Imithi ezincinanana: Izinto eziluncedo nezingeloncedo

Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, umyezo isinciphiso - hayi zinhle, kodwa into eyenzekayo ezingenamsebenzi. Ukuthandwa okwandayo zemithi ezincinanana kungenxa kwiqela lokulungileyo, ziphakathi leyo - igadi nobugcisa baze zokuhomba, enika izivuno luninzi.

Yintoni ngokuba imithi yeziqhamo ezincinanana

Imithi ezifunyenwe akayicingi uhlobo efunekayo phezu isiphunzi okhethekileyo ekuthiwa, nenomlanga, kodwa oluchanekileyo ukuba athi: imithi nesiqu ezincinanana.

stock okukhethiweyo kufuneka ube neminyaka omnye okanye emibini. Yokumilisela ufezwa yavelisa amagqabi ubuthongo okanye yesundu iliso. Ezinye begadi entwasahlobo bakhetha ukuba agonywe kwicala nangokukrola le uthinte.

imithi ezincinanana ingafumaneka kwi imithi eyomeleleyo-ekhula, xa izityalo besebancinci. Ababhali American Gertman kunye Koestler kwincwadi zakhe ziyamxelela ukuba lo msebenzi kunokwenzeka ukuba umthi oselula ukuyinqumla isiqwenga ixolo kunye uyivule enye indlela ngeenxa zonke. Kodwa kwilizwe lethu, loo amalinge abangakhange uyenzile, ngoko andikwazi ukuthetha malunga nokuthembeka kolwazi.

The main eziluncedo

egadini yesikhumbuzo kwisibanzi zethu akukabikho isikali ngokubanzi, kodwa iinzuzo iinketho begadi ezininzi sele into ehlabathini. uyaphawula:

• ixesha Ukuncipha isiqalo fruiting. Wonke umntu uqhelene yokuba imithi bemveli unamandla aqalise ukuthwala isiqhamo kuphela emva kweminyaka 5-7 emva kokutyala. Kwaye kufuneka iminyaka 7-10 ukuzinzisa isityalo. imithi yeziqhamo ezincinanana kungena yobudala ochumileyo yiminyaka 3-4 emva kokutyala. Ukuvuna epheleleyo uya kuba nemihlali ukuba i-avareji engama-7. Ixesha zokusindisa ebalulekileyo, akunjalo na?
• ukunakekela Easy. imithi ezincinanana musa akhule ukuya kwiimitha ezimbini. Ukukhula enamandla isithsaba ukuba zithande. Zonke zonyango eziyimfuneko prodelyvat kunokwenzeka ngqo ukusuka emhlabeni.
• indawo amandla kakhulu encinci. Apho omnye umthi lukhula umyezo yemveli (wendawo unikezelo 45 m²), ingatyalwa isityalo ezincinanana 5 ngamandla kwingingqi m² 8.
• kwemveliso High. Abalimi kulo lonke ihlabathi, ngokunjalo abalimi kunye zezolimo bathi yokusebenza isivuno eliphezulu nje imithi yeziqhamo, nenomlanga, kunokuba ukusuka kunezixhobo yabo yemveli.

Ukungapheleli agqiba ziindawo zokutyala

Nangona uluhlu enkulu yeenzuzo, imithi yeziqhamo, nenomlanga kunye neegadi eziliqela neengxaki, ekufuneka ithathelwe ingqalelo. ezizezi:

• inkcitho yokuqala efunekayo ukuze isityalo, nenomlanga, inokuthintela ezinye balimi.
• Ezinye iintlobo afunda ngayo ukuba imozulu kakhulu eshushu, ngoko ukuze ebusika zethu, ukuba abanakukwazi.
• Sendlela okuza kuphela ngokukhawuleza ngayo ubomi.
• Ezincinanana imithi yeziqhamo ngenxa iintlobo yokutyala abangafundanga ezithandwa kutshintsho ezikumgangatho.
• iindleko ezongezelelweyo ezinxulumene ukufakelwa isekela. Oko kwezinye iimeko imfuneko nje, ekubeni izityalo ezincinanana inkqubo iingcambu ungekho nzulu. A inkxaso uyakuphepha umonakalo umthi, kukwaphuka amasebe phantsi ubunzima kwesityalo, ukucoca umhlaba.
• Rhoqo nangenyameko uwashiye le mithi kukho unxibelelwano. Kungenjalo ke ukuthotywa nangoko olubonakalayo umgangatho, ubungakanani kunye nokunikezelwa ngendlela eyiyo iziqhamo.
• Nangona isibakala sokuba phezu kulondolozo igadi ezincinanana ilula, oko kufuneka kwenziwe rhoqo. Kungenjalo, uhlobo uya kwenza ilungiswe ezimbi.

