Atlas Iintaba - lizwe eyahlukileyo esezintabeni

Uninzi kummandla Afrika kwi-Afrika lithospheric nembasa. Yeyona iqonga indala kwixesha elidlulileyo kwakukho inxalenye Ilizwekazi olukhulu ajenos. Kweli xesha Triassic phantsi kweempembelelo imikhosi yangaphandle Umhlaba entabeni ephakamileyo amabanga ezazikho kwilizwekazi endala, ziwile. Kwiimpazamo noqweqwe, ukuyilwa uHorst, iinyikima zomhlaba, mlilo kwakhokelela ukuyilwa amathafa lihlangana, Amathafa eziphakamileyo, nezitya ezinkulu iincopho ezintsha. Afrika - kwilizwekazi kuphela apho kolundi ezintsha ntaba kwasekwa hayi imimandla izakhiwo lisongiwe. Le ntaba iphakamileyo eAfrika zinabela kwiinduli eMpuma Afrika. Mountain Range Drakensberg kwasekwa kwinxalenye esempuma yezwekazi esemazantsi. South of ilizwekazi erhangqwe liyinkangala ezintabeni Cape kunye emntla ololulele Atlas kwiiNtaba. lwamawa zabo northern abekwe ngqo kwi kwisiphambuka iipleyiti ezimbini lithospheric.

Atlas ezintabeni, okanye Atlas benza Buze kumntla kwilizwekazi le-Afrika, nto leyo siyahlukana Southern eYurophu kuphela strait Gibraltar. North-West Coast kwelizwekazi ukuya ngasentshona yi-Atlantic Ocean empumalanga kunye entla - kuLwandle lweMeditera. Emzantsi, akukho umda ichazwe ngokucacileyo eSahara, ukuba yenziwe yi unyawo esemazantsi kwiintaba Atlas, apho umhlaba alubi entlango.

Atlas kukunyuka kakhulu ntshonalanga Afrika. Intaba lomqolo lususela Atlantic kunxweme nge Morocco, Algeria ukuya kunxweme Tunisia. Luquka ezi High Atlas iintaba, Tel-Atlas, i Atlas Saharan, kuMbindi Atlas, Anti-Atlas, umhlaba emhlabeni kunye namathafa. Ingongoma eliphezulu North Afrika kunye Atlas Ephakamileyo intaba Toubkal, ufikelela umphakamo ka 4167 m. Kwakhona intaba iphezulu North-Afrika. Atlas kule ndawo zokhahlamba efana kakhulu Alps neCaucasus. Ngokwahlukileyo koko, kuMbindi Atlas yi ihewu-ezifana phezulu kunye zisikwe yi iintlambo ezinzulu. Mpumalanga yi nokuqhubekeka High Atlas Atlas Sahara. Ukuya ngasezantsi High Atlas, Anti-Atlas intaba lebanga - kuvuswa Cenozoic iintshukumo ngaphandle kwamacwecwe yamandulo.

Imvelaphi ezintabeni Atlas uqhagamshele iimpazamo ezinzulu ukwakha lineaments (elements isiqabu yomgama). NgokoMthetho zejoloji i Atlas Mountains kuyamangalisa ngenxa yokuba sondla ndawo kulo ulwandle olukhulu isitya nokususa komhlaba, umhlaba ophantsi mkhulu ehlabathini Sahara entlango.

Kunxweme lweMeditera, ngokulandela iikhonto zonxweme, ezinemithi intaba oselula isongiwe kuyehla Rif Atlas, Atlas Tel-ukuya ku-2500 m. Basimisela nokuqhubekeka ngqo zeentaba yeSisili yeSpain. kwiincam zeentaba abaninzi, kuquka Toubkal, ngaba mlilo extinct.

Umdla, kodwa abantu basekuhlaleni Atlas asilogama olunye kuluhlu entabeni, kukho amagama kuphela umhlaba ngamnye emikhulu. Ngokwabo igama "Atlas Iintaba", "sabheka 'abantu basekuhlaleni azisebenzi. Bona zithathwe eYurophu imvelaphi yayo iintsomi zamandulo, leyo kuculwa njenge "entabeni Atlanta", indawo Atlas ititan wentsomi, okanye Atlas, Perseus similise entabeni Afrika kuba engafuni iindwendwe.

