Ikamela elinesibini: igama, inqaku elithakazelisayo, umfanekiso

Enye yezilwanyana ezimangalisayo kwilizwe lethu yinkamela. Akayifuni nje ukubonakala kwakhe, kodwa nendlela yakhe yobomi. Ngoko ke, baninzi abanomdla ukwazi igama leenkamela ezimbini ezixhambileyo kunye neenkcukacha ezihambelana nazo.

Njengoko kuthiwa

Okokuqala, kuyafaneleka ukuba ukwazi ukuba eli silwanyana likhaya kwaye lisendle. Ilizwe leenkamela ezimbini ezixhambileyo nguMongolia. Kukho isilwanyana sasendle saziwa ngokuba yi "haptagai". Ikamela elincomekayo elincomekayo elibizwa ngokuba yi-"bactrian". Eli gama lanikwa isilwanyana ngokuhlonipha ummandla wasendulo waseBactria, kwakuse- Central Asia. Le ntlobo yintloko kunazo zonke zeentsapho ze-camelids.

Ukusasazwa kweentlobo

Abaninzi abakwaziyo ukuba yintoni ikamela elinesibini elibiziweyo, kodwa oku akumangalisi, ekubeni kwindawo yethu singakwazi ukudibana nale silwanyana esingaqhelekanga kuphela kwi-zoo. Kodwa e-Central Asia naseMongolia, isilwanyana esiqhelekileyo. Kwakhona kubalwa kwezinye iindawo zaseRashiya naseChina. Ehlabathini lonke, abantu baseBactrian bangaphezu kwezigidi ezimbini. Kodwa ummeli wendalo wale ntsapho yilwanyana engavumelekanga, kwaye isongelwa ukuphela. Ngokwezinye iingxelo, indawo yesishiyagalombili kwillu yezilwanyana ezinobungozi ihlala i-haptagai. Inani labo lilonke lihluka kwibala malunga neentloko ezilikhulu. Ininzi iKhaptagaev inokufumaneka kwiindawo ezithile zaseMongolia naseChina.

Ubudlelwane nabantu

Ikamela elinesibini (igama-ibactrian) lidlala indima enkulu ebomini yabantu base-Asiya. Kubantu abahlala kwizithili zentlango, esi silwanyana siyimoto ebalulekileyo. Bayeke iikamela ukuze benze izinto zeebole, ezifana neengubo, iingubo, iibhotile, iifestile, iimpahla kunye nezinye. Kodwa ulusu, inyama kunye nobisi lwezilwanyana ziya kusebenza. Ukongezelela, umquba wekamela elincinci ezimbini lixabisekileyo, kuba luvelisa amafutha amnandi.

Kubonakala

Esi silwanyana asiqhelekanga ukuba asikwazi ukudideka nezinye izilwanyana. I-Bactrian okanye ikamela elinesibini, isithombe esinikezwe ngezantsi, sikhulu kwaye sinomlinganiselo wama-kilogram ayi-500. Kodwa kaninzi kukho abantu abanzima kakhulu. Ukuba ulinganisa isilwanyana xa sinyuka, siya kudlula iimitha ezimbini, kwaye ukuba uthatha ukukhula kunye ne-hump, ingafikelela kwi-2.7 m.

Isilwanyana sinentamo ende ende kunye nemilenze emilenze. Esikhundleni seempuphu kukho inyawo elitshiyelweyo kunye nemithwalo ebanzi. Ukongezelela, emlenzeni ngamnye kukho iinkqubo ezifana ne-claw.

Kwakhona ikamela elinesibini, ogama linguBactrian, linokuba nombala ohlukileyo ukusuka kumhlophe kumhlophe. Ingubo yomeleleyo kwaye ide, ngaphakathi kungenangqungquthela ukubonelela ukutshatyalaliswa kobushushu obuthathaka. Kwakhona banesibini. Iikhamera ze-molt ehlobo, zitshintsha iingubo zabo. Uboya obudala bukhawuleza, kwaye iiveki ezimbalwa zihlala "zehla" kude kubekho ikhava entsha.

