Ingcamango umtshato komthetho yosapho. Forms emtshatweni. Iimpawu Legal ngomtshato emthethweni ekhaya

umthetho Family ubandakanya imithetho elawula uhlobo olulodwa ubudlelwane phakathi kwamadoda nabafazi. Ingakumbi sithetha malunga umfelandawonye ngokusesikweni, eyasekwa ngenjongo indlu kwamalungu, zokuzalwa kunye ngumzali. Sele iyinto eyaziwayo ingqiqo emtshatweni.

komthetho Family phantsi kweemeko ezithile kufuneka kuhlangatyezwane isahlakalo ezi manyano. Ukongeza, lo mthetho inika iqela lemisebenzi esemqoka ukuba bandise inkcazo ezaziwayo-kakuhle. ngakumbi Phawula ukuba lo mtshato kwemigangatho mihla.

Overview

Indlela umthetho elinyanga ingqikelelo umtshato? umthetho Family ibizwa ngokuba simahla, lingana ne, wavele kwabo konke phakathi kwendoda nomfazi. Senzeka ukuthobela imiqathango kunye neenkqubo elichazwe ngumthetho. Xa ukubhaliswa manyano, esi sibini kuvela impahla ethile macala kunye nemisebenzi kunye namalungelo. Le nkcazelo yaphakanyiswa yi-nzulu yiSoviet G. K. Matveevym kwaye isekelwe kwinto yokuba, njengokuba enye yeenjongo ze-compound abasetyhini kunye namadoda kwi-Union kufuneka usebenze nje ukuzalwa bekhulisa abantwana babo.

Uphuhliso lomthetho

Ingcamango umtshato komthetho usapho eyayikho kwinzululwazi pre-mbuso, nowasityhilela ngokubhekiswa umanyano bomfazi nendoda. Kulo mzekelo, njengoko injongo ephambili enza kubudlelwano. Ujonge le mithetho efanayo sibonile ukuba manyano kwavela ngesivumelwano mutual kwifomu emiselweyo.

Ingcamango womtshato, umthetho mkhaya ukusebenza kwi leSoviet, kutolikwa njengendlela ngokwesiseko entsha ubudlelwane phakathi kwendoda nomfazi ekuhlaleni bobusoshiyali kwahlukile ezikhoyo phesheya.

imigangatho mihla

Okwangoku, abaphandi qaphela ukuba ingqikelelo umtshato kunye neempawu ezibekwe leSoviet, zisekelwe ikakhulu phezu kwengqondo efanayo yabantu (uthando). Kulo mba, kwiincwadi kwelo xesha union abasetyhini kunye namadoda babonwa nje ubudlelwane kunye ngokuhlalisana joint, esekelwe phezu kwemimiselo ubuhlobo, intsebenziswano kunye nothando.

Ngo-1995 iveziwe kwiSiqendu 256 of Code Civil. Ukusuka kule ndawo kwiziko umtshato lifikelele kwinqanaba entsha yophuhliso. Ukuqiniswa kakhulu isiseko somthetho ukuze ungene ubuhlobo kunye yabhiyozelwa a IC entsha. Le khowudi yaqaliswa ngo-1995 Ngenxa isiseko sakhe esitsha ukukhangeleka engaqhelekanga, entsha ngokupheleleyo izimvo nezenzululwazi iziko lomtshato. Ezi ndlela zahluke kuyaphi kwezo awayekho ngamaxesha Soviet.

definition

Njengoko omnye wababhali owayephila abazixeláyo phambi wendalo yoluntu-lomthetho womtshato enza ANTOKOLSKY. Yena ekholisayo ixoxe ukuba isivumelwano kubume bayo lemanyano yahlukile isivumelwano yamakhaya kwelo inxalenye, nto leyo ilawulwa yimithetho bangela imiphumo ethile.

kodwa ababhali abaninzi ngaphandle ANTOKOLSKY wavakalisa ukuba umtshato onjalo. Iindlela ezahlukeneyo kunyango yayo kwenzeka kuphela eRashiya kodwa phesheya.

