Imali ye-Tenge - yamanje yeKazakhstan

Makhe sikhulume ngembali yokuvela kweyunithi yexesha lamanje laseKazakhstan kunye negama layo, ikhosi ekhoyo ngoku kwii-currenti eziphambili kunye nabaphumelelayo abasenokwenzeka kwisiseko se-Eurasian Economic Union.

Iimali zokuqala ze-Kazakhstan

Ukugqithisa ilizwe, iSalk Road ibenegalelo ekuphuhlisweni kwemali, ekhokelela amazwe amaninzi kwizinga legolide nesilivere. Imali encinci yenziwa kwintsimbi ephantsi. Kwiinkulungwane ze-IV-V, ii-disks ze-copper concave zazisetyenziselwa, kunye neentsimbi zethusi kunye nomngxuma ngendlela yesikwere zachazwa ukuhlala kunye neChina.

Kwiminyaka emakhulu amahlanu imali yaseKazakhstan ishintshile ngaphezu kweyodwa, kwaye ngekhulu le-10 neye-11 i-transaction eyinhloko yayiyigolide kunye nesilivere. Ngenxa yokuthengwa kwe-dirhams, i-alloy yesilivere ngebhedu yayisetyenziswa. Ukususela kwi-XIII inkulungwane kwiimali zesiTurkic, umfanekiso wengonyama nelanga, ethathwa yi-khans ye-Golden Horde, sele ihleli ngokuqinile.

I-Taraz ne-Otrar yimizi yokuqala yokuthatha inxaxheba kwiingqekembe zemali . Baqala ukukhupha iibhanki zabo kwi-1251, ngaphezu kwekhulu elinesihlanu elinamakhulu ngaphambi koomelwane abaninzi, kuquka uRashiya.

Ukuguqulwa kokuqala kunye neyunithi yeemali ezintsha

Iingqekembe eziveliswe zixabiso ngokuxhomekeke ekubunjweni kwazo: iintengo zemali zenziwe ngethusi (iifet), i-dirhams yesilivere yayimile, kunye ne- dinar yegolide yayibaluleke kakhulu . Ngo-1321, uKharen Kebek wanquma ukwenza utshintsho: iimali zesiliva ezivela kwi-8 gram zabizwa ngokuba yi-dinars yesilivere (okanye i-kebec dinars), kwaye i-dirham yaba yubhedu. Kwi-1 kebeck-dinar kwakukho ii-dirham ezili-6.

Igama langoku le mali libuyela kumlawuli weTamerlane, owazisa i-tilly, tengi kunye namachibi. 1 tilla = 21 i-tenge, 1 tenga = 4 i-dirham okanye ama-45-60 amachibi. Leli gama elithi "tenga" lisetyenziselwa ukuchaza nayiphi na imali yemali kwaye yaba ngukhokho wamaqela aseRashiya "ngemali" kunye nokubizwa ngokuthi "imali". Ngoko imali yaseKazakhstan yaba nendima ekwakheni iunithi zeemali kunye namagama abo ngaphaya kwemida yelizwe.

Hlala, ruble! Sawubona, tenge!

Emva kokuwa kweSoviet Union, iKazakhstan yaqhubeka isebenzisa ii-ruble ixesha elide kunabanye, ingena ngokunyanzelekileyo imali yayo. Ekubeni kwakungekho mafama anako ukushicilela iibhanki kwimimandla yeRiphablikhi, ayeyalelwe eNgilani. Ngaphambi kwelizwe eliya kuyo, iibhanki ezintsha zeebhanki ezihamba ngeenqwelo.

Imali entsha eKazakhstan yaqaliswa ngoNovemba 15, 1993, kwaye isantya kwiRuble yeSoviet yayingu-1 ukuya ku-500. Lo mhla wawuyimini yokubhiyozela imali yesizwe saseKazakh. Ngo-2015 i-tenge yajika iminyaka engama-22 ubudala. Ngokungafani namanye amazwe e-CIS, kwakungekho imali yesikhashana kwiRiphabliki: I-Kazakhstan yaqalisa ngokukhawuleza imali yesizwe, eyenza kube lula abantu ukuba batshintshe phakathi kweeyunithi zemali.

Kuyaphawuleka ukuba utshintsho olupheleleyo kwixabiso elitsha alizange lithathe unyaka, kungekhona inyanga, kodwa iintsuku ezi-6 kuphela! Enye into enomdla: ukuba iikopi zebhanki zanyatheliswa eNgilani, ngoko ke kwahlawulwa iintengo zemali eJamani, ukuze imali yangoku yaseKazakhstan inezimpande zaseYurophu.

