Imida - oku ... Ingxaki kwemida. Ukraine ayikhange lungaqhutywa kwaye lurekhodwe ngokufanelekileyo kwi-UN ukuba imida emideni yabo njengelizwe

Imida - unyulo okanye ukuchongwa komgca we umda karhulumente i emhlabeni ngokutsho izivumelwano phezu kwemida kunye kwizihlomelo eziya noko iinkcazelo kunye neemephu. Umsebenzi ukusekwa umgca ezimeleneyo idaliwe yi oorhulumente uthumo olukhethekileyo odibeneyo zombini ezi meko. Kwezinye iimeko, le misebenzi yenziwa liqumrhu ezikhethekileyo zezizwe ngezizwe, eyenziwe ngenxa iintetho woxolo.

definition umda, iKomishoni

Le khomishini wayeyixhalabele ukumisela kwakhona kwindawo eyiyo selayini emhlabeni kwaye inkcazo - iProtokholi demarkiruemoy umda kunye isimboli wayo kwimaphu. Kwakhona ungene kolu xwebhu nganye intsika umda kunye zeesekethe imizobo emntwini ngamnye. Demarcation - nkqubo leyo iquka ukungenisa ezinye ukucaciswa nomda kubonisiwe emvumelwano kunye kuboniswa kwimephu encamathele kuyo. Oko kwakungathethi kufuneka zokuhlala ikakhulu kufuphi, neentaba kunye nemilambo. Oku kungenxa yokuba ukungabikho semgangathweni kolwazi ngokupheleleyo noluthembekileyo sixelwe kwisivumelwano.

Ngomhla kwintsimi umda karhulumente loo eboniswe ngeempawu emdeni. Emva kokuba umsebenzi mixed liya kusayina amaxwebhu kwemida, kufuneka imvume onke amaqela izivumelwano ngokungqinelana nemithetho esebenzayo kula mazwe. Ngegunya iphepha Ngu kuza emva kokuba abathathi-nxaxheba baya wananisa amaxwebhu engqina imvume yayo.

umsebenzi Imida umda

Ukuprosesa le Ukwahlulwa kunye uphando ubume bendalo okanye usemoyeni sezwe. Ngokwesiseko umbandela efunyenweyo yenziwe imephu enkulu-isikali zephetshana umda, ekhwele imiqondiso, ilungelelanise tiyimisele babo ubume bendalo. Wonke umsebenzi phezu ekwahlulweni ungene amaxwebhu ezizodwa, apho iqhotyoshelwe kule nkqubo kunye neefoto zabalinganiswa. Hambisa kubamakishi umda akuvumelekanga, kwaye amaqela banyanzelekile ukuba ukuqinisekisa ukuba zikwimeko entle. Khangela ngaphambili ecandwe umda, ukutshintshwa kunye nokubuyiselwa yeentsika umda umonakalo ngokuba "kwakhona kwemida."

umda Russian

Inkoliso imida Russia kunye namazwe ngaphambili kwi eSoviet Union, ukuba "transparent", oko kukuthi phantse ungakhuselekanga nokuqinisekisa kancinci amasiko amanqaku umda. Ukwahlulwa emideni Ukraine neRashiya, kwakunye Russia, Kazakhstan kwenziwa kwinqanaba lolawulo.

Kukho imida politiko. Bona emiselwe ubudlelwane phakathi kwamazwe amabini. Ekupheleni kweminyaka engama-30-XX kwinkulungwane yokugqibela, kumda wasentshona USSR yayigqalwa impikiswano. Oku kuthetha ukuba kumacala omabini kuyo imikhosi kanzulu. Namhlanje, ungquzulwano ekunokuthiwa kumda osemazantsi eRashiya.

imida yezoqoqosho

Kuba uqoqosho ebaluleke kakhulu imida lomfowunelwa, edityaniswe Russia iindlela zothutho namazwe angabamelwane. Zahlula-hlulwe yindibaniso Ukuhlanganisa. Umzekelo, nomda Belarus yi ekudibaniseni. Ngenxa walo ndomelezeka, ukuhambisa abantu, iimpahla ithuthwa ngokukhululekileyo.

Kukho umda umqobo. Ngabo kunzima ukuphumeza kwezomnotho ngenxa kwemiqobo zendalo (indawo ephakamileyo), okanye ngenxa yeemeko ezichazwe ngomnye States. Ukusuka kwindawo esemthethweni umbono bahlule, imida karhulumente-evunyiweyo kunye eqhelekileyo ezisemthethweni, efuna ukucaciswa kunye nesiphelo yesivumelwano efanelekileyo. Iyafuna ukunikela ingqalelo yokuba abaninzi umda Russian kwaye ngoku ahlale lwethutyana.

Ukwahlulwa imida Ukrainian

Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, umgca umda Ukrainian-Russian kuseyinto edala impikiswano, ayigqibe kwemida yawo. Ukraine ne eRussia, ibingaziswa lo mbandela lafikelela esiphelweni esisengqiqweni. Bonke ingxaki kwakhona ezingasonjululwanga ke kwisahlulo intsimi kwi Kerch Strait. Kunjalo, imida yayo ezweni elo lizwe bentsebenziswano zibhalwa ngo-2003 kwinqanaba kamongameli. Ngowe-2004 iphela isivumelwano kuphasiswe la mazwe. Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuba nemida umda Ukraine kwiZizwe eziManyeneyo akufuneki - isivumelwano kufuneka ivunywe yi endlela-mbini, yaye kuphela amazwe inxaxheba.