Uhlalutyo ingxaki yenza kube lula ukuzisa izimvo zalo definition. Umtshato yeyona esemthethweni nto ibalulekileyo isishiya usapho kunye amaqhina zomthetho. Ukhonza union ngokuzithandela kwaye simahla amabhinqa babantu, waqukumbela ngendlela emiselweyo, ekuqhubeni iimfuno yomthetho kwaye ijolise ekudaleni intsapho.

iimeko

Kukho ethile ukuze umtshato. UMthetho Family ngokuqulunqa eziliqela iimeko apho amadoda nabafazi manyano zenziwe. Bona thaca kwiSiqendu 12 somGaqo-UK. Uluhlu amagama kuthathwa alupheli. Ezi ziquka:

1. imvume Voluntary.
2. Ekuzuzeni yobudala ethile.

Makhe siqwalasele nabo ngokwahlukeneyo.

imvume ngokuzithandela

Ukuze ngokusesikweni ubudlelwane lwenziwa nokubhalisa umtshato. umthetho Family njengoko imeko yayo yokuqala umisela imvume ngokuzithandela omabini amaqabane elizayo. Oku kuthetha ukuba ukuthanda zesifundo, engena nolwalamano akufuneki abunjwe phantsi kwempembelelo ezingekho mthethweni nabanye abantu bakhe.

Umthetho umisela imfuneko iimbonakalo zobuqu endiyilangazelelayo ngamadoda kunye nabasetyhini. Ngako oko, imithetho Akuvumelekanga umtshato nge proxy okanye ngembalelwano. Intando kufuneka bazazi. Abantu kufuneka bazi izenzo ababenzileyo ukuba. Nawuphi ugonyamelo, zombini engqondweni nasemzimbeni, ezikhubazayo ukuthanda zesifundo, engafuni ukungena ulwalamano, kakubi ubume bayo, iyangqubana uhlobo lomtshato ongayithobeliyo imiqathango yeSiqendu-19 loMgaqo-siseko, nto leyo useka amalungelo alinganayo kunye nenkululeko yethu ukuze amadoda kunye nabasetyhini kunye namathuba alinganayo ukuphunyezwa kwazo.

Ukunyanzela akakwazi evela nayiphi na amaqela olo lwalamano, okanye izalamane zabo, abahlobo kunye nabanye abantu.

isicelo

Bavakalisa kungokuvumelana ngokuzithandela amadoda kunye nabasetyhini ukuba batshate. Ingxelo eyenziwe phantsi kwaye bakhonza kwi-arhente rejista. Ukuba umntu evela amaqabane elizayo akakwazi inxaxheba buqu ekuqulunqweni uxwebhu joint, ubugcisa esebenzayo. 26 ngenani Federal Umthetho 143. Ngokungqinelana ne-mmiselo, izifundo unelungelo ufake isicelo esahlukileyo. Ukongezelela, imvume ngokuzithandela ichazwe ngomlomo abemi kwirejista karhulumente kwaye ukungqinisisa kweesiginitsha zabo.

Ukuphumeza lo yobudala efanelekileyo

Kumazwe onke malunga yobudala enye ubuncinane, kufuneka ibe izifundo emtshatweni. EBulgaria, umzekelo, abasetyhini kunye namadoda oko elifanayo - eyi-18. E Hungary, Japan kunye namanye amanani eziliqela. Apha, iminyaka ubuncinane amadoda - eyi-18 kunye namabhinqa - 16. Ngo-Poland - 21 no-18, ngokulandelelana kwazo. EPortugal, ukususela ngowe-1978, zisembundwini ubuncinane yiminyaka eli-16. Kulo mzekelo, abo, zabubamba ubulungisa, banelungelo ukungena emtshatweni kuphela ngemvume yabazali. Ukuba aba bantu engama-21 ubudala, baya kwenza ubuhlobo babo.

I-RF IC lokutshata okufanayo amadoda kunye nabasetyhini. Eneminyaka eli-18 ubudala. Kule meko ingqamana kuqala umthamo yamakhaya ngokupheleleyo, ngokungqinelana ne Art. 12 Code Civil. Njengomthetho jikelele esixhasa ukuba kwisifundo ofuna ngokusesikweni amakhonkco onxibelelwano, kufuneka zifike yobudala elifanelekileyo ngexesha lobhaliso, kungekhona ngomhla isicelo.

ngaphandle

In Art. 13, n. 2 SC ibonelela ekunciphiseni yobudala ukukhwela. Ukuze oku kufuneka kube nesizathu esilungileyo. Ukuba nayiphi na oorhulumente eligunyazisiweyo wengingqi ukunciphisa ubudala umtshato ukuya kwiminyaka eli-16.

