Zintoni izinto ezibangela zedumbe lengqondo ebantwaneni?

Ngenkulungwane idluleyo, kulo lonke ihlabathi, kuquka amazwe ico, inani labantwana abakhubazekileyo abanedumbe lobuchopho. Ukuba ngxi phakathi kwenkulungwane yokugqibela, kodwa iingcali, akukho mntu wayesazi ukuba oko Cerebral Palsy, kodwa namhlanje phantse wonke umntu nezalamane okanye abahlobo, sokumchukumisa ngqo obu bubi.

Zintoni izinto ezibangela yobuxoki Cerebral Palsy kunye nokwanda okukhulu kwenani labantwana ngale unesifo? Kutheni abazali uphilile, amabhinqa kunye oqhelekileyo nobungakanani isinqe, abahlala kwimimandla ecocekileyo eziphilayo kwanokuhlonela zonke izindululo oogqirha ngexesha lokukhulelwa, kodwa abantwana bazalwa abanedumbe lobuchopho?

Ekuhambeni kwexesha lethu, unesigulo sobuchopho - hayi sisifo esahlukileyo, kungekhona uxilongo etiological siphelise esichazayo ukuba ezisa kunye abantwana ongaboniyo non-okuqhubekayo iintshukumo ngokuzithandela (Ataxia, UKUQINA, hyperkinesis). Kwelinye icala, umbutho abantwana kwezi ukuphazamiseka zibe iqela enye, ogama - Cerebral Palsy inceda ukuba bagxininise kwi unyango kunye ukuyilwa kwezakhono ukuze kwimo ngempumelelo ngakumbi. Kwelinye icala, lo gabalala nzima isigulo kwangethuba, khangela amanyathelo ayimfuneko zothintelo, kunye nonyango ekuqaleni isifo yomntwana (ixesha oyingozi).

Cerebral Palsy - isifo ezininzi. Ichaphazela, kuqala, luvo central zabantwana, ie, ingqondo kunye umnqonqo. Ngenxa yoko, kukho izinxaxhi apha ekukhuleni komntwana, ezahlukahlukeneyo xa ubungnqongqo. Ngamana ukwenzeka, nokuhluthwa kwimisipha motor inkqubo - intshukumo ngoko umntwana kukhawulelwe ngokungaphelelanga okanye ngokupheleleyo, uququzelelo aphazamiseka. Malunga nama-70-85 epesenti yabantwana zentetho Cerebral Palsy kakuhle (kuba mhlawumbi kobonelelo okanye engekho ngokupheleleyo). Kwezinye abantwana kukho ekubulaleni psyche, ngamanye - strabismus okanye ukungaboni. Umntu iye kwakhona ehamba izifo -. Ngokuxhuzula, hydrocephalus, njl Uninzi aba bantwana ziphazamiso nendibaniselwano ezahlukeneyo. Oko kukuthi, ukugula umntwana ngamnye kubonakaliswa ngamnye. Ukubiza sifo elithi unedumbe enye lobuchopho, oogqirha baye bafumana kukho iintlobo ezininzi. Nesifo CNS indlela okubi umntwana kuya kuxhomekeka ubomi bakhe kunye amathuba zobuqu.

E Melika, abanedumbe lengqondo kwenzeka ebantwaneni 1-2 kwafika 1,000 nganye. In Russia thina la manani ngqo, kodwa kweziganeko, ngokutsho uqikelelo ezahlukeneyo, 6-12 (!) Abantwana 1,000 nganye.

Kutheni abantwana bazalwa abanedumbe lobuchopho?

Namhlanje amagqirha igama oonobangela ezininzi zedumbe lengqondo ebantwaneni. Kulo mzekelo, indawo yokuqala kubeka phambili uhlobo ukoyiswa ingqondo ezingekazalwa nangoku Esibelekweni, ebonisa izinto ezingaphezulu kwama-400, ezifana izifo ezingapheliyo kunye etsolo yomama, izifo, imikhwa emibi okhulelweyo okanye uyise anikele umntwana, nkqu nobunzima psychological! Kodwa namhlanje, kwinqanaba eliphezulu ekufumaniseni ezingaqhelekanga foetal, ukungaphumeleli yezi zizathu Kucacile!

