Iintsholongwane izifo kunye neentlobo zabo

Bacterium amagciwane prokaryotic isakhiwo zeselula. nobukhulu zabo - ukusuka microns 0.1 ukuya kwi-30.

Amagciwane zixhaphakile kakhulu. Baya bahlala emhlabeni, umoya, amanzi, ikhephu, kunye nemithombo eshushu, umzimba wesilwanyana, kwakunye ngaphakathi eziphilayo, kuquka abantu.

Eyona eziphambili ze iintsholongwane

Ukusasazwa iintsholongwane kwiintlobo isekelwe kwindlela eziliqela, phakathi apho kaninzi kuthatha ingqalelo uhlobo micro-eziphilayo nendawo yazo lomhlaba. Ngenxa yoko, ngokohlobo iiseli iintsholongwane zihlukaniswe:

• Coca -, abanini micro isidanga kunye streptococci, staphylococci, kunye sartsiny;

• intonga - monobacterium, diplobakterii kunye streptobakterii;

• kwalula iintlobo - vibrios kunye spirochetes.

Ukuhlelwa iintsholongwane nayo iquka imeko eludongeni bacteria:

iintsholongwane 1. Igram-HIV kunye wall iseli zibhityile - myxobacteria, photosynthesis Cya kwiifom ukukhulula oksijini (icyanobacteria);

2. Igram iintsholongwane HIV kunye noboya iseli eludongeni (clostridia kunye actinomycetes);

3. iintsholongwane Igram-negative, ecingisisiweyo udonga iseli (mycoplasma);

4. Igciwane leyo ibe nodonga iseli njengesonakeleyo - kwiqela ezincinane iindlela zamandulo, bangaba methane.

Kukho iqela elithile ezincinane - neebhaktiriya baye babizwa kwamagciwane. Bathe ngokutya igazi nezinye izinto ezibangela iindidi izifo ezosulelayo ebantwini, izilwanyana okanye izityalo

Cinga iintsholongwane zixhaphakileyo ezosulela abantu.

• Goch cholerae - elibangela ikholera. Usulelo zezi Cya ngayo emanzini, ukutya, ngezandla ezimdaka kunye nezinto vibrios eyosulelekileyo. Umthombo ekusasazweni kwesi sifo zizigulane kunye nabakhi ezo musa ukuphuhlisa ikholera, kodwa bezandlala amagciwane phakathi kwabanye;

• eletha indodana kunye Flexner - ebangela uphuhliso segazi twa phakathi kwabantu ngeendlela ezifanayo njengoko edlulileyo micro-ephilayo;

• eletha Goch - i-arhente causative sephepha. Isasazeka njani kwabanye abantu izigulane emoyeni kunye amathontsi Phum isixokelelwano sokuphefumla kunye ekhohlela abantu abosulelekileyo;

• inegciwane zeClostridium nominxano - libangela izifo kakhulu - ngqi. Usulelo lwenzeka kukudibana clostridia lomhlaba zingcoliswe kwakunye ukudluliselwa iintsholongwane ukusuka isilwanyana okanye isigulane yabantu;

• Yersinia pestis - i-arhente causative lwesibetho, ebangela kuphela uhlobo ukudumba zesi sifo, kodwa umonakalo lung kakhulu;

• Mycobacterium leprae - kukhokelela kuphuhliso seqhenqa, oko ngakumbi elidume yaziwa ngokuba liqhenqa, kwaye luphawulwa izitshanguba ulusu kunye inwebu yangaphakathi, inkqubo neuropathy luvo;

• Ezi ukubola komqala - izinto ezibangela ukubola komqala - ngezifo kakhulu, luphawulwa izitshanguba le kwiinwebu oropharynx ukwenza ezinezikhondo umboniso, ukunxila, izitshanguba zentliziyo, luvo kunye kwizintso;

• kuba luthuthu treponema - oko arhente causative uNdikhoyo negcushuwa, esi sifo neegcushuwa kwaye ebangela kolusu, inwebu yangaphakathi, enyama yangaphakathi, amathambo kunye nenkqubo luvo;

• Helicobacter pylori - i silwanyana ebangela uphuhliso sifo isilonda Peptic.

iintsholongwane izifo ingabangela ezinye izifo ezininzi ezinkulu ngumonakalo amalungu ahlukeneyo, nto leyo efuna unyango olufanelekileyo. c

iintsholongwane izifo kungabangela impendulo systemic yokukrala umzimba, inyumoniya kakhulu, meningitis kunye nokudumba, nkqu kunye nophuhliso bothukile, nto leyo ekhokelela ekufeni, ngoko kubalulekile ukuba ukuthintela amagciwane ekungeneni umzimba. Ukulungiselela le njongo, iindlela ezahlukeneyo zisetyenziswa antisepsis kunye magciwane.