Ubukho ezintabeni Atlas kuqala wazi zehambo ngawo. yenkcazelo eneenkcukacha kwinkqubo lwezimbiwa uqulathwe imisebenzi Maksima Tirskogo. Kodwa landiswa kakhulu ingcamango uluhlu intaba le ngumphandi obalaseleyo German uRolf Gerhard Afrika. Yena bezenze engumSilamsi wayiwela Atlas High, wathi nenkungu imephu entabeni, wabancina kohlaza elikhulu Algeria waziphosa Sahara.

Atlas Mountains, ibekwe kufuphi Marrakech, zithathwa ukuba abe mdala. ubudala babo umiselwa Cretaceous kunye namaxesha സോഫ്റ്റ്വെയര് isoftwe.

Iimpawu ze-landscape mihla le Atlas Iintaba kuxhomekeka imozulu kakhulu elizwekazi kunokuba owomileyo. iinkqubo yemozulu olubanzi kukhokelela ukutshatyalaliswa iintaba kunye nokwanda zabo emazantsi isixa esikhulu kobutyobo, ekukhoyo kuzo nakummango aphezulu kunye neencopho ngokwaneleyo amqengqelezi elibukhali. It eyahlula isiqabu naye omzimba eyomeleleyo ilunga. iintaba Wayixakaxa nemiwonyo enzulu, umphezulu lwangaphakathi yasethafeni kunqunyulwa inkqubo lamajelo - nelifa ixesha eladlulayo.

Ngokuba iintaba Atlas eqhelekileyo Imozulu yeMeditere. Noko ke, oko ke akucingeleki, yaye ngokuxhomekeke ukuphakama zazinzima kakhulu. Ngenxa yoko, indawo le High Atlas features intaba imozulu eqhelekileyo cool, ehlotyeni enelanga ebusika kakhulu. Iqondo avareji xa lifika zasehlotyeni + 25⁰S ubushushu ebusika uvikivwa ukuba ngamanye amaxesha -20⁰S. Kufuphi Atlas Mountains luphawulwa kwemvula kakhulu ebusika. Kule ndawo kukho rhoqo nezikhukhula.

Ngeli xesha zasehlotyeni kumphezulu lwangaphakathi ezigodini ihewu esotha ngamandla, iqondo lobushushu besukelana + 50⁰S. Night, phezu koko, epholileyo kakhulu kunye kuneqabaka rhoqo.

Uqweqwe plant Atlas itshintsha xa uhambisa evela kwimimandla engaphakathi unxweme. kumathambeka aphantsi igutyungelwe ooAshera nemithi yesundu, nenomlanga, bushland evergreen namahlathi oki. Kumathambeka aphezulu zigqunywe ngamahlathi of yew kunye Atlas zemisedare. Inland iintili, umhlaba kwimihlaba saline abana- ezi semi-intlango kunye emaqeleni ezomileyo.

Phezulu ezintabeni kukho emakriweni eneentaba, ezahluke ukwakhiwa kwawo iintlobo ze basike ezintabeni yaseYurophu. Ngokwabo phezulu kummango akanayo kwezityalo, yaye inxalenye enkulu yonyaka ziyabandakanywa likhephu. Xa eentaba esemazantsi kwiindawo intlango kunye kohlaza ngamaxesha athile.

Animal World Atlas imelwe iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zezilwanyana of Africa and Southern Europe: inenekazi, nempuku, imivundla, leengcuka, sisikhundla seempungutye, iikati zasendle kunye civets. Kwi ematyeni bafumana Barbary Macaque, ndyoka ezininzi namacilikishe.

Population High na Phakathi Atlas ingqalelo emazantsi leentaba nezihlambo, apho ilizwe asetyenziswe ekunkcenkcesheleni yaye alungiswa phantsi nasemasimini omnquma, zesitrasi, kunye nezinye izityalo. Ngomhla masimu of amathambeka eentaba iidiliya ezilinywa. Labantu bendawo nayo ukwenza ukufuya iinkomo, ukulinywa cereals alpha nzima - a zexabiso ekrwada lokuvelisa iphepha entle eziphathekayo.