Imbono ethile zokubonwayo eyenzeka ngawo imizobo yabantwana amaqela besebancinane

Asmer Vidadi gizi Abdullayeva

Azerbaijan State Academy of Arts

ISebe "Imbali kunye Theory of Arts Fine" ku Baku

abdullayevaasmer@yahoo.com

 

imbono ethile zokubonwayo leyinene engqongileyo kwi imizobo yabantwana kwiqela besebancinane  

 

Ngokucacileyo, le umzobo ebomini bomntwana has indawo ekhethekileyo. Xa inkqubo indalo umntwana edlala kwiphepha inani elikhulu zonke iintlobo imigca, iimilo zejiyometri, iindawo umbala, zinomtsalane maxa wambi entsonkothileyo kakhulu Izikim compositional namacebo zobugcisa. Ezi iyaqondakala kuphela itakane, mna iimpawu kunye nemiqondiso engqondweni yakhe akhe ibali icon ngokusengqiqweni nengqiqo abazange ukufunda.

Ngokusekelwe koko wabona umntwana kuva esibonisa indlela abstract kakhulu, abanduluka umsebenzi ezithile, ezifana - uzama ukuya kwiphepha ngokuzenzekelayo Wavuka ekucingeni minikompozitsii olubonakalayo. iisayikholojisti abaninzi, echaza isenzeko kwesimbo abstract kubantwana abancinane, Ngokwemvumelwano kukuba uphuhliso usana ubuchule bokucinga xa kungekho njongo.

Ukhankanye ukuba uphando entsimini sengqondo yomntwana lubonisa esigqibeni sokuba, kwi, ihlabathi abstract ngokoqobo, nto leyo idala umntwana iminyaka 2-7 phezu ephepheni, oko abayiqondi akukho erisayikilishiweyo, kwakhona ibe yimveliso uphuhliso lomsebenzi engqondweni kwaye ngenxa yoko musa abavakalelwa i lenkundla unit. I bakufumanisa kunzima ukuba uyavumelana nale izigqibo. Dibanisa iimpawu ngamnye izinto inceda ukudala umfanekiso opheleleyo yoluvo - inkqubo yabantu reflection of izinto ezinzulu zehlabathi ezingqongileyo kunye nefuthe lazo ngqo kwi izivamvo.

Ukunakana isandi kwezinye izinto ezilula yinkqubo entsonkothileyo kakhulu leyo ebandakanya sensor zomsebenzi (sensitive), kunye neendlela zokuthetha motor. Ngokwemiqathango yokuvakalisa graphic, inkqubo kwimbono umntwana ngokusondeleyo ukuya kwicala ngokweemvakalelo engqondweni yomntwana, ukukwazi yawo eyodwa yokuguqula ihlabathi bezinto iseti oluntsonkothileyo iimvakalelo, iimvakalelo kunye namava, okwenza into yokwenene ephepheni kwi ifayini-tune imvakalelo kwi 'i- sukela "psyche akuqolanga. A umdla wokwenene abantwana abaselula inkqubo umzobo edityaniswe, kuqala kwiinto zonke, kunye kungenzeka umntwana ekhoyo, ekhululekile ngokweemvakalelo, lokuphinda nemveliso umfanekiso weli hlabathi.