I-hump yezilwanyana

Eyona nto inomdla kakhulu yi-humps. Zingaba ziimo ezahlukileyo, ezidla ngokuxhomekeke kwimeko yekamela. Ngokomzekelo, ukuba isilwanyana silambile, ama-humps angaxhoma, abuyele kumntu odibeneyo aze avuke kwakhona. Oku kuchazwa ngento yokuba kule "zikhwama" kukho amanqatha (ubuninzi malunga neekhilomitha ezili-150), egcina indawo yokutya umzimba. Kwakhona, ezi zikhula zikhonza njenge-insulators yokushisa kwezilwanyana. Ukongeza, ikamela ye-bactrian isithuthi esilungileyo, kuba umgama phakathi "kweengxowa" zayo malunga neentimitha ezingama-30, kwanele ukuhlala umntu omdala.

Impawu zeenkamela

Esi silwanyana sinempawu ezikhethekileyo zomzimba ezivumela ukuba zisinde kwiimeko ezimbi. Ngokomzekelo, inkamela inokuxhalabisa kakhulu, ngelixa ezinye izilwanyana ziyafa kwiimeko ezinjalo. Ngenxa yokulahlekelwa ngamandla kwinyama emzimbeni, esi sihlunu sidla ngokulahlekelwa sisisindo, kodwa xa kunokwenzeka ukuba siphuze, ubunzima bayo buza kubuyiselwa ngokukhawuleza. Ukongeza, ikamela liyakwazi ukuqokelela kunye nokugcina umbane kuze kube yinto ethile.

Indlela yokuphila

Esi silwanyana sichaza kwaye sithanda ukulala ebusuku. Zineentshaba eziphambili, ziingcuka kunye nama-tigers. Ikamela elinezimbini (igama-bactrian) liphila ngo "kwishedyuli", echazwe ngumnini wezilwanyana. Kodwa abantu abafayo bahlala kwizilwanyana ezingama-20 kwaye baxhomekeke kwindoda ebalulekileyo. Ininzi kule ntsapho kuphela kubafazi nabaselula.

Ixesha elide

Xa uneminyaka emibini, amabhinqa alungele ukuba nenzala. Iikamela ezinamadoda zixhatshazwa ngokwesini kunye neminyaka emihlanu. Ekwindla, kuza ixesha lokubamba. Ngokudla ngeli xesha, abanikazi bafaka abafana kwi-leash, kuba beyingozi kwizilwanyana kunye nabantu. Bahlasela abaphikisanayo, bakhuphe, bhonga baze bavumele i-foam. Ukuba indoda ibaluleke kakhulu, igcina amabhinqa kwindawo enye, ingabavumeli ukuba bahlakaze. Iikamela zisoloko zibandakanya ukulwa kule xesha. Nokuba izilwanyana ezizolileyo ziba nzima ngexesha lexesha lokukhula. Basebenzisa intamo enamandla, bezama ukucinezela umchasi emhlabathini, basebenzise amafang, bebambe emilenzeni nasemqaleni, bekhaba intshaba ngeenyawo zabo. Kule meko, ukuba umninimzi angafikeleli iinkamela, ukulimala kakhulu kunye nokufa ngenxa yendoda ebuthathakayo inokwenzeka.

Ngethuba lexesha lokukhupha, i-haptagai ingaba yingozi kubazalwana basekhaya. Bayakwazi ukungena kwi-corral ukuze babulale abesilisa baze bathathe amabhinqa. Ngoko ke, abelusi ngale mihla bathabatha izilwanyana zabo ezintabeni kude neengozi.

