Nevsky Lavra. Le ebekwe ecaleni engcwabeni N. M. Karamzina - utitshala wembongi.