Ziziphi iimpawu ezahlula ukupeyinta Russian kwinkulungwane XX?

Kwinkulungwane XX kwafika umzuzu xa bonke ubugcisa ubuyeleyo avant-garde. Kwaye ukuba ubuze, yintoni iinkalo ukwahlula ubugcisa Russian ixesha ukususela ngoko kwamanye amazwe, singatsho kakuhle ukuba onke amagcisa nomdlandla avant-garde, Oko ukusuka French lithetha "i-Vanguard".

Imbali uyazi imizekelo emininzi indlela mathuba kakhulu kakhulu, xa utshintsho namathuba, abantu zobuchule baqala ukwenza iintshukumo ezinkulu eyenzelwe ukuba bahlole iziganeko phantsi kwimilo eyahlukeneyo. Noko ke, ngenkulungwane XX waba kulo mba isiganeko ebalulekileyo.

Ukuqala jiang-garde

Amanyathelo okuqala ngabameli Russian avant-garde uwe phezu 1907, xa wadalwa umbutho ubugcisa "Blue Rose", kwiimbutho iinkosi bavuma zeniyo-primitivism kunye umqondiso. Ezi iintlobo zobugcisa, bavula ibhulorho ukuya indlela ngokwesiseko entsha art - avant-garde. Abameli yokuqala sobuciko ngokudangazela le Movement Kazimir Malevich, Larionov kunye Goncharov, izenzo e Moscow Museum of Modern Art.

Ziziphi iimpawu ezahlula ukupeyinta Russian kwinkulungwane XX? Kwaba apha kuqala elitsha elithi "avant-garde" - wawunika ihlabathi Benoit, ngalisayo echaza umsebenzi amagcisa umbutho zokudala 'Jack of Diamonds ", nto leyo ngo-1910 thaca kule abaphulaphuli kwi umboniso" Artists' Union "Innovation yokuqala ukusuka kwindawo lobugcisa umbono lo mfanekiso. Ukususela ngoko kuye kwamkelwa ukuba zonke izinto ezintsha kule endle kuba iinkosi Russian le brush.

Abameli Russian jiang-garde

Iimpawu yokudweba Russian zenkulungwane yama-20. kangangokuba owasungula avant-garde ligama ebanzi, kanti ngalo qho bazalwa ngakumbi nangakumbi indlela ezintsha zobugcisa. Ngoko ke, umzekelo, abaculi ezininzi Russian kumsebenzi wakhe yamsukela isithethe kwimpucuko yaseYurophu: Cubism, Suprematism, Unxibelelaniso, imiqadi, Fauvism kunye Futurism. Abameli ubalaseleyo womntu iintshukumo avant-garde Russian baba Kandinsky kunye Malevich. Bema imvelaphi ukuvela le nto multi-amaninzi zobugcisa abaye baba "aboni 'ukuzalwa ngumqondo kwakhe - abstractionism.

art Abstract yinto ubugcisa nje, apho igcisa usebenzisa ukumela kuphela ngasonye kwimiba associative ezikhona, uphambuke izinqumo yokudweba yamandulo. Eyona nto ephambili bezobugcisa yesimbo - umbala, nto leyo inceda ukunika iinkosi ocean iimvakalelo.

Eyokuqala abo bambiza kwi eksperimenti efanayo Kandinsky. Umbono jikelele ukuze adlulisele kuluntu ukuba singa zotywa kwi ngelaphu umculo, iye umbala yayo kwaye ifomu ekwanti.

Ukusuka abstract ku Suprematism

ukupeyinta Russian lwalusoloko utshintsho esebenzayo ngexesha kwenkulungwane yama-20. Kanye ngo-1909, Kandinsky kuqala zaziswa abagxeki kwakhona umsebenzi wakhe wokuqala abstract, waba nolwazi lwakhe Kazimir Malevich, ngubani nangona kwakukho fan enkulu nantoni na entsha, kodwa, nangona kunjalo, waqhubeka ukuhlala phantsi kwempembelelo Impressionism. Ukusuka kule ndawo kumsebenzi wegcisa ekuqaleni ukuba ayaguquka, nto leyo 1913 wambonisa njengommeli ye Cubo-Futurism.

Ekuhambeni kwexesha, Malevich waphinda wabonisa oko features ukwahlula ubuchule Russian kwenkulungwane XX - yaba ngunozala kwicala zesimbo omtsha, ebizwa Suprematism. Olona phawu olwahlula le meko yaba kukuba iimilo okoxande ibandakanywa kumsebenzi isiseko labalandeli. Enyanisweni, Suprematism - ngolunye uhlobo nomda, njengoko inemisebenzi yayo efanayo:

• nanjongo;
• ukunqongophala kwezakhono;
• zejiyometri (non-HIV ukuze simise nayiphi na imilo zejometri, kodwa ngundoqo umfanekiso uxande);
• asymmetry.

Malevich wayekholelwa ukuba Suprematism i moya entsha zobugcisa, nto leyo ukuqonda olufikelelekayo uhlobo olutsha amagcisa ukuba zikwazile basinde nezingathandwayo elidlulileyo. Ziziphi iimpawu ezahlula ukupeyinta Russian ngaloo mihla? Ngokutsho abameli Suprematism kukukwazi ukuqonda kwinqanaba eliphezulu yobugcisa, ukuze bafunde nemiba kunye statics kwesithuba ngokunciphisa isithuba.