Iintlobo eziphambili zezi undersized ukuba igadi

Nangona kalula yendalo, kungekhona uhlobo ngalunye imithi yeziqhamo, ungafumana ukuba umfuziselo pygmy.

imithi emihle iziqhamo ezincinanana lufumaneka yeepesika, nectarines, ama-apile, amapere, nabantwana, ngokuba baza kukhula nkqu ezimbizeni. Kodwa xa uthenga impahla akufuneki silibale malunga zokungahambisani yezityalo kunye no- lwenkcubeko kuyo kunokusinceda.

Imithi kakhulu ethandwa ezincinanana evezwa:

- Apple Tree, apho indlela elula yokwenza imfuyo. Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, ngenxa yomsebenzi onzima kunye yenkuthalo abalimi kukho ezininzi imithi apple ezincinanana eziyithandayo isivuno ixhaphakile kwaye ekungenweni sisifo.

- amapere, ukuba uhlobo ezincinanana kakhulu aqine, ukumelana ukutshintsha iimeko zemozulu kunye izivuno zezityalo.

- hingga iintlobo: Peach Sweet Cap, ngubani ebudaleni kukho ukuphakama kuyimitha 1.8. imithi ezincinanana kule nesiqu echumayo. Ukuba amnandi, kunye nenyama betyhafile ezimuncu emhlophe. Phakathi ezilungileyo kubalulekile ukuphawula iqabaka, ukumelana nembalela.

- UFO: Peach wepesika esiXhoseni, nto leyo eya kumkholisa iziqhamo nenyama kunye ido- bulubhelu neswekile-sweet incasa.

- Dwarf Blue Plum Free, leyo iyamelana sisifo, imbalela kunye iqabaka.

- Plum uMongameli on nesiqu ezincinanana. Le yenye kakhulu ebusika-singapheli iintlobo ezinika isivuno esikhulu kwaye ngokukhawuleza ugcwalisa indawo egadini.

- emva kwexesha Chachakskoy Plum lokuvuna ngasekupheleni kuSeptemba. izityalo ezincinanana kule isiphunzi ukumelana chlorosis, umhlaza iingcambu. Izithole kwiintlobo ezincinanana kwemithi Chachaksky ukumelana iqabaka zasehlotyeni nembalela.

izithole Ukulinywa encane

Ukulinywa imithi yeziqhamo ezincinanana kwenzeka ubukhulu becala ngenxa yokumilisela ebusika. Xa kukhethwa kwiintlobo, nto leyo iza kumiliselwa nomthi osandul 'ukutyalwa of rootstocks clonal, kufuneka kukhunjulwe ukuba akayicingi igawulwa kunciphisa kakhulu hardiness ebusika isityalo yokuqala. Ngoko ke, lo sihlume ngeyona homologated iintlobo yasebusika-singapheli. Clone faka ingaba kuphela asike isiphunzi yasebusika-singapheli ezincinanana.

Ibhokisi mawungabi ngaphezu-18 cm. A ubude ezincinane ayiniki ukuba buthathaka wacela ntlobo ukumiliselwa lokukhula. Izithole zemithi, nenomlanga iziqhamo, hayi kanye mandithi, yokufaka umfanekiso wabo ubude elide zinqanda ngamandla ukukhula ngelixa igqampe egadini ukuba abangaphangeliyo isivuno nomgangatho amaxhoba iziqhamo.

Imithetho indiza bonsai

Beautiful ukusuka kwindawo kubuhle ngayo kunye yomyezo echumayo bonsai nga kuyilwa, xa uthe wakugcina inani lwemithetho kubeka phambili ukuba kutyalwe imithi nesiqu ezincinanana.