Ingxaki kwemida umda Ukrainian-Russian

Umba ubhaliso imida karhulumente kwamazwe ico Wavuka 1992 xa umlawuli we yaseRussia Foreign Intelligence yakhupha ingxelo ukuba i-Commonwealth we-Helsinki Act phezu inviolability yemida awusebenzi. Kodwa ke isivumelwano ahambelanayo sele ityikityiwe kwaye ivunywe yiPalamente kuphela 2003-2004. Noko ke, ekwahlulweni imida - loo nto yonke inkqubo. Kwakhona kubandakanya inyathelo of kwemida. Enyanisweni, kwemida - kukusekwa weentsika kumda. Ekuhambeni kwe ukwahlulwa-hlulwa ithi ezikufutshane ziyasetyenziswa ikhadi efanelekileyo.

Emva ukuvunywa sivumelwano amacala Ukrainian kwaye Russian baba ukudala umsebenzi mazwe of kwemida. Sasilungiselela isivumelwano esisayilwayo "Ngomhla kwemida imida karhulumente", nto leyo ngokukhuselekileyo phezu kumagosa etafileni Ukraine naseRashiya.

Iingxaki zonxibelelwano nge Russia

Imida - sisivumelwano mazwe. Kodwa ke iminyaka emininzi-thethwano phakathi kwamazwe amabini asiphumeleli. Kulo mzekelo, ukunqongophala kwemida komnye umda Ukrainian-Russian nzima thethwano kunye namazwe Union aseYurophu. Oku kuchazwe kukuba nama-80% abantu bokufika ufake amazwe EU nje ngaphaya umda kula mazwe. Indlela ukucinezela kwicala Ukrainian ayinayo.

Imida ye komda - yinto ebalulekileyo ukuze thethwano kwi ukulawula Ukraine ukuba NATO njengoko izizathu ezingundoqo ukungaphumeleli ukuza kuthi ga ngoku kukungabikho kwendawo umda ngokwemida namazwe angabamelwane, ukuthobela imikhosi exhobileyo nemilinganiselo NATO kwaye ubukho kwintsimi langaphandle iziseko umviwa. Kwimeko ka-Ukraine, kukho iingxaki ngezi ngongoma zilandelayo: isiseko Russian e Sevastopol, izixhobo umkhosi Ukrainian kwemida lixesha kwaye zingagqibeki. Zizo ezi zizathu ukuba nzima thethwano phakathi Ukraine NATO.

Umba umda phakathi Russia ne China

Umba umda kwahlukanisa phakathi China naseRashiya onesibindi nzima. Yinkinga yayikukuqinisekisa imigca kwi kwimimandla Russian Far East and eSiberia. abasemagunyeni Central kunye zommandla kwakhona bengakwazi ukufumana isisombululo ukuvumelana, emacaleni wavakalisa ukunganeliseki ngu imiboniso kunye awanalo. Uqhankqalazo ngokuxhaswa ezinye iinkokheli zolawulo zendawo. Primorsky Territory Governor Nazdratenko Nina iminyaka yoniwa kwemida kwiinzame zokuthintela "intengiso lokhokho."

Ngenxa imbambano phezu ekwahlulweni nomda China lwenzelwa nqapha. Enye amalungu ikhomishini bekhalaza ngo-1996 nxamnye ukutshintshwa komhlaba eTshayina, barhoxa. Kodwa ke iinkokheli Russian wakwazi uwugudise neziphumo ezibi zonke ezi zibakala yaye ukubuyisela imeko eyingozi elidlulileyo emdeni.

Ukwahlulwa umda Russian-Chinese

November 10, 1997 ngexesha lentlanganiso yesihlanu e Beijing, Russian uMongameli Boris Yeltsin and Chinese uMongameli uJiang Zemin wenza ingxelo ukuba yonke imibandela enxulumene nemida komda phakathi China neRashiya abaye bahlaliswa. Kuba okokuqala kwimbali ubudlelwane phakathi kwamazwe amabini, komgca womda kwi okwimpuma ukuphawulwa zomhlaba ngohlobo isivumelwano esatyikitywa May 16, 1991. Le japan ibaluleke kakhulu, kwaye ukufezekisa oko sibulela kuphela iinzame macala kunye nomdla kumacala omabini.

Emva kwentlanganiso nemveliso kwelona nqanaba liphezulu, iqela kamongameli wayezimisele zabo ukuba baphumeze umsebenzi ekuvunyelwene Imida ixesha kwicandelo elisentshona umda phakathi eRashiya kunye neTshayina. Ukongeza, kwaye kwaqatshelwa ukuba uthethwano phakathi kwamazwe amabini aya kuqhubeka ukuqinisekisa ukuba yonke imiba eseleyo kwi nomda sitsho iye yasonjululwa ngokufanelekileyo nangempumelelo. IiNtloko zoMbuso uchazele ukubaluleka Ukugqitywa ngempumelelo kwemida komda Russian-Chinese. Le nto iyahambelana neemfuno zabemi mazwe omabini, kwaye igalelo jikelele kuzolile, uxolo nempumelelo ukuya kumda China kunye neenxalenye Russia. Kwakhona, lo mbuzo nemida yemida phakathi kwamazwe eziyimfuneko ekomelezeni ubuhlobo kunye nobudlelwane obuhle olungileyo phakathi kwabo ukugcina uzinzo kule ngingqi.