Indlela lokuvelisa kwimeko kwethiyori Marx xa

Inkqubo yokuvelisa - akukho (ngokutsho kwithiyori Karla Marksa) ukuba uphawu ixesha elithile nembali, ubunye ubudlelwane kwimveliso kunye nemveliso imikhosi, nebonelela izinto iinzuzo uluntu.

Le imikhosi onemveliso - indibanisela yabasebenzi kunye nezixhobo. Xa abasebenzi ngexesha elifanayo ithatha ingqalelo imeko yembali ulwazi olufanelekileyo, izakhono namava, kunye nezixhobo ziyahluka zintsonkotha zabo zoomatshini. amandla emveliso ixhomekeke ngqo kwi zokuhlala zendalo ukuma ezithile zentlalo.

Ubudlelane kwimveliso - oko ngokwembali kwasekwa iindlela ukulungiselela ukuveliswa, nto leyo ibandakanya ilungelo lobunini, ingakumbi ukusasazwa ubutyebi kunye neminye imiba yomthetho ubudlelwane.

UKarl Marx, elandela amanqanaba zazivelela zentlalo, ecetywayo yi Hegel kunye Saint-Simon, ezichongwe iindlela ezintlanu eziphambili yembali imveliso:

- yakudala;

- slave (ngezinto zakudala);

- wobukhosi;

- nkulu;

- Communist.

indlela lwasekuqaleni kwimveliso

Wawuqala ekuqaleni ye Stone Age kunye ukuya mzuzu uluntu yeklasi (IX BC leminyaka). Ekuqaleni isekelwe appropriating kuqoqosho, ie abantu basebenzisa kuphela semvelo wamnika. Nophuhliso wobudlelwane kwimveliso kunye nemikhosi enemveliso, kunye ukuvela izakhono ezithile kunye nezixhobo, indlela ibizezamandulo kwakhona fumene kwicandelo lezemigodi.

iimpawu uphawu kwinkqubo:

- ukulingana ngokoqoqosho, okt ukuphathwa ngokulinganayo kuwo onke amalungu oluntu ukuya neendlela zokuvelisa kunye nokusasazwa kobutyebi;

- engekho kwipropati yabucala;

- ukungabikho yokuxhaphaza.

Loo uhlobo ngokulinganayo-ekwabelwana yobudlelwane yayisekelwe kwinqanaba elisezantsi kakhulu kuphuhliso imikhosi nemveliso. Iveliswe ubutyebi ngokwaneleyo kakhulu ekugcinweni kobomi. Kweli nqanaba, akazange ayisekho ngaphezu imveliso. Kuphela uphuhliso elandelayo imikhosi nemveliso kuqinisekise ukuvela imveliso surplus, nto leyo yakhokelela ngeendlela ezintsha zokusasaza kunye nokwabiwa kwiiklasi ahambelanayo oluntu, ukuvela yorhwebo phakathi izizwe ezingabamelwane, ukuvela kwipropati yabucala kunye neefom sokuqala yokuxhaphaza.

indlela antique kwimveliso

Waqala lo BC ngenkulungwane IX e Greece luqhubeke de II - AD IV leminyaka Kweli nqanaba kumashishini abucala wabakho ecaleni ekuhlaleni, umzi kwavela kunye iimpawu sokumiswa. Ubunini umsebenzi yayisekelwe ubunini bomhlaba. Esi sixeko khona ngakumbi njenge ukuyilwa ukuzithethelela wamajoni, kunokuba imveliso. Ukuziphatha imfazwe yaba yabasebenzi zasekuhlaleni kunye neendlela zokufumana zinto eziphathekayo. A isici esasenza ubudlelwane zokukhokhela eli xesha ubukho amakhoboka kunye nabasebenzi khoboka - njenge "ngenxa engqinelanayo yaye kuyimfuneko" zoluntu ezikhoyo.

