Iintsholongwane zenkulungwane-yesibini i-diabetes mellitus

Kwimihla yamhlanje, inani elikhulu labantu abanesifo sikashukela, esibonakaliswa kukuphulwa kwezenzo ze-insulin ngenxa yeenguqu kwioli, iprotheni kunye ne-carbohydrates metabolism. Ngokubanzi, uhlobo lwesifo sikashukela se-2 lufumaneka kwi-90% yezigulane, lukhokelela ekuphazamiseni ukuphuhliswa kwezitho kunye neenkqubo zomzimba womntu, kwimithambo yegazi, amehlo, intliziyo kunye neentso. Isifo sikashukela singenasimilo yobudala obucacileyo kwaye sinokukhula malunga naluphi na ubudala, isifo siqala ukubonakaliswa ngokunyuka komzimba, xa amazinga eshukela egazi ephakama egazini. Kwomntu onesifo esifana nesifo sikashukela se-2, i-insulin iveliswa, kodwa akakwazi ukufumana i-glucose egazini. Isizathu sokuphuhliswa kwesi sifo sesifo sikashukela kukuncipha kuma-receptors yeeseli ukuba asabele kwi-insulin, ngenxa yoko, i-pancreas ivelisa inani elikhulu. Kukho iinkalo ezininzi ezenza ukuba kuvela isifo sikashukela:

1. Ngethuba lokukhulelwa, i-hormone yokukhula ikhupha utshintsho kwimpendulo yeeseli kwi-insulin;

2. Abasetyhini banako ukuphuhlisa lesi sifo;

3. Ukunyanya;

4. Ubuninzi bobuhlanga.

Kufuneka kuqondwe ukuba uhlobo lwesi- 2 lwesifo sikashukela alinalo imfuneko yokufa, aludluliswanga naliphi na indlela. Ukuseka izizathu ezichanekileyo zokuvela kwayo akunakwenzeka namhlanje.

Oogqirha bathi i-diabetes mellitus i-2 impawu zezinto ezingenangqondo. Ukuba eso sifo sikhula iminyaka emininzi, oogqirha bancomela ukuba uphathe unyango nge-insulin okanye i- hypoglycemic drugs. Nangona kunjalo, esi sifo asikwazi ukupheliswa ngokupheleleyo, ngenxa yokuba ezi ziyobisi zinceda ukunciphisa ushukela wegazi ngexesha elifutshane, ngoko kungekudala kufuneka usebenzise i-insulin injections, enokubangela ukuphuhliswa kokukhuluphala, ukuhlaselwa yintliziyo okanye ukushaya isifo, umhlaza, ochaphazela Kwiingcamango zomzimba we-insulin.

Ngokubanzi, iimpawu zokuphuhliswa kwesi sifo zibandakanya:

- ukoma nokulamba;

Ukuvuthwa rhoqo kunye nokwanda kwenani lomchamo;

- utshintshe kwisisindo somntu;

- indawo yezifo ezithathelwanayo;

Ukukhubazeka okubonakalayo kunye nokuphulukiswa kancinci kwamanxeba;

- Ubungqina bemida.

Xa ufumanisa i-type 2 yeswekile, kuyimfuneko ukuhlola iimvavanyo zegazi kunye nomchamo kwinqanaba lomxholo weshukela kuwo. Kwiimeko eziqhelekileyo, umntu ufumanisa ukuba ubukho besifo emva kwexesha elide ukususela ekuqaleni kokuphuhliswa kwalo, ngelixa kuvela iingxaki.

Ukunyanga kwesifo sikashukela kudla ngokuqalwa kweempawu zesifo, kunye nokubeka esweni isifo se-metabolism, ukukhusela ukuvela kweengxaki, ingongoma ebalulekileyo kukunamathela kwisondlo esikhethekileyo, ukuthotyelwa komyinge wezinto ezenziwa ngokomzimba, ukubeka iliso kubalulekile apha. Nabani na oluhlobo lwe-2 lweswekile, ukutya kufuneka kuhlaziywe, kususe kwimveliso yokutya equkethe i-carbohydrates. Ukuba ukutya akusebenzi, amayeza anqunywe ukunciphisa amazinga eeshukela egazi.

Imigaqo yokutya:

1. Musa ukuvumela ukusebenzisa ukutya okuqukethe i-carbohydrate.

2. Thatha ukutya okuncinci ngaphezu kwamahlanu ngamaxesha.

3. Yidla ukutya, isiqingatha sayo sineziqu zemifuno.

Ukumelana nokutya okunzulu, ungaphatha lesi sifo ngaphandle kokusebenzisa amayeza.

Ngokuqhelekileyo, uhlobo lwesi-2 lwesifo sikashukela sisifo esifanayo, unyango olwenzekayo ngaphandle kokusetyenziswa kwamachiza, kufuneka uhambelane kuphela nokutya okuthe ngqo. Xa ugula ixesha elide, usetyenziswe iziyobisi ezichasayo, okumele kusetyenziswe kanye kuphela ngosuku.