Umthetho ayithethi ngokucacileyo ukuchaza uluhlu yezizathu ezivakalayo. Ukuziqhelisa, njengoko umthetho, zibe ukukhulelwa yokuba umntwana, ifowuni uzayo izintlu yomkhosi okanye uhambo olude iqabane elizayo, kwakunye ukuzalwa komntwana.

Isigqibo ukunciphisa ubudala imvume yamkelwe kwi zifundo zokuphila, efuna ukuba akhuphe umfelandawonye. Olu xwebhu ibonisa inani leminyaka (iinyanga), apho yena lifinyele, igama abemi. Ngenxa yesi sigqibo, ezi zifundo kungeniswa ingxelo ebhaliweyo. akukho mfuneko ukufumana imvume yabazali xa oku kuwiso-mthetho.

koogunyaziwe benqila uya kuba nelungelo kwiimeko ezingaqhelekanga ukuvumela umtshato ukuya kwiminyaka eli-16. Iimeko kunye nenkqubo nasekugqityweni kwayo ugqibe imithetho mxholo Russian Federation. Ukususela mzuzu wobhaliso umntu, leyo lokutshata liye lathotywa yimithetho, kuba zisebenza ngokupheleleyo. Nditsho kwimeko ukunyibilika lemanyano uhlala njalo njalo.

Le Okungumahluko ukuchitha umtshato. umthetho Family kunye nomthetho civil evumela ukuhluthwa a minor umthamo.

Izithintelo semthethweni yonxulumano

Bona wachaza inqaku-14 we-ye RF IC. Iimpawu Legal ngomtshato emthethweni osapho emiselwe iimpawu ze-mthetho kunye neemeko modernity. Nakuba kunjalo, kukho iqela iimeko phantsi apho kumhla we manyano akwamkelekanga kwaye akunakwenzeka. uluhlu lwabo uthathwa alupheli. Iimeko nokuthintela ubhaliso kobudlelwane ziquka:

1. Ubukho kumtshato omnye ubuncinane amaqela. Oku kubonisa ukhuselo karhulumente umfazi oyedwa. Xa nokubhalisa umtshato kunye nesifundo, esele kulwalamano usapho kunye nomnye umntu, kukho imeko dvoemuzhestva / isithembu. Oku kuchasene nomthetho yangoku. nomfazi Umgaqo esisigxina imigangatho yamazwe amaninzi. Le Okungumahluko urhulumente apho nefuthe ngakumbi ubudlelwane ngokwesini inika unqulo lwasekuhlaleni, sivumele isithembu.
2. Ubukho nomini phakathi Brac. Ngokukodwa, ukuba lwenziwa kwi zegazi imigca kumgca ehla inyuka ngqo - abazali nabantwana, abazukulwana kunye oomakhulu / kwanootatomkhulu, kunye noodade nokufunda / bazalwana aluzali. Esi sithintelo simisela yasekwa kwempembelelo nezithintelo Biomedical kunye nemfundiso yonqulo. Kuye kwafumaniseka ukuba umtshato phakathi kwezalamane ezisondeleyo kwandisa umngcipheko ezimbi ezahlukeneyo, ilifa, ngokukodwa, nokunciphisa amathuba ophile. Ukongeza, iingcamango ngokwembali oluzinzileyo yokuziphatha ngentsulungeko malunga inadmissibility yobudlelwane lomtshato phakathi kwezihlobo.
3. Ukusekwa wokwamkelwa. Isiseko yale kokuvalwa kwakhona wabeka imigaqo yokuziphatha ngentsulungeko. Ubudlelwane phakathi adopter kunye eyamkelweyo kubalwe ngenqaku esondlele. 137 NC.
4. Ukufumaneka ukungakwazi ngenxa ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo, inkundla esekwe, ubuncinane enye kwezi zifundo. ingqalelo yayo yenziwa ngokuhambelana ne Art. 29 of the Code Civil. Ngokutsho ngummi eqhelekileyo kunye nokuphazamiseka kwengqondo ngenxa apho inokuba wakuqonda ukuziphatha kwabo ngaloo kubakhokela, namkele meko ogula ngendlela emiselwe yi-CPC.