Amahlelo kunye neengqekembe zeKazakhstan tenge

Ekuqaleni, uhla lwemali lwemali yeRiphabhuliki luquka i-tiyns: kwi-1 tenge - 100 tiyns. Ngaphezulu kweminyaka yokunciphisa, ama-tiyns aphumile kwimimandla, kwaye ngo-Meyi 2016 iimali ze-1, 2, 5, 10, 20, 50 kunye ne-100 zithintela kwixabiso. Kwiibhanki, i-tenge ikhishwe ngexabiso le-200, 500, 1000, 2000, 5000 kunye ne-10,000.

Ukuyila kweebhili iguqule kakhulu ngo-2006. Emva koko kwagqitywa ukuba uprinte enye icala ngapha nangapha, kwaye okwesibini - ngokubhekiselele. Le ngenye yeendlela zeRiphablikhi ukuzibonakalisa njengelizwe elinamhlanje elilikhuphayo. Le migaqo ijongene nokuphuhliswa kwidolophini: iiprojekthi ezininzi zeplastiki zamkelwe kwaye ziphunyezwa. Ngaphambili kwicala lokubhalwa kweebhanki ka-2006, isikhumbuzo seBaiterek (Astana) siboniswa njengophawu lophuhliso. Kuyathakazelisa ukuba iibhonksi zebhanki zale mali zixesha elide libhekisiwe njengolukhuselo olukhuselekileyo ekukhonteni yonke ihlabathi. Imali nganye yebhanki emele imali yaseKazakhstan yayinamazinga okukhusela ama-18, amanye awo abe yintsha kwaye emva koko yaboleka ngamanye amazwe.

Ngo-2010-2012, iibhanki ezitsha zagqitywa ngo-1000, 2000, 5000 no-10,000. I-design entsha ibonakalisa imicimbi yembali yonyaka wamva nje: ukubamba kweMidlalo Ye-Asia-2011, ulawulo lwe-OSCE, isikhumbuzo sokuzimela.

Ezintsha ezintsha

Ukuba kwakungenakho ukudideka kwiindleko zeengqungquthela ezahlukeneyo zeemicimbi, ukususela ngomhla we-1 ka-2016, i-banknotes ngo-2000, i-5000 kunye ne-10,000 tenge, eyanyatheliswa ngo-2006, yaxoshwa kwimisipha. Isiphetho siya kuhamba ngokukhawuleza kwaye sithathe kanye nonyaka, ngexesha apho amanqaku angentla apha aya kuhlala asemthethweni okuhlawulwa.

Kananjalo, baninzi abanomdla kwiingoma malunga nokutshintsha kwimeko yecandelo lemali emva kokungenelela kweRiphabliki kwi-Eurasian Economic Union. Yiyiphi imali e-Kazakhstan eya kutshintsha indawo? Utshintsho olunokwenzeka lwegama leyunithi yemali yeNkqubo yoMbane oyiNyunithi: u-Evraz no-Altyn. Iingxoxo zengqungquthela ekutshintshelweni kwemali enye kwimanyano kuphela kwinqanaba lokuqala. Uninzi lweengcali zibiza i-2025 yeyona nto inethemba lokuqala kwenguqu, kodwa abanye bakholelwa ukuba le nkqubo ayiyi kuthatha enye kodwa ibe ngama-3-5 eminyaka.

Umlinganiselo wokubuyisela kwi-dollar, i-euro, i-ruble kunye nezinye iirhafu

Imali yaseKazakhstan yawa kakhulu, ebonakala ngokucacileyo kwimbali yekhosi. Ekuqaleni kukaMeyi 2016 ezi zilandelayo zizalisekile:

• 1 USD = 327 KZT, okanye i-100 tenge ungathola i-0.31 zeerandi zase-US.
• I-EUR = 373 i-KZT, okanye i-100 yenzuzo ungayifumana iingu-0.27 zama-euro.
• I-GBP = 478 i-KZT, okanye i-100 tenge unokufumana i-0.21 yeepounds.
• 1 RUB = 5 i-KZT, okanye i-100 tenge ungayifumana i-ruble yama-Russian.
• 1 UAH = 13 i-KZT, okanye i-100 yeninzi ungayithola i-8 ye- Ukraine.

Isilinganiso esicacisiwe somyinge sisetyenziswe yiBhanki kaZwelonke, xa kuthengwa imali kwiibhanki ezithile kunye nokutshintshiselana kwinqanaba eliya kuhluka.