Reserve "Chersonese": iifoto kunye nohlaziyo

Chersonese - igama loo wayenxibe isixeko ngaphezulu amabini kunye newaka anesiqingatha eminyaka eyadlulayo waliseka bezithanga zamandulo zamaGrike. Le lali wazibeka kumzantsi-ntshona inxalenye losingasiqithi iCrimea. Namhlanje, amabhodlo esi sisombululo zezi Sevastopol umtsalane. Kodwa ke abantu abeza okokuqala kwi elikomkhulu eCrimea, ngolokuqala tyelela dolphinarium, Panorama, Museum of the Black Sea Fleet kunye Aquarium kwaye kuphela emva koko ithunyelwe kwi-Hersonissos endala. Ke kaloku wafika Sevastopol okwesihlandlo sesibini, kwaoko abakhenkethi hamba Hersonissos, apho kukho ithuba lokonwabela imini ezikhumbuzo zembali, ndizilibala ubukho impucuko.

Imvelaphi isixeko

Ikamva Chersonese ekuqaleni dolophana, qhiwu kwenye kunxweme bay, ethi namhla kuthiwa yedwa. Phezu ukufika usingasiqithi, le bezithanga bazisa nabo izixhobo, ukutya, izinto zasekhaya. Kwakhona zibamba iimpahla, isixhobo yabasebenzi, kwaye mhlawumbi iinkomo. Emva igqampe kunxweme wokuvalelwa, le bezithanga kuhlala kufuphi bay, kufuphi ngaphandle iimpahla zazo wentente. Bakha indlu injongo yexeshana. Ezi dugouts kunye banyuka. Emva koko, abantu abaqalayo ukwakhiwa zokufihla abasisigxina.

Hersonissos (iifoto thaca kwinqaku lethu), ngoko lwandile indawo enkulu kangangoko. Ke lona ilizwe, kweli cala Bay kwaye ingenankathazo ophilileyo. Ngapha koko, kanye uhlobo indima lilungise isithuba wokuvalelwa esetyenziselwa izithuthi yokupaka. Kungenxa yoko le nto ekuqaleni ubomi lamanene apha Bay ixabiso engakholelekiyo. Le kwendlela kuphela exhuma nabo kwilizwe kunye nomthombo indawo yokufihla (zokuloba). Enye into, sibonga ngalo kule ndawo kucingwa ukuba ilungileyo, kukuba lukhuselwe kwimpembelelo imimoya ebandayo ukusuka emantla-mpuma kunye nokuphakama ngasentla. Chersonese yamandulo ekuqaleni abahlala akukho ngaphezu hectares ezine. Lanikwa abemi abantu liwaka enesiqingatha.

Ukusuka Chersonese ku Kherson

Igama "Chersonesos" ngolwimi lesiGrike elithetha "peninsula". "Taurian" Kwakhona libhekisela lowo e Tauris, kumazwe Tauris. Kwaye bona baba ngamalungu Tauri kwisizwe zemfazwe, apho waba negama elibi. Aba bantu ke ukulwa rhoqo kwaye neengcwangu kakhulu. akubo yaba eCrimea mihla. Hersonissos Tauris phantse engqongwe macala onke.

City Hersonissos State kwaqhubeka phantse iminyaka engamawaka amabini. Yaye ibali lobomi bakhe kunxulumene kungekuphela Ukraine kodwa kumazwe afana baseByzantium uBukhosi, iRoma Ancient kunye Ancient Greece. Chersonese yasekwa njenge thanga abazizityebi nabadumileyo isixeko yesiGrike Heraclea Pontica. Ngoko ke, xa inkcubeko yakhe ixesha elide ezenzeka amasiko Hellenic kunye nezithethe. Kwakhona isihloko yokurhweba elalini, kwaye kwade kwakhokelela imisebenzi zomkhosi Bosporus zoBukumkani kunye amaSkitiya.

KumaXesha Aphakathi kwathiwa igama Hersonissos e Kherson, nangona-ngqangi weRashiya yamandulo wafumana igama Korsun. Kangangamawaka eminyaka, Hersonissos (umfanekiso ngentla) yaba yinxalenye yoBukhosi onamandla onke baseByzantium. Ngoko ke, esi sixeko saba likomkhulu yamaKristu kwi usingasiqithi yonke iCrimea. Kwaye ngo 1399 Kherson ukuba baphangwe itshiswe umkhosi Khan Edigei.

base reserve

Ngowe-1892, apho lalikhona Hersonissos (imephu on) Archaeological Museum yasekwa. Kwaye ngo 1994 ngengqibo ke ngoko uMongameli Ukraine ngoxa wanikwa ubume reserve yeSizwe "Chersonese". Ebekelwe bucala ibekwe kwindawo weehektare 500. Kwaye minyaka yonke kokuba watyelela ngabantu ezingamakhulu amathathu amawaka. Ngokwe-imisebenzi ephambili museum zezi:

• uhlobo yenzululwazi isifundo.
• Ukhuseleko.
• Ukubuyiselwa ezikhumbuzo kwezenkcubeko bokwakha.
• Popularization.
• Ukudala iimeko lokuphumla kunye nokhenketho.
• ukusetyenziswa ngempumelelo nangendlela eyiyo kweli namafa emveli akhoyo.