Uninzi lwabantwana umzobo, imps, sculpt, ukwakha, njl kwaye inkqubo yokudala iyunithi enobuchule ikuthatha ngokupheleleyo ngokupheleleyo. Ukuzoba, umntwana egxile ngokupheleleyo kule yinkqubo engelula, ngaphandle kokuchitha ixesha elininzi kwaye isigqibo yintoni umsebenzi wenziwe ngokukhawuleza ulahlekelwa nomdla kuyo, phantse ungaze uye kuye ababuyi. Ukukwazi yomntwana kwiminyaka 2-7 ngendlela eyayingekaphuhli ukulingisa zakhiwo inombolo yaso esibalisayo sebali, ungasinika nge imizwa nanto ethe, ngokungathi ungaziva ngokuthinta, ngokubeka izinto anemvakalozwi eziphambili compositional - yahlukile. Emva koko, buza imibuzo malunga nebali sifumana impendulo eziphathekayo kumbuzo, oko kukuthi, nangona yokunqongophala amava nezakhono ezithile zobugcisa umntwana phantse usoloko unika igama imizobo yakhe, yaye ngokuqinisekileyo zange ukubiza "kalyaki" ayaguquka okanye tracks okubi ababalwayo . rhoqo kakhulu manqaku kwingxinano, imigca amagwegwe artist encinane ubona zonke iintlobo zezilwanyana okanye ngabantu, kwaye kulinga ukucinga "kutheni akuyiboni thina?" Ndicinga ukuba ngokuqinisekileyo kwi yobudala Isemantiki imbono yabantu neemvakalelo nokubona, kwakunye ezinye zazo yenguqu ibe indlela ethile.

Kukho nemvukelo eliqhelekileyo umsebenzi ezinobuchule umntwana kuphononongo sengqondo yomntwana. Okokuqala, mntwana, ukuzoba, ubani ayeke amabi ahlula kuye, silwe iingxaki zabo. umntwana wesibini kwinkqubo udala umfanekiso othile, njengoko umntu, kunye namandla lwangaphakathi umdali mthombo ungaphelelwayo inkuthazo kunye into ebalulekileyo kuphuhliso ngokomoya ngokubanzi kumntwana ephelele. Okwesithathu, abantwana, ukuzoba, ziphilise ukusuka unxinzelelo ngokwasemoyeni kunye nokwenzakala ukuba kwenzeka ienjini yabo kunxibelelwano ngasemva noontanga.

Kodwa kwakhona, njengokuba kwisikhundla sokuba uhlalutyo wengcibi ayikwazi kodwa makuqatshelwe ukuba imizobo yabantwana abaneminyaka 2-7 abancinane ubona imiqondiso umzabalazo kunye umntwana yena okanye ukuzoyisa kuzo naziphi na iingxaki zengqondo. Ukuba iintsana lwendaba usoloko uzimisele ngokucacileyo, umbala mhlophe ezahlukahlukeneyo, umfanekiso usoloko ngqo eziyelelene ngokucacileyo sebali, umfanekiso ngokubanzi isoloko eyakhayo kwaye imitha kukukhanya ekhethekileyo eshushu. Ukutyelela mboniso zemizobo zabantwana, kuqala ebetha umahluko ubudala yemisebenzi, kwaye asisoloko obuxhasa zovavanyo lwam eli qela esiphezulu.

Okokuqala, nto incasa. Nangona eyahlukahlukeneyo imibala, xa zemizobo ofikisayo umbala amaninzi abandayo ixhaphake, umfanekiso ezaqanjwa ethile eyenziwa ngokuchanekileyo ngocoselelo, iindawo umbala asasazwa ngokucwangcisiweyo yaye ngabom, imizobo yobugcisa zenziwa indumezulu ngaphezu amatakane - ekwakhiweni nzima yobuninzi iinkcukacha ezincinane nezinto zokuhombisa. Oku kubangelwa, Kakade ke, bonke imbono efanayo kunye yayo ephucukileyo yobudala-ngqo. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba umntwana abahamba isikolo ngokukhawuleza ubamba kwi izifundo zokuzoba nendlela utitshala efundisa isifundo luxhomekeke, kwixesha elizayo, uphuhliso ubuchule bokucinga kwi umntwana ethile. Xa umntwana likwinkqubo umzobo ufuna ukuyichazela isifundo esithile okanye isilwanyana, utitshala kudla inyanzela zithetha njani umntwana everyman - ekunene okanye embi; okanye akunjalo. Ngenxa yoko, kukunyameka umntwana ikhokelele kwiimeko ezininzi yokuba wegcisa oselula ngokukhawuleza ulahlekelwa imizwa ukuba abantwana ezizodwa ukuba wayekhona imisebenzi yakhe pre-school.