Emva kokuqhathaniswa, umfazi uzalisa inzala kwiinyanga ezili-13. Ikamela elilodwa kuphela elibonakalayo ekukhanyeni, elingaba ngaphezu kwama-kilo 45. Kakade iiyure ezimbini emva kokuzalwa, umntwana unako ukuhamba ngokuzimela kumama. Ukulungelelanisa ixesha elide, malunga nonyaka kunye nesiqingatha. Kodwa inkamela inokuhlafuna ngenyanga yesithathu. Ibhinqa iyakwazi ukubeletha kwiminyaka emibili kanye. Xa uneminyaka engama-4 ubudala, iikamela zifika kumaqela, ekugqibeleni ngamnye wabo uhlela "iindawo zakhe".

Iinkcukacha ezimangalisayo

Esinye sezilwanyana ezingavamile, ngokuqinisekileyo, ikamela elinesibini. Iinkalo ezithandayo malunga neli silwanyana azithandabuzeki:

• Omnye umntu uyakwazi ukusela amanzi angama-lititha ezingama-200 ngelo xesha.
• Ukuba isilwanyana sinqume ukuphumla okanye ukulala, asikwazi ukunyuka. Iya kuvuka kuphela xa ifuna.
• Ezi zityalo ziyakudla iameva ezinzima, ngelixa umlomo wabo nomlomo awunakunyulwa.
• Amakha eenkamela angavalwa xa kuyimfuneko (umzekelo, ukugcina umswakama okanye ngexesha lezanti zesihlabathi ukuze isanti ingangeni ngaphakathi).
• Ukuba iqhwithi liqala kwintsimi yokuhlala kwakhe, ikamela lingase lihlale kwindawo ehamba phambili, iimeko ezingapheliyo iintsuku eziliqela.
• Umlenze ngamnye wesilwanyana unako ukwenza "ukukhaba" kwiindlela ezine.
• Baya kwenza ngaphandle kwamanzi ukuba badle izityalo eziluhlaza (iinkamela ezivela kubo zicoca umswakama).
• Enye yamandla okuzikhusela ayaphala. Ukuba uvuselela ikamela, uya kuphuma emkhatsini wakhe isisombululo esingathandekiyo, "esihlawulela" intshaba.
• Ubumnyama beli lwanyana bukwazi ukubonakalisa imisebe, okuyivumela ukuba ingadluli xa ihamba entlango.
• Igama leenkamela ezimbini ezinamafutha "haptagai" kubonakala ngenxa yabahlali bendawo.
• Ixilisi lekamela lome kakhulu, ngoko ke lisetyenziselwa ukufudumeza. Banika umlilo ovuthayo, ongenakutsha.
• Unememori enhle kakhulu encedayo ukuba ingalahleki phakathi kweeninzi ze-barkhans.
• Iikamela zibukhali obubukhali. Isilwanyana sibona ukunyuka entlango kwikhilomitha kude nayo.
• Ingqondo yokuvumba ivumela ikamela ukuba iphile, njengoko ivakalelwa ngamanzi amathandathu makhilomitha.
• Kwimozulu embi, isilwanyana sizama ukufihla. Ukuba isitalato ishushu kakhulu, iikamela ziqala ukuhamba nomoya, zivula umlomo wazo ukuba zipholise kancane kwaye ziphephe ukugqithisa. Basebenzisa umsila wokutshisa.
• Nangona izithuthi ezizodwa kunye nabahamba ngeendlela baqulunqwe ukuba bahambe entlango, uncedisi onokuthenjelwa usekho ikamela elinesibini, ogama linguBactrian.
• Abantu basebenzisa amanqatha ekudleni kwabo, okukuthi "iibhegi" zezilwanyana. Yifanelekile ukuncwina kwaye iyaxabiswa ngaphezu kwenkomo.
• Iikamela zihlupheke kakhulu kumanzi.
• Zithandwa kakhulu kwizifo.
• Ikamela lenkomo linganeliswa ngamanzi anetyuwa, ikhaya eliya kuthi lingafanelanga.
• Bayahlala iminyaka engama-50.