Indawo - isivakalisi kubomi lokudala? imbali icala

Nkqu ngamaxesha imidlalo yamandulo yamaGrike qheke ngeentlobo ezithile zabalinganiswa. Ngoko ke kukho indima umdlali - ulwabiwo lweendima ngokungqinelana iingcombolo zangaphandle, kangangokuba ukuya kwinkulungwane yokugqibela mummers ubomi kwanyanzeleka ukuphumeza umfanekiso omnye kuphela.

E Greece yamandulo, imisebenzi ezinkulu ziye zohlulwa ngokwendidi ezimbini eziphambili: iintlekele comedy. Ngako oko, ezaziwayo iindidi ezimbini abadlali - intlekele nezihlekisayo. Iinkcukacha nayo nayiphi na iqela luqinisekiswa kakhulu ukuba ukudlala isimbo, kwaye idata lwangaphandle umdlali. Thespians aba bantu, luphawulwa nokukhula, inani eyakhiwe kakuhle, kunye ngelizwi eliphantsi yelizwi. malunga yabo - waphosa phantsi kunye ngokupheleleyo, ethetha ngelizwi eliphezulu. Ukuba akwazi ukwenza iindima kuphela ahlekisayo.

ephakathi Italian commedia dell'arte zandiswa imifanekiso antique waza wadala indima entsha. Lo mkhonzi, manenekazi, kunye hero-umthandi. A isici esasenza dell'arte commedia - yesikhumba imaski, indima mandatory zomlinganiswa. Xa umsebenzi ekuqaleni kumabala emidlalo yonke umdlali ukhetha imaski, uze emva koko phantse bonke ubomi bakhe wadlala indima enye kuphela. mbali yeqonga kukho ngaphezu kwekhulu iimaski ezahlukeneyo, kodwa inkoliso yazo yaba abalinganiswa ezifanayo nezahlukileyo enye kuphela ngamagama kunye nenkcazo eneenkcukacha. LwabaseTyhini iindima abadlali ngaphandle kokusebenzisa iimaski.

Ngenkulungwane XVII, xa Ixesha baqhubeka yamandulo French theatre ukusekwa ngendlela ezisisiseko ezinzileyo kwidrama yaye kuqiniswe iindima abadlali ze data ezithile psychophysical. Ngelo xesha, kwakukho ingqiqo indima - ligama ukuba kwenzeke ukususela elithi "emploi" French, bona bubonakala "indima", "indawo", "ukusetyenziswa".

Ukuze ufumane indima, umdlali kufuneka ihlangane iseti ezithile iimfuno, phakathi kwazo, njengoko kumaxesha amandulo, ukuphakama nani, ukwakha, imvakalo-zwi, uhlobo yobuso. Kodwa indima - akukho nje imbonakalo ubuntu, kodwa iimpawu declamatory kunye zeplastiki, umgca zokuziphatha. Inguqu kwindima enye ukuya kwenye nto kugxekwa, kunjalo, njengokuba yeqonga kumaxesha, abadlali ngalo lonke ixesha esasebenza oxwlwa, badlale indima obungabangeli mdla, ukuphucula izakhono zabo kwaye uzama ukongeza umlinganiswa ukuya ompe ethile. Okungaqhelekanga kuphela indima ubudala, elandela inguqulelo yeqonga abadlali abakhulileyo.

In theatre French kwinkulungwane XVIII indima umdlali ezifana ingénue - ngokunyanisekileyo, kodwa intombi benendelelo yaye ilula-nye. Heroes boys like ngento ekuthiwa simpletons. Soubrette (oyindoda version umkhonzi) yahlukile sehlelwe, ngehlombe nesimilo eliphilileyo, ngokufuthi le onesimilo iinkosi zabo uncedo olukhulu kwimicimbi uthando. Kukho ingqiqo abanxiba njenga- - malunga ebonakalayo ukuba indima imazi ngumdlali weqonga, indoda, kunye vice versa.

Kunye nabadlali abadlale ubomi bam bonke indima enye, nangona kwinkulungwane yokugqibela uKonstantin Stanislavsky kunye Michael yaseChekhov wenza ingxelo ukuba indima wokubonelwa - uyafa, leyo onokuphazamisa uphuhliso lweetalente ebambeleyo nganye, musa ukuvumela ukuba ukuzibonakalisa ngokupheleleyo. Loo uluvo yafunyanwa umathuko, kodwa ngoku, ndibukele ngokutsha ezimangalisayo mihla abadlali, siyabona ukuba abalawuli olukhulu kunene.