Kodwa emva imifanekiso abantwana, uyakwazi ukuchaza iipateni jikelele athinte ngamnye umsebenzi kubantwana abaneminyaka 2-7 ubudala, kwakunye nefuthe zizinto ezahlukeneyo ihlabathi Ukunakana into ebonwayo wegcisa encinane. Oku kuba imeko yezentlalo, nto leyo kwixesha elizayo iza kuqhubeka ukuphuhlisa ubuchule, ukuba benze ngayo ngabazali, abahlobo, oontanga, ubuntu bakhe inkcaso abantu abasondeleyo kuye (mzalwana, dade, njalo-njalo), ubunzima ekuqondeni iinkqubo ezithile.

Okwenzeka abantwana ubuchule zibonakala ezinye iimpawu ezingabalulekanga lubalulekileyo yomsebenzi wabo ngokwemeko ongqongileyo kwezentlalo.

Ukuhlalutya isimilo ethile okanye landscape obuvezwa umntwana kwindawo yokuqala, oku ngobambana ukuba yintoni isimo umntwana elisombulula ingxaki isithuba phambi kwakhe njengoko ngokobuqu zinxulumene kwisihloko esinikiweyo. Umzekelo, obonisa izigcawu emfazweni okanye iimeko zongquzulwano, igcisa entsha enkulu ukufeza ibonisa inani leyo closer wabazisa (rhoqo ebonisa kuva ngokwakhe uphumeleleyo, okanye kufutshane yaye dear kumntu yakhe).

Kufuneka kwakhona ingqalelo into yokuba kwiimeko ezinqabileyo, abantwana qela besebancinane nga kubeka phezu lwendaba of mfanekiso elizayo, kwaye ikakhulu kubonisa ukuzimela koluntu kunye nenkululeko yokomoya yangaphakathi kunye nobuwena (ngokufuthi ngabazali nabanonopheli perceptible njengoko ngobungqola) wosana. Kangakanani umntwana, umelene uxinzelelo zizinto zangaphandle, kwakunye ezahlukeneyo engaqondanga akhethwe nguye nokubhaleka ukujonga umfanekiso jikelele kuphuhliso iimpawu ezithile ezibalulekileyo yabantu umntwana kwixesha elizayo. Ukuhlaziya imizobo zabantwana adalwe kubantwana abaneminyaka 2-7 ubudala ezivela kulo lonke ihlabathi, ukwahluka zoqhanqalazo ekucingeni:

isihloko Common: usapho (umama, utata, mzalwana, dade), ukwakheka (ilanga, izulu, nomhlaba, imithi), zasendle (iintaka, amahashe, izinja, iikati), iingcinga, izifundo wentsomi (izilo, Dinosaurs, njl ).,

abalinganiswa iikhathuni iintsomi, fasmagoricheskie ukwakheka (isithuba, isixeko elizayo, idiski eziphaphazelayo , njalo njalo).

Obscheopredelyayuschim ungene kukhetho weendawo of kubantwana abaneminyaka 2-7 ubudala, ezo zifundo ozithandayo, oko singene ebomini bomntwana zibalulekile kuphela kuye ndawo kwaye yavavanywa ienjini umntwana kwinqanaba elithile kwimbono mfanekiso.