Indlela wobukhosi yemveliso

Nguwo lo xesha ukusuka ekupheleni kuka IV - kweminyaka isiqalo V, leyo emva inkqubo ngamakhoboka (kwi kwiMeditera, kuMbindi Mpuma kunye naseMntla Afrika), okanye ngokukhawuleza emva kokuba (iindawo Slavic) kwakudala leyo.

Le ndlela imveliso isekelwe phezu lokusekwa yeklasi izinduna kunye nabalimi, lisekelwe kubumnini bomhlaba. Iinkosi wobukhosi baba abanini, kunye namafama wakhwela impahla yakhe, njengokuba kwaba ezweni labo imveliso zabucala ezincinane zazo. Ukuze ilungelo lokusebenzisa umhlaba abalimi kunye nabanini emisebenzini yabo, mveliso zendalo okanye imali.

Ebudeni bamaXesha Aphakathi kusasa, abalimi kufuneka ukuzimela lwezizalwane ukuzimela, nto leyo eyakhokelela ekubeni ukukhula okubonakalayo kwezi imikhosi onemveliso, uphuhliso zobugcisa inkqubela kwezolimo. Ukuphuhlisa isixeko yaye ayila maleko omtsha zentlalo - abemi simahla, yaye kamva lobungxowankulu.

Ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane XV kuninzi lwamazwe eNtshona Yurophu, abalimi bafumana sokuxolelwa ukuxhomekeka feudal zobuqu. Ngcembe kwavela nasekuthwaseni kuluntu nkulu, nto leyo ekugqibeleni anganomeleza ngoncedo iMvukelo yoohlohlesakhe kwinkulungwane XVIII emva kwexesha.

Indlela nkulu yemveliso

Isiseko sale indlela yemveliso - ubudlelwane phakathi kwabasebenzi yomvuzo kunye nemali. Society, ngokulandelelana, yahlulwe iiklasi ezimbini: oongxowankulu - abanini bezinto zokuvelisa kunye nemali, kwaye sabasebenzi abathengisa igunya labo zabasebenzi ukuba ongxowankulu. Oku kuphakamisa ingqikelelo ixabiso surplus - na ingeniso evela yemveliso, ikhefu ngokwabo ngoongxowankulu. ixabiso Intsalela ngenene amandla ngemoto oluntu longxowankulu.

Xa ixesha imo yobungxowankulu imveliso, imikhosi onemveliso ngaphambili phambili. Imiqulu yemveliso, uphuhliso lwezixhobo lakhula kakhulu. Ngoko ke eyona nzuzo kukukhula yemveliso lwentlalo beluqhuqha advantageously ngoongxowankulu.

Ngelo kwisigaba ethile yale nkqubo imikhosi yemveliso kufuneka aphuhlise ubudlelwane zabucala yobungxowankulu imveliso, leyo, ngokutsho Marx, kuya kukhokelela ekubeni kusekwe manqanaba alandelayo zophuhliso loluntu - socialism nolobukomanisi.

Indlela wamaKomanisi yemveliso

Ipropati uba abantu yonke, kunye nomsebenzi - yoluntu. Kule mlinganiswa iklasi igcinwe, njengoko ipropati yahlulwe zikarhulumente co-operative. Kwakhona ahlale ingxaki ezingekasonjululwa yokwahlukana phakathi kwabasebenzi ngokwasemzimbeni nangokwasengqondweni, ebabeke ngayo ubutyebi ngokwendlela yokusebenza. Umbuzo iphambili kolu luntu ngokwasengqondweni: indlela yokwenza umsebenzi ngemfuneko ngokuzithandela ebalulekileyo ngomntu wonke. Ngoko ke, lo gama theory Marx malunga ukuyilwa uluntu yobukomanisi iParadesi yigadi. Ngelo xesha langoku sibona Ekuthwaseni yoluntu yali kwiqela kumazwe nkulu. Kodwa ngaphezulu, njengoko imbali iye yabonisa, lo gama ukuthetha ngaphambi kwexesha.