Indlela ukuba baye kubabiza abemi baloo mizi? Nabahlali Kursk - kuryane okanye Kurchanov?

Ngo-Russia, kunye namanye amazwe, a lot of amagama endaweni engaqhelekanga: Alaverdi, Yoshkar-Ola, Goose-crystal njalo njalo. Umbuzo obonakalayo ukuba kubiza njani abemi kwezi zokuhlala? Umzekelo, abahlali Kursk - it Kurchanov okanye kuryane? Inqaku lethu liza kunceda ukujongana nale mba.

Yintoni amagama ndawo etnohoronimy?

Ngaphambi kokuba siphendule lo mbuzo engundoqo inqaku ngendlela ebizwa ngokuchanekileyo abahlali Kursk kunye nezinye izixeko kufuneka ukufumana intsingiselo yamanye amagama.

Ngoko ke, phantsi toponym ithetha nayiphi na igama lendawo. Kunokuba amagama ngemizi, nemizana ngemizana, eminye imimandla, zomhlaba, imilambo, iilwandle, amachibi, izitrato njalo njalo.

amagama indawo bezalana ngokusondeleyo, kunye nezinye iikhonsepthi - demonym (livela kwigama lesiGrike elithi "ethnos" - abantu). Eli ligama abemi kummandla othile okanye indawo. Kwaye ukuba mazingabhidaniswa amagama etnohoronimy, iintlanga abantu okanye izizwe. Oku ingqiqo eyahlukileyo ngokupheleleyo.

Ngoku uyakwazi ukuya umbuzo olandelayo: ukuba kubiza njani abemi Kursk, Arkhangelsk okanye nasiphi na esinye isixeko? Kwaye ayenzi iimpazamo?

Indlela ukubiza abemi Kursk, eOmsk, Arkhangelsk?

Isimamva ezisetyenziswayo ukwenza etnohoronimov ngu:

• -ts-;
• -ch-;
• -an-, -yan-;
• -chan.

Amagama nabemi kwiidolophu needolophana bezisoloko ezibhaliweyo kunye, kungakhathaliseki yoqobo igama lendawo (umzekelo: New York - baseNew).

ulwimi mhlawumbi hayi yaveza Russian njengenye kakhulu kunzima ukufunda. Abanye baye babange ukuba akunakwenzeka ukuba bafunde - kuyimfuneko kuphela ukuziva. Xa siqwalasela iindidi iinketho etnohoronimov, ngoko ke kunzima kangaka ukuba anikholwa.

Ngoko ke, kukho iindlela kakhulu ilula. Umzekelo: Moscow - Moscow, eKiev - Kiev, Paris - baseParis, njl Nangona kunjalo, oku kungenxa yokuba data kwindawo amagama amaninzi ezindlebeni. Kodwa etnohoronimy uhlobo lwamagama mzi njenge Alaverdi, Oslo okanye Vary? Apha ngaphandle uncedo philologist sele ayikwazi ukukwenza.

isimamva -ts- kulwimi Russian isetyenziselwa ukwenza etnohoronimov ukuba oluphumayo amagama kwindawo ophela nge -ino, -eno, -ovo, -evo. Umzekelo: umzi ka Ivanovo - abahlali Ivanovo; Domodedovo - abahlali domodedovtsy njl Isimamva -ch- inxulumene akudala, isetyenziswa kuphela kwimeko kunye nemizi Russian endala (Moscow - Moscow, Tomsk -. Tomich et al).

Ukuba amagama zokuhlala ukuphela -rm, -tsk okanye -tsk, ngoko imfundo etnohoronimov ngokuqhelekileyo nezimamva iphindwe, YANG, -chan (umzekelo, Irkutsk - Irkutsk abemi).

Kodwa asingabo bonke etnohoronimy benziwa ngokwale mgaqo. Ngoko ke, kukho amagama amaninzi ya le Rhaxiya, leyo kunzima kakhulu ukufumana ifomu echanekileyo efanelekileyo igama abemi balo. Hi ndlela leyi, kubahlali Kursk nabo babe kule ngulo luhlu etnohoronimov.

Njani ukuba wenze impazamo kule meko? Ukuze wenze oku, kukho abancedisi - izichazi ezizodwa, oluqulunqwe zeelwimi abanobuchule. Ngoko ke, enye yezi lwapapashwa ngo-2003: "Amagama Russian yabemi: Uluhlu".

Nabahlali Kursk: indlela ukubabiza?

Kursk - sisixeko samandulo, kanye inxalenye Grand Duchy of Lithuania. Yasungulwa ngo-1032 kwaye namhlanje yi-mveliso, ezothutho iziko ebalulekileyo, inkcubeko kunye neyenkolo inxalenye yaseYurophu eRashiya. Kwisixeko mihla abantu malunga 430,000. Abahlali besixeko Kursk ivelisa zeplastiki lizwe kunye neemveliso irabha, izixhobo zombane kunye nokutya. Kukho amaziko ophando eziliqela kunye neeyunivesithi.

abahlali Kursk ngokufanelekileyo nangokuchanekileyo ngokuba kuryane (hayi Kurchanov). Kwaye kuryanin - umhlali leemvumi kuryanka - nemazi.

Abanye etnohoronimy okungaqhelekanga

Kwezinye izixeko zehlabathi amabhinqa, ngoko ukuthetha, yaye akafuni bamkelekile. Ukusuka la magama ndawo nje akunakwenzeka ukwenza etnohoronimy zobufazi! Aba "isixeko-nangokwesini" ziquka: New York (USA), Daugavpils (Latvia), Copenhagen (eDenmark), Pereslavl (Russia).

Nalu uluhlu lwe ethile etnohoronimov ongaqhelekanga (Russian angaphandle):

• Oslo: oslovets, oslovka;
• Cannes: kannets, kannka;
• Engels: engelsity, engelsitki;
• Yaya: yaychanin, yaychanka;
• Arkhangelsk: arhangelogorodets, arhangelogorodka;
• EOmsk: ohmic, omichka;
• Rzhev: rzhevityanin, rzhevityanka;
• Torzhok: Novotorov, novotorka.

isiphelo

Ngoku uyazi ukuba kubiza njani abemi Kursk. Kufuneka kwakhona kuqatshelwe ukuba, etnohoronimov ngolwimi Russian ayisekho imithetho eqhelekileyo ukuze kwakhiwe amagama. Kuba ukhetho nganye (isixeko), kungakuhle ukuba ukusebenzisa isichazi-magama okhethekileyo.