ukuvimbela isithembu

Ukwenzela ukuphepha umtshato kunye nesifundo, sele zenzekile kumtshato kunye nomnye umntu, xa isicelo abemi igunya rejista ngokuyimfuneko abonise ukuba zenziwa kubudlelwane okanye hayi. Ukuba yaphulwe ubuhlobo engaphambili zaye, Wawusondeza amaxwebhu afanelekileyo ukuqinisekisa oku. Njengoko unako ukwenza isiqinisekiso mtshato okanye ukufa umyeni / umfazi, waya ukusebenza isigqibo senkundla kwi invalidation.

Iimpawu yokukhubazeka ngenxa yokuba ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo

A kwisifundo ogula sisifo ezinjalo, engakwazi nokulawula indlela yokuziphatha kwabo, qaphela izenzo zabo. Ngoko ke, ukuba asikwazi ukuvakalisa imvume ngokuzithandela ukungena emtshatweni.

Le ukuvalwa umtshato kunye ezimbi ngengqondo ogula kwabangela inkxalabo kuluntu kunye zikarhulumente ukuseka, intsapho esempilweni eqhelekileyo. Ukongeza, ezinye izifo ezilolu hlobo unako ilifa. Oku, esongela ukuvela ophile.

Ukungakwazi ukusebenza ukuze babonakale emva kokubhaliswa ngokomthetho. Kulo mzekelo, ulwalamano lomtshato, yenziwe ngexesha xa abemi wabandezeleka ngezifo, kuya kuqwalaselwa njengoko imigangatho efanelekileyo.

ofisi Registry Rights

ngezifo Mental, ochazwa ifom enye okanye enye, kwakunye nezinye izifo, akukho izizathu ingqalelo bokungaphili, enze imiqobo ubhaliso emtshatweni. Kwiimeko ezinjalo, ukubhaliswa ezisemthethweni kumtshato kuba kunokwenzeka kuphela ngenxa yokungabikho umntu abazi.

Ukuba kwi-Ofisi Registry uthandabuzayo enzulu malunga ngempilo yengqondo yomenzi-sicelo, ukuba unalo nelungelo lokuyihlehlisa umtshato inyanga. Ngeli xesha, abachaphazelekayo kunye nabameli bamaziko zonyango isigqibo ngokufaneleka intshukumo bentendelezo kokubhekisela abemi ukuba udidi lwabantu abakhubazekileyo.

Forms lomtshato

umthetho Family ivumela iinketho eziliqela kubantu esiza kumtshato ngoku. Oku kungasentla wachaza kumhla we manyano. ubhaliso Umtshato inika iziphumo ezithile ukuba amaqela. Ingakumbi kukho izibophelelo impahla ngokunxulumene nenye. Ngako oko, xa ukupheliswa emtshatweni bethe ulwahlulo amaxabiso izinto ezifunyenwe yi ngokudibeneyo uzimisele ukuhlala isihlalo umntwana ababelwe isondlo.

Kutshanje, ukwanda umtshato yoluntu. ERashiya, abantu abaninzi ezikhawulezayo ngokusesikweni ubudlelwane. Oku kungenxa yezizathu ezininzi. Ngokumalunga noxanduva, azikho kulawulwa yi-UK. Kodwa ngokubanzi, ubudlelwane ezo zilawulwa yi-Code Civil.

Kukho esinye isigaba sobunye - umtshato. umthetho Family asisiniki inkcazelo ngqo kulo. Njengomgaqo, ulwalamano olunjalo ubizwa ngokuba iimanyano yaqala ngaphandle uthando hayi ukuzalwa bekhulisa abantwana, kunye iintshukumisa zokuzingca. Kodwa ke, ukuze babe khona icala elinye kuphela, kwaye omabini ku yingisela. Lo mthetho Akukho kuseka nayiphi ilahleko imitshato enjalo ngaphandle kokuba abhaliswe ngenjongo ekwenzeni izenzo ezingekho mthethweni kamva.