1. Kufuneka zityalwe entlakohlaza ekuqaleni emngxunyeni olubanzi nzulu, leyo Izoba iingcambu zesityalo ngokukhululekileyo.
2. Ilizwe emhadini kufuneka exutywe ngumgquba eluhlaza.
3. Ukuhlola iingcambu nomthi osandul 'ukutyalwa, susa amacebiso onakeleyo okanye zizifo kunye neengcambu phambi kokutyala kufuneka ukuba athi nkxu kwi ingcambu lo mxube.
4. Ukuphakamisa umthi, kuyimfuneko kwacaba ezantsi emhadini imali encinane komanyolo isichumiso.
5. Isithombo imenyu emgodini alekwe emhlabeni, izandla uwabele umhlaba phakathi iingcambu.
6. Ngoko ke ambelwe wazaliseka isiqingatha yomhlaba zilinganisiwe kakuhle.
7. Nelizwe eseleyo unabo kwaye zilinganisiwe.

umthi akuyomfuneko ukutyala nzulu kakhulu. Oku kunokukhokelela Ukonakala yayo, ukuvuthuluka yemveliso nomgangatho kumabakala ngamabakala. Musa ukulibala malunga nezityalo ebotshelelwe inkxaso efunekayo bonsai. Ungasebenzisa isiqwenga irabha, nto leyo ixhasa umthi, ayiyi agila uqweqwe obhityileyo.

Indlela ukuhlakulela ezi zityalo ngokuchanekileyo

ukulima ngendlela eyiyo - ngundoqo isivuno intabalala emthini esempilweni kwaye womelele. njani ngokufanelekileyo ukuthatha unonophelo imithi yeziqhamo ezincinanana?

• Indawo engqonge buti umthi kufuneka igcinwe icocekile, oko kukuthi zonke ukhula kufuneka isuswe.
• Ayikhuthazwa ukuvumela ukuyilwa kuqweqwe phezu komhlaba. Ukuze uphephe oku, kufuneka athambise umhlaba kunye nezondlo ukusetyenziswa mulching. I-kufuma kakhulu izityalo ezincinanana - umgquba inxenye ibolile.
• Kufuma kufuneka igcinwe kude enamathele esihlahleni. Umgama Optimal - sisiqingatha semitha okanye ngaphezulu. Umda engaphandle kufuneka kunye achazwe apha, isithsaba esityalo idibana.
• Ukusuka mulching kufuneka kuphetshwe ngexesha lonyaka ezimanzi kunye nomhlaba enzima kakhulu.
• Ustilka hay nakanjani kuyimfuneko kwimimandla eziyimiqwebedu kunye kumhlaba owomileyo ngokukhawuleza.

ukutyebisa bonsai

amahlumelo amatsha kunye namasebe omthi akhiwa ngaxeshanye kunye neenkqubo ezintsha ingcambu, eshiya umhlaba. Ukukhuthaza ukukhula begadi banamava ukusebenzisa imixube umgquba umgquba umgquba ibolile kunye nendibaniselwano zayo.

Ukutyebisa ring kufanelekile emhlabeni. Akafanele bachukumise buti umthi, njengoko oku kungonakalisa iingcambu feeder esityalo. Positioning umgquba inokuba efana mulching.

ukunakekelwa ebusika

Njengoko sele kukhankanyiwe, inkqubo njengengcambu izityalo nzulu, nenomlanga, ngoko ke kubaluleke kakhulu indawo ebusika. Ukukhusela kufuma ebusika umhlaba ukulujikeleza macala-esiqwini. Ukuze wenze oku, ungenza uthabathe kwimbuphu yesarha, umgquba, mulbumagu ngokwemaleko eziliqela. 8-10 inwebu cm akwazi ukukhusela iingcambu ikhephu ngaphandle ebusika.

Qhuba mulching ngcono emva iqabaka yokuqala, ukuze aphazamise xa belele kwe iimvula lomhlaba.

Ukuba unomsebenzi omninzi, oko ingasuswa yi mulching. Ngexesha ikhephu ebusika emithini, kungakuhle ekwakuthululwa, kodwa ezo iindawo akayi denude umhlaba kwi zemithi.

imithi, nenomlanga, ngoku iifoto badla ayivathise iincwadi emyezweni, okwaziyo kunye ukunakekelwa kuba isivuno ukudlula nayiphi na umthi bemveli unamandla.