Umzekelo ubungqina ekunokuthiwa ubuncinane into yokuba ukuzalwa xa iintsana Uqhaqho, yiba diagnosis encinane okanye akukho zedumbe lengqondo. Kwaye oku nangona esi sifo oomama (imithambo, yonyango, yoluvo, nkqu abanedumbe lengqondo), nephropathy okanye toxicosis xa ekhulelwe, kwesisu kunye nezinye izisongelo.

A imali rodostimuliruyuschih ziye phesheya ukususela 50, yaye kwilizwe lethu - ukususela ekuqaleni 60s, kwaye kwilizwe lethu ukuba zisetyenziswa ebuza phantse kuyo yonk 'indawo. Yaye ukususela ngelo xesha, yaye ndaqalisa ukuphawula ukunyuka okukhulu kwamanani abantwana abanedumbe lobuchopho.

Eyona unobangela mdali Cerebral Palsy kwekota, kundibanekela XIX in yeenkqubo zengqondo. Little, ebizwa hypoxia ngexesha zabasebenzi (oksijini ayoni) nokuzalwa nomenzakalo, onakalise umntwana ebuchotsheni.

Ngoko ke, ukwanda kwiminyaka lwakutsha nje lwabantwana abane zedumbe lengqondo ithi ukuba luyanda inani kwasekuzalweni. Oku, elidityaniswe ngqo rodostimulyatsii.

Ekuzalweni kufuneka komzimba iinkqubo (ngamanye eziqhelekileyo) abakulo umanyano close. zokurhwaqela Okokuqala ukulungiselela isibeleko azalelwe - lokuvula wesibeleko kunye lomsele ukuzalwa kulungiselwe bona. Ngokwesiqhelo, umntwana kwintloko luzalwa yaye ngokuhlanganyelana (kwemichiza komzimba) kunye Umama ilungiselela ukuzalwa. INtloko usana uziqhele emjelweni ukuzalwa ubukhulu, enkosi nezimo we amathambo yokakayi iikhompawundi ebantwaneni.

Power kuzelwe usana izondlo eziyimfuneko ioksijini kokudlula kwi imfesane yosana kunye iplacenta unina, ukuze nayiphi yokunyusa ukuzala uphazamise ngokulula ukuvisisana kamama nomntwana kwinkqubo jikelele lokuzalwa. Kodwa ke eneneni namhlanje, xa nokubeleka indawo uncedo osikwa ngenxa yokungenelela wokulwa inkqubo yokusebenzisa ngokungeyomfuneko, iindlela wawuyingozi.

Nazi iindlela eziphambili zokungenelela kwinkqubo yendalo zokubeleka:

1) imngene kwiqamza kunye fluid ngaphambi kwexesha. Ngenxa yoko, ngexesha yabasebenzi, intloko sana onzakele ngenxa amathambo sikanina zangasese njengoko kwiqamza ezele ixesha elithile esebenza njenge "shoka absorber" - okoko nje intloko sana ulungiselela ukuba sicatshulwa lomsele wokuzalwa.

2) Ukukhawuleziswa (okanye ngumntu induction) unikezelo iziyobisi okanye ezinye iindlela phambi kokuba umntwana elungiselelwe sicatshulwa lomsele wokuzalwa. Kulo mzekelo, ukonzakala entloko umntwana luzalwa.

3) Ingqondo ye izishunqulelo usebenzisa yioxytocin kunye nezinye iziyobisi, ebangela umntwana ufumana ukulimala kuphela, yaye ukongezelela, kunye hypoxia - yokunqongophala kwe-oksijini kunye nokutya (ingakumbi ubuchopho). Ngapha koko, kunye nokuncipha nganye, ngenxa ziba kwemithambo ephotheneyo, ukucola okanye eyeka zibaleke igazi ngumkhaya. A izishunqulelo aphemba (ngokugqithiseleyo kakhulu ixesha namandla) ukuphazamisa ngokuvisisana yentsebenziswano phakathi kumama nomntwana. iziphumo Hypoxia in umonakalo endothelium le emithanjeni kunye kakuhle ukuzeyisa ebuchotsheni baby ebuchotsheni. Ngenxa yokwanda uxinzelelo lwemithambo kwaye palsy nokunyuka ithombo legazi. Oku zonke izinto ezibangela ingqondo umonakalo umntwana: nokudumba, legazi, ischemia. Oko kukuthi, esona sizathu zedumbe lengqondo.

