Imizimba yasezulwini emangalisayo: le iingxilimbela engakholelekiyo kunye neenkwenkwezi, leyo ezincinane Sun

Kakade ekuqaleni abantu abantu bamandulo wajika amehlo abo isibhakabhaka ebusuku. Izazi impucuko yokuqala ukuzama uzibale iinkwenkwezi, leyo ke thaca kubo amanqaku ezisisigxina ngonaphakade esibhakabhakeni. Ekuhambeni kwexesha, inzululwazi ithe yaguquka, iimbono malunga ihlabathi kunye ngeenkwenkwezi. Noko ke, umdla imizimba yasezulwini banda kuphela.

okumangalisayo Star

Kule mihla, kuye kwafunyaniswa ukuba zonke ezi iinkwenkwezi ezincinci okanye ezinkulu kuno iLanga, imizimba, ngathi sokukhanyisa yethu. Kodwa emva kweenkulungwane uphando, solo Ababutyhila zonke iimfihlelo alo uluntu. Ngeenkwenkwezi zale mihla yokuma ukuba ngokoqobo wenza ezifunyaniswe ezithandwayo qho kwiminyaka embalwa. Evele wabuza izazinzulu iiphazili ezimangalisayo okanye ukutshintsha izimvo zethu malunga nohlobo yezinto. Stars ukuba ngesiquphe kukhanya kwelanga ezincinane ngokuphindwe kaliwaka licace ngaphezu kwakhe, kangangamawaka eminyaka kwindawo zaphawula esibhakabhakeni i inkqubo iphela izikhanyiso eziliqela, njalo njalo. Le inyanda yeyona nkwenkwezi ikufutshane kwinkqubo yethu , Alpha Centauri, apho Afrika eqhelekileyo liziko ubunzima iyajikeleza umzimba kathathu.

Inkwenkwezi enkulu le nkqubo Centauri A yamluma ngaphezulu izibane zethu zomthonyama, lo gama enye i iinkwenkwezi ezimbini zincinane ngaphezu kwelanga. Kumbhalo alandelayo siza kuthatha sihlolisise ezinye zezi zinto emangalisayo indalo yethu.

Stars, leyo inkulu kune iLanga

Kumnyele wethu, ezininzi izidumbu: ingxilimbela iinkwenkwezi, subgiants, supergiants, hypergiants. Umzekelo, nobunzima supergiants umbala oluhlaza ukuze ngaphezu elanga 10-20. Oku kuthetha ukuba ubukhulu ibe ngaphezu izibane zethu ukhanye amakhulu amaxesha amawaka amaxesha eliqaqambileyo. umbala wabo blue ibonisa amaqondo obushushu enkulu. Umzekelo inkwenkwezi Rigel - umzimba aqaqambe kwi umlaza Orion. Kodwa le milinganiselo yaye iqaqambile iba xa kuthelekiswa izinto omkhulu ngokwenene. Iinkwenkwezi inkulu indalo yethu ekuthiwa-Anaki ehleliyo. A ummeli eqhelekileyo kule iklasi iya kuba izihlandlo eziliqela omkhulu ngakumbi ingxilimbela Rigel, kunye namaxesha 200-250 okukhulu ngakumbi ilanga lethu. Noko ke, izinto ezinjalo kunokuba ezinqabileyo iphela. Okubangel 'umdla kukuba, ixesha lobomi babo lincinane ngokwaneleyo yemigangatho ogcwele. Zi- kukhanye kakhulu eqaqambileyo, maxa wambi outshining iminyele lonke, Noko ke, ngokukhawuleza liyigqibele izinto zabo amafutha.

Stars ezincinane Sun

Phila iinkwenkwezi elide ezincinane kwezoqoqosho ngokucotha kokugqiba amandla ayo. Stars ukuba incinane ilanga, ngokuqhelekileyo buthuntu ngakumbi. Kuba lo hlobo zezi UDema ezininzi:-orenji, abomvu, nangwevu, namhlophe. Hi ndlela leyi, inkwenkwezi yethu naye yingqakumbana emthubi. Le nkwenkwezi Epsilon Eridani kwi lekroza kwakhona bobabo ukuba udidi nenomlanga etyheli, kodwa ubunzima layo lingaphantsi kancinane kunokuba solar - 85%, kwaye iqaqambile lwe% 28 kuphela xa kuthelekiswa ngokubonakala ukhanyiselo lwethu. Iipropati Okumangalisayo baye babizwa ngokuba UDema brown. ubunzima babo, ngokuqhelekileyo ukusuka ku 1 ukuya ku-7% kunobukhulu elanga. Ngenxa yoko, kule nkalo, nokuba kufutshane iiplanethi ezifana Jupiter wethu. Eneneni, UDema elimdaka , kwaye angabizwa izikhanyiso eliphezulu-grade. Ukusetyenziswa zihlale zona iinkwenkwezi ayiphumelelanga nje. Kakade ke, likhanya labo kunye nobushushu nazo amakhulu amaxesha ezincinane ngaphezu kwelanga. Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, ebanda eyaziwa UDema entsundu science ukuba iqondo lobushushu elibekwe ngaphezu C. nje 25 umdla ukuba ezinye iinkwenkwezi ezincinane Sun, kwangaxeshanye unokuba ngakumbi kunaye, ubunzima. Le iinkwenkwezi neutron ekuthiwa njalo-. Zezona iimveliso ekupheleni yendaleko obalaseleyo. Yintoni uhlala ukusuka ilanga emva kuqhuma supernova. Embindini le Pulsar (njengoko zibizwa kwakhona) bakutshelwe zixinaniswe ayi 10-20 ubukhulu. Umgama kudume efana kunye na eli litye likhulu. Kodwa iinkwenkwezi neutron enye - ukuba umzimba emangalisayo ubunjwe esinobunzima 1.5 elanga. Nje abambalwa kwezinto esithathwe emzimbeni we moya emangalisayo ezinjalo bahlole amawaka eetoni.