Abantwana 2 iminyaka -7 ngokufuthi into ikakhulu ezibonwayo inyule ngokwabo kwaye zibeka ngokwakhe sisincoko ezahlukeneyo lwemeko, ukukhetha umdlali ngokwakhe isifundo esithile, kuva kudala umfanekiso enezigaba of self kwiimeko ezithile, eli candelo engundoqo apho na yena, yena yedwa, yaye ngeenxa zonke kuyo ndawonye izinto kabani intsingiselo compositionally wobulali. Positioning ngokwayo nge umlinganiswa othile wokwenene okanye etsomo, umntwana, lo mgaqo, bona ngokwabo iqela zombini imifanekiso lokwenene kwamnandi, ngokunyanisekileyo bakholwayo oominenga kunye njengabaphambukeli, abamkele njengoko abalinganiswa abahlala kufuphi kuyo. Kanye ngaphambi kokuba afike kwiminyaka ethile, umntwana ushiya ukholo ehlabathini, asinakukwazi kubona. Kwaye kweli xesha imizobo umntwana xa kukho utshintsho ukusuka abstract ukuya yokomfuziselo yodweliso compositional isifundo-Visual kwebali.

Endimthandayo "ISO-isihloko" kuba usana usapho, kwaye ayimangalisi into, ngenxa yokuba lo mntwana akayiboni ngoxa yedwa, ningaqiqi ngokwabo ngaphandle ababathandayo umfanekiso wabo ngaphandle ngokwakhe alwamkelekanga ukuba umntwana onempilo. Abaqalise, isihloko intsapho zinokohluka, kodwa ideologically kuza kusoloko ngokufanayo, yaye le ngcingane kuchazwe isivakalisi esinye (I, unina, uyise, umzalwana okanye udade abathandanayo enye). Kakade ke, ndithetha ingqiqo jikelele ntsapho ngokupheleleyo kwaye zonke itakane ezingekhoyo imifanekiso wildcard kwangaphambili okanye umahluko, oko kukuthi, kufuneka iintshukumisa zabo ezifihliweyo. Ngokuqhelekileyo umntwana, obonisa ngokupheleleyo intsapho yakhe, ukuzama ukudibanisa aphe umlinganiswa ngamnye ngomsonto eqhelekileyo (iingalo ezinxulumene, okanye iinxalenye oqhelekileyo Umbala iimpahla, iindawo ezifanayo omzimba, amabinzana afanayo yobuso, njl) ngokwenjenjalo ngqondweni iminqweno yabo ngaphakathi, bangawazi. Oku kubonisa ukuba usana, ukuba amandla ekhethekileyo kuthetha moya encinane ukudlala ulangazelelo lwabo, iminqweno kunye neemvakalelo, unakho kwinqanaba oluvo kwakhona ukufaka iingxaki elizayo kusapho abadala thina, ngenxa ngasonye kwimiba buthelezi awuboni okanye awufuni ukuba uqaphele. iliso abantwana Optically xa ubona umfanekiso ethile njengathi, kodwa kuthatha ngendlela eyahlukileyo ngokupheleleyo, kwaye ngoluvo lokuba umntwana omdala, nguye neengcali enamandla kumsebenzi, kuba nzima yokucinga lomhlaba, kusini na.

Ngokuqinisekileyo umntwana 7-12 iminyaka ngenxa ukuyilwa injongo ukucinga into yayingumfuziselo ukhangela esengqiqweni ngaphezu koko womntwana enye kwiminyaka 2-7. Ke ngoko kuqala kwiinto zonke, xa kwenziwe uphononongo olupheleleyo imizobo zabantwana, omnye kufuneka bathembele ubunzulu yokuvulwa isiza, kwaye kananjalo iqondo isithuba izisombululo edityanisiweyo ienjini. Uninzi iintsana kuva okhethiweyo yesekethe kunjalo ecacileyo kunye into efanayo central:

umntu (s) - ilanga

umntu (s) - umhlaba-isibhakabhaka

umntu (s) - umhlaba Sun-nebo-

umntu (s) - kole abazinze nebo- ilanga

abantu - indlu - komhlaba-esibhakabhakeni - emthini - Sea

Kuyamangalisa ukuba lo asinto scheme ophambili ebekwe phantsi amahlandinyuka ezisisiseko zibalulekile kunye nentsingiselo ezifihlakeleyo kwimbono behlabathi - abantu, ilanga, umhlaba, esibhakabhakeni, amanzi, indalo, ndlu. Yintoni na intuition? Amandla banga umntwana? Okanye zonke ukukwazi enye eyodwa komntwana - ". Aziveli ingcambu" indlela ekhethekileyo ukuba indawo yabo amathuba Ngamanye amaxesha abantwana ulwandlalo emfutshane shape zaguqulwa kunye nombono imigca esimbaxa ibali bacebisa ingcamango jikelele "italente" abantwana iminyaka 2-7, kunye nokwabiwa abantwana ngamnye kwiqela unesiphiwo kwaye impikiswano njengoko uvavanyo lomsebenzi wazo ngokwimiselo; elungileyo - nokubi, ezintle - emabi, ibizezamandulo kwaye kunzima.

Indlela elandelayo ebalulekileyo esizibonayo ngumama. Abasafunda ukuhamba zenza unina wakhe, ngaloo ndlela ukuguqula umfanekiso ibe uphawu yehlabathi yokwenene, apho umntwana nje abayi ngokwakhe ngaphandle umama. Akumangalisi ke, inkoliso umntwana, ukuzoba unina, ngaba ekwimo hypertrophied. Ekuqaleni impucuko eyayingekaphuhli ngabantu abazenza oothixokazi zabo (abalinganiswa - ukuchuma, nokuzala, njl) kwakunye abantwana umfanekiso kwabakhonzazana, iifom ezandisiweyo ngokubanzi.

artist Young "bengawatyi" kwiphepha uthando lwakhe olungapheliyo kunye nothando unina, ekhoyo kwi ienjini njenge uhlobo weesimboli associative kubonakaliswa iminqweno ephathekayo, umntwana igxininisa kwezona ndawo ebonakalayo omzimba - iingalo, imilenze, isisu, esifubeni, njl

Xa imifanekiso ezininzi kubantwana figure unina - umfanekiso ngokwayo liziko compositional imifanekiso anthropomorphic abantwana, thaca wayesoloko eqaqambileyo, omkhulukazi, imizwa. Xa imizobo yakhe usana kakhulu ulola ingqalelo le kumboniseli malunga ebalulekileyo, nangengqondo, nangokwazi kwakhe, amacandelo yomfanekiso lomzali.

Izandla, iminwe splayed, amagxa ezibanzi - uphawu wokhuseleko, ukuphumla, ubushushu kunye ukwanga.

Imilenze - kusoloko ngokohlobo unxantathu - umqondiso lozinzo, iyahlala eseleyo.

Amehlo - ewayo, nesilima - kusoloko uphawu uthando lukamama, ukhathalelo, namandla.

Iindlebe - uphawu ukuba unina ungeva nokuqonda.

Ekuqaleni ukuba bazobe uninzi lwabantwana kwindawo yokuqala, jonga inani kamama, emnika indawo compositional indawo esembindini ebonisa kanye ukuba, ngokungafaniyo abantwana besikolo kunye elivisayo kubantwana abaselula nomfanekiso lo mfanekiso liqhina non-ngomlomo umthombo obuhlala ngokweemvakalelo phakathi naye kunye nomama wakhe. ukungabinako ukusula ngomlomo amalungiselelo nombono wabo uthando lukamama, ngokucacileyo kwaye eziqhitsini usana itsalela ulwalamano lwakhe kunye nomama wakhe kunye ipensile okanye ipeyinti.

Xa Ucazululo ngokupheleleyo iimpawu ezithile uyilo abantwana kwimeko Ukunakana into ebonwayo, umbhali ngabom nangoko izihloko kakuhle wafunda anxulumene bengqondo umntwana, emisela usukelo ukufunda le ngxaki ayikho kwezonyango, kodwa ngokombono art.

 

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