Reserve "Chersonese" unayo yayo inqaba yokubonisela, lalo kwinkulungwane V. BC. e. - XV Art. n. e., kumaxesha inqaba Cembalo Fortress, nto leyo ibekwe Balaclava, kwaye yeka ukuya XIII-XVIII eminyaka. Ukongeza, kukho enye i kwefama uhlobo antique nemizi ebonisa epakini yokuqala zakudala Ukraine.

Reserve for idreyini eliphezulu

Ngalinye amasebe zeziko luyagwagwisa ziingcali kakhulu, ngoobani bathandi yokwenene koko bakwenzayo. Phakathi abasebenzi reserve kukho ngaphezu kwabaviwa ezintandathu Sciences zembali, enamadoda alishumi ulungiselela nje ukukhusela inkqubo yomsebenzi wabo lwenzululwazi. National Reserve "Chersonese" likhokelwa Director General Z Vasilyevich Marchenko. Uye isihloko wasefama Ezinokuthenjwa of Culture of imeko Ukrainian kunye neqondo lomviwa of Sciences zembali.

Ngenxa yobukho ezikhumbuzo ezizodwa kunye nabasebenzi abaqeqeshiweyo Hersonissos yaba sisiseko for umkhuba abafundi kunye nabafundi. Ngoko ke, ngaxa lithile kwakukho izifundo ngokoqobo, abafundi iikholeji neeyunivesithi of St Petersburg, eMoscow, eKharkov naseKiev.

It chersonese zokutsala umdla omkhulu phakathi neengcali ezivela kwamanye amazwe. Ngokomzekelo, xa kwiimpapasho kula mazwe asoloko epapasha amanqaku amanqaku malunga isixeko samandulo, yaye ngokufuthi kwiinkomfa zamazwe ngamazwe uyakwazi ukuva ngeengxelo zophando kwelo esixekweni.

umdla Hersonissos

Kungenxa kule lali kanye elubhacweni, abo nxamnye imigaqo abalawuli waseConstantinople. Phakathi aba bantu kwakukho ezizibiza IV yaseRoma wenzala, ibange Justinian II Filippik Vardan kunye, eneneni, Justinian II, kunye Pope Martin. In Hersonissos kukho yokubonela mandulo, nto leyo ke omnye kuphela hlobo yayo yonke DNS. Isixeko Kherson wabelithiyiwe yi uKumkanikazi uCatherine II imbeko Chersonese amandulo.

Theatre Chersonesos

ECrimea Chersonese, njengoko sele kuchaziwe, waye umnini yokubonela yakudala, leyo yayakhiwe Ekuveleni III-IV eminyaka. Yemidlalo inokuthatha engaphezu kwewaka ababukeli ngexesha. Xa Hersonissos yayilawulwa ngabalawuli yamandulo, le nkundla yasetyenziswa enkundleni ukuba kwakusilwelwa kulo. Xa uBukhosi baseRoma, ubuKristu baba inkolo ingundoqo, ngoko zonke iintlobo zomsebenzi apha umlomo. A theatre eyakhelwe phezu amabhodlo ngeembadada Ngezandla zodidi.

iindawo ezinika umdla zotyelelo Chersonesus

Phakathi amangcwaba kwisixeko samandulo, ufanelwe ingqalelo bonke kunye neminye imirhumo ingabizwa enkungwini intsimbi. Kuye uphose 1778. Kuba imveliso yawo usebenzisa imipu Turkish kwikhompyutha. Umsebenzi intsimbi wayesele ukulumkisa iinqanawa eyayihamba ezidlulileyo unxweme kwimozulu embi. Xa wadlula i kweMfazwe iCrimea umtsalane wafuduselwa kwikomkhulu isiFrentshi. Kuphela 1913, intsimbi inkungu wabuyela kwindawo yalo efanelekileyo.

Uphawu lwe Chersonese ingqalelo 'kwindlu yonqulo enkulu. " Yaba itempile lendawo yokuqala, elakhiwa ngenkulungwane yesithandathu. Ke isixeko yokulawula umlawuli yaseByzantium Justinian I. Paul IBandla vystelen ebhanyabhanya. Sele X ngenkulungwane, icawa entsha yayakhiwe phezu amabhodlo sonto wangaphambili. Kuba ukwakhiwa kwale labazobi zebandla baye basebenzisa iingceba yetempile endala. marble ndaqeshwa lokuvelisa lwemihlathi zokwakha, baza ubunzima malunga 350 eekhilogram.

Izimvo nemibono zabakhenkethi

Abo unethamsanqa elaneleyo ukuba atyelele ngendlela Hersonissos elikhethekileyo nanto, bathi omnye umntu ziphumo zembali uhlobo zinika ithuba ukuyiphatha impucuko yamandulo indimi nabo ngomoya. Ngapha koko, imbali akukho nanye karhulumente zinokufundwa apha ilitye ngalinye. Abakhenkethi bathi Hersonissos - nto ngathi kumatshini ixesha lokuba athuthe abantu ngexesha lokoyisa, imilo gladiator kunye yeqonga lokuqala kumabala emidlalo.