Iiplanethi zesistim somhlaba. Kubantwana kunye nabantu abadala

Inkqubo yelanga iindawo ezili-8 ezinkulu zezulu, ama-satellites amaninzi amaplanethi, ama-comet kunye nama-asteroids. Abantu baye banomdla kwi-astronomy ukususela kwixesha elidlulileyo. Emva koko izazi zazama ukufumana isigwebo somntu kwienkwenkwezi, ukuxela iziganeko ezizayo. Ngaphandle kwamehlo athile angakwazi ukubona iiplanethi ezintlanu, ngoko ukubunjwa kwenkqubo yezilanga kwixesha elide libukeka njengeVenus, Mercury, Mars, Saturn kunye neJupiter.

Kuphela ngokufika kweetelesiko, izazinzulu zazingakwazi ukujonga ngokubanzi isakhiwo sezinto ezisemhlabeni ezaziwayo kwaye zibone iiplanethi ezikude kunye ezingaziwa ngaphambili. Ukuqaliswa kwezikhululo zokuqala zezithuba zajika ezininzi zeembono zabantu kwaye zabonisa iiplanethi zesistim somhlaba ngokukhanya okutsha. Kubantwana, esi sihloko sinomdla kakhulu kwaye siyafundisa, kuba incinci "pochemachok" inomtsalane yonke into engaziwayo.

Okukufutshane neLanga yincinci kakhulu kwinkqubo yomzimba wasezulwini - iMercury. Kananjalo kungabizwa ngokuthi "iplanethi yokungafani", ekubeni elinye icala liyancibilika ekushiseni kuma-degrees ama-300, kwaye enye ilusayo kwaye imnyama. Oku kubangelwa ukuba i-Mercury ihamba ngokukhawuleza ijikeleze i-Sun kwaye ihamba ngokukhawuleza ijikeleze i-axis yayo. Akaba namakholwane.

Abaphengululi bekufuneka bancede, baze bafumane uphando ngeVenus. Le iplanethi engacacanga ifakwe kwi-20-kilometer ye-hectare yamafu, ngaphantsi kwayo isihogo sangempela, njengokuba ubuso bomzimba wasezulwini uphelelwa kumadireji angama-500. Ngenxa ye-nebula eqinile, imisebe yelanga ayangena apha, ngoko ubumnyama bubusa kuVenus. I-atmospheric iqukethe i-carbon dioxide, imvula ye-sulfur iya rhoqo, kwaye imimoya ixoshe amafu ngesantya esikhulu.

IMarsi yafumana uzuko lweplanethi ethandwayo yenkqubo yezilanga. Kubantwana, kukho iincwadi ezininzi ngababhali abadumileyo bezobuxoki bekhulu leminyaka elidlulileyo, ababekholelwa ukuba apha kukho ubomi. Lo mzimba osemazulwini ngokwenene unjengomhlaba, usuku luhlala nje ngaphezu kweeyure ezingama-24, indawo ye-axis iyafana ne-axis yeplanethi yethu. Kodwa ubomi ku-Mars abukazanga kubonwa, i-atmospheme ayibonakali kakhulu, ilanga liyatshisa kakhulu, ngoko ukushisa apha akudluli i-0 degrees.

Iiplanethi ezinkulu ziquka uSaturn, Jupiter, Neptune no- Uranus. I-Jupiter yafumana ubuqaqawuli beplanethi enkulu kwinkqubo yelanga. Kubantwana kuya kuba mnandi ukuba ijikeleze ngesantya esikhulu, kwimoya yayo kuphela amafu abonakalayo ngokukhawuleza abonakalayo. Umzimba wasezulwini unendawo enamandla kakhulu. Unama-satellites ayi-16 awaziwayo.

I-Saturn iqukethe i-helium ne-hydrogen, kubanda, kwaziwa ngokuba yimimoya ekhawulezayo. Inomdla omkhulu kunenkqubo yeendandatho ezijikeleza umzimba wasezulwini. Okwangoku, izazinzulu azifumananga ngcaciso, kwaye zifumene imibuzo engaphezulu kuneempendulo. Unama-satellites ayi-15 ayaziwa.

I-Uranus ne-Neptune nazo ziyingqongquthela, kodwa zinqabileyo, kungekhona igesi. Iyokuqala inomhlaba oqingqiweyo, ihlanganiswe ngama-satellites ama-5. Isibini sibonakala njengomhlaba ngenxa yombala obomvu obanzi. Ngejubane lomoya, akukho maplanethi wesimiso selanga angancintisana neNeptune. Kubantwana, akuyiyo imfihlo ukuba uPluto wayebhekwa njengeplanethi, kodwa ke kwagqitywa ukuba ayikhuphe ngaphandle kwoluhlu kwaye ihlelwe njengemizimba yasezulwini, apho kukho iiplanethi ezingama-50.