A umntwana nokukhawulezisa inkqubo zendalo abasandula ufumana ukonakala kwengqondo yingozi. Nangenxa yoko, aba bantwana emva kokuzalwa ndibonakale hemi tetroparezy, DYSTONIA, UKUQINA, Ataxia, hyperkinesis, ugobile ibhuthi, ubuso kunye iziphelo, ukungaboni, ilahleko ukuva, kunye hydrocephalus.

Into yokuba unobangela Cerebral Palsy - hypoxia nokuzalwa kokwenzakala kwi yoqheliso zabasebenzi, qinisekisa manani: emakhwenkweni palsy kuxhaphake kakhulu amaxesha 1.3 ngaphezu koko amantombazana. 3/4 amatyala Quadriplegia kakhulu kwaye ulungise ke amakhwenkwe obufunyenwe uxilongo zedumbe lengqondo. Kutheni? Ngenxa yokuba intloko ezelwe amakhwenkwe ngokuqhelekileyo likhulu kune amantombazana, ngoko amakhwenkwe ukuzalwa umothuko kunye hypoxia yayisalawulwa i zizalwa nemvelo rhoqo ngakumbi.

Makhe senze kwisigqibo emfutshane. Ukunciphisa iziganeko zedumbe lengqondo kuyimfuneko ukuba anikele ingqalelo ekhethekileyo ukuze benze nokubeleka, ekhoyo kweli lizwe lethu.

Emva imigangatho yokubelekisa ngawo umsebenzi ngoku - akuboni, ezingacacanga kwaye alisayi kuwathathela ngqalelo kungenzeka umonakalo kwisistim luvo lo mntwana ngenxa zovuselelo ezinjalo. Ngenxa yoko, ubunzima ezizezi abantwana: ulibaziseko mafutha okanye uphuhliso intetho, ukusuka ehamba tiptoe (ngenxa isandi kwanda ukugoba ayeke) naphambi ukuyilwa zedumbe lengqondo, ukuva kunye nombono, syndromes hydrocephalic nabanesathuthwane, ADHD (abangalinganiyo izidanga sandla, zaye awayezibona 35% abantwana namhlanje), isifo se-nervous system yawo ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo, okanye ukukhubazeka engqondweni ukuya autism.

Ngoko ke, kuyimfuneko ukuba ukwandisa uxanduva iziphumo ukuzalwa yokubelekisa kwaye phambili nemeko yomntwana. Namhlanje ezibangela zedumbe lengqondo banganxulumaniyo kwimisebenzi umbelekisi unikezelo zinkonzo. Oku kwenzeka ngenxa yokuba kusetyenziswa iindlela zokuxilonga ezifana ngqo, ezifana MRI kunye CT scan ngoko nangoko emva kokuzalwa komntwana, kwaye ngapha koko, ukuphazamiseka abantwana intshukumo ziba kwabonakala de kuphele iminyaka yobomi yokuqala endala okanye kamva.

Icebiso: Kufuneka ukhethe i obstetrician elungileyo, oluthembekileyo yolawulo yabasebenzi. Urhulumente kufuneka ukuvala ukukhuthazwa inenimba kwi isikali enkulu kangaka. Mayilandelwe ithathelwe rodostimulyatsii akhawunti kuthetha ukulawula ukusetyenziswa kwazo. Ukongezelela, kukuxhobisa yonke esibhedlele elektrosredstvami eqhubekayo iliso wosana intliziyo isingqi kunye zesibeleko umsebenzi, eziza kuba nokuthintelwa hypoxia noncedo wena ukhethe unelungelo indlela yonikezelo lolawulo. Kwakhona kuyimfuneko kukuxhobisa izixhobo esibhedlele ngenxa CT kunye MRI Diagnostics - oku kuya ukuchonga ukwenzakala ebuchotsheni kunokwenzeka kwixesha lokuqala, nokwandisa iindlela zonyango. Yaye tip oomama: iintsuku zokuqala intswelo yomntwana ukuze iqatshelwe luvo elungileyo. Ngamanye amaxesha abantwana kwafunyaniswa ukuba "usongo zedumbe lengqondo," yaye asinyangeki, ngokuba kunyaka wokuqala iingxaki ezininzi luvo ingasombululwa. Eyona nto ibalulekileyo apha - musa ukuba baliphose ixesha.