Iintsana ezinokuqala. Ungakusindisa njani ubomi?

Ngowe-1979, ugqirha waseColombia waphakamisa indlela yokulondoloza ubomi bentsana engaphambi kwexesha. Waqulunqa kwaye wazalisekisa indlela esetyenziswa ngempumelelo kumazwe amaninzi. Ngaba uvile nge "kangaroo indlela"? Funda ngokucophelele eli nqaku.

Iintsana zokuqala zizalwe ngelixesha lokufikelela kwiiveki ezingama-37 zokukhulelwa. Ngenxa yexesha elifutshane lophuhliso lwangaphambi kokubeletha, ezinjalo iintsana zinzima kakhulu. Inani eliphezulu lokufa kwabantwana kunye nokuxhatshazwa kubonwa ngabantwana abasanda kuzalwa.

Kukho iimeko xa umntwana elinganisa i-280 g kuphela. Umama wayephethe i-fetus kuphela iiveki ezingama-21 kunye neentsuku ezingama-6. Esi siganeko, esenzeka eMiami (eFlorida, eU.SA), eyayiyingqayizivele-intombazana yayingumntwana omncinci kubo bonke abantwana abasengumntwana ozalwe ngokuphila. Ngenxa yokuba ngaphambi kwexesha, abantwana abazalwa baqatshelwe ukuba abanakulungeleka ukuba bazalwa ngaphambi kweeveki ezingama-23 kwaye ubunzima babo bungaphantsi kwe-400 g.

Abantwana abanesisindo esincinci bafakwa ngokukhawuleza kwi-incubator, apho umntwana ehlala kwindawo efudumeleyo kwiimeko zokuthuthuzela kuye. Kwi-incubator, uya kuba yinto enokuthi isisindo sakhe asiqhelekanga.

Indlela ye "kangaroos" igcina ubomi

Kwamazwe anonophelo lwempilo ephantsi kakubi kwizibhedlele, ukungabikho kwezixhobo kunye nabasebenzi bezonyango, kunye neemeko ezinganelisekiyo, ukusasazeka kwezifo eziyingozi kakhulu.

Omnye ugqirha onokunyamekela ovela kwisixeko saseBagot, eColombia, weza ngendlela efanelekileyo yokunceda usana olutsha. Iyintoni isiseko sayo? Iintsana ezinokuqala ziwa phantsi kolawulo olukhethekileyo lwabasebenzi, kodwa ukunyamekela kuzo kuya kuqhelaniswa kwiimeko ezinjalo. Okwangoku, oomama bafumana uqeqesho olukhethekileyo, indlela yokunyamekela umntwana. Ngokukhawuleza ukuba imeko yomntwana izinzileyo, kwaye ufumana unamandla ngakumbi, umama uphendukela kwi-incubator ephilayo yomntwana. Ngayiphi indlela?

Umntwana unamathele emzimbeni womama phakathi kwamabele. Usana luyakuthinta umzimba womama kwaye luhlala lufudumele. Ifana nengxowa ye-kangaroo, apho iintsana ezingaphambi kwexesha zikhula-ziziva zikhulu apho. Unina unako ukondla umntwana wakhe nobisi lwakhe, kwaye olu nxibelelwano lubeka uxhulumano olusondeleyo phakathi koomama nomntwana.

Ukuphakama kwalo mgaqo kubonakala: indlela ikhuselekile, ayifuni nayiphi na izixhobo kunye neendleko ezongezelelweyo. Umama unxibe iingubo eziqhelekileyo kunye nekhanda okanye i-blouse ekhululekile. Xa ixesha lifika kwaye umntwana ufumana ubunzima obuncinane, uya kukhutshwa ekhaya kwaye isibhedlele kuya kufuneka ukuba uhanjelwe kuphela kwiimviwo eziqhelekileyo kwinqanaba labantwana.

Kwamanye amazwe, izalamane zifundiswa ukuba yi "kangaroo ubawo," "unina ka-kangaroo" kunye nokuba "udadewabo we-kangaroo" ukunceda umama xa lixesha lokuba aphumle. EMexico, oogqirha baye basebenzisa le ndlela elula ukususela ngo-1992. Ngethuba lamashumi eminyaka, babekholelwa ukuba kusebenza kakhulu, kuba kunciphisa ixesha elingaphantsi kweentsana ezisenesikhathi esasichitha esibhedlele, kodwa kunye nenani labafundi.

Iintsana zokuqala - iziphumo kunye neengozi

Ngokudabukisayo, phakathi kokuzalwa kwangaphambili, unako ukudibanisa nabantwana abakhubazekile ngokomzimba nangengqondo. Bangakwazi ukufumana izifo ezifana nalezi:

• Ulwaphulo oluthile;
• Ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo, ukukhubazeka kwesiberebhu (ukukhubazeka kwe-cerebral palsy) ;
• Umbono ongenakwenzeka kunye nokuva;
• Ukuxhamla.

Iziphene zokuphuhliswa kweemfuyo ziyabonwa - amaxesha ama-10-12 ngokuphindaphindiweyo kunabantwana bexesha elipheleleyo. Xa uneminyaka yobudala, abaninzi abantwana abanjalo banenkxalabo, ukwesaba ubusuku, ukungaqiniseki.

Ngako oko, amanyathelo okukhusela avimbela ukuzalwa ngaphambi kokuzalwa kubaluleke kakhulu. Phakathi kwazo:

• Ukunyamekela impilo yabasetyhini kwasebuntwaneni;
• Ukuthintela ukukhipha isisu;
• Izimo ezifanelekileyo xa ukhulelwe;
• Ukuqwalasela ugqirha ngexesha lokukhulelwa nokubeletha.