Iintlobo yomsebenzi abafundi eklasini. Umbutho, iimpawu kunye neziphumo

Abaphengululi abaninzi wabalaselisa kukuba ukwanda umfundi umdla eklasini ngokuqinisekileyo ukwanda kunye ngempumelelo izinto kunye nawo.

Kwaye oku, ke, kufuneka ootitshala ukuze adale iimeko eziyimfuneko ukuze kuphuculwe umsebenzi nasengqondweni.

Iindlela ukwandisa umdla ukufunda

Ukuze wenze umsebenzi cognitive abafundi kwizifundo zabo kufuneka utitshala:

- sebenzisa iindlela ngeendlela neentlobo umbutho kwenkqubo yemfundo;
- ukudala umoya eyimfuneko umdla umfundi ngamnye kangangoko kunokwenzeka ukuba bathabathe inxaxheba kumsebenzi yonke iklasi;
- bakhuthaze abantwana ukuba iingxelo ze usebenzise ngeendlela ezahlukahlukeneyo ukuze afeze imisebenzi yabo ngaphandle koloyiko ukwenza impazamo okanye ufumane impendulo engeyiyo;
- ukuhlola umsebenzi wabafundi, hayi kuphela kwiziphumo, kodwa kwinkqubo yophuhliso izinto ezintsha;
- ezisetyenziselwa uphuhliso izihloko zabantwana izinto yayisetyenziselwa ukuba avumele umfundi ukukhetha uhlobo afanelekileyo wena kunye uhlobo imisebenzi yokufunda;
- ukwenza isifundo imeko ethile zokufundiswa zonxibelelwano eya kuvumela abafundi ukuba babonise ukuzimela kunye phulo.

Kodwa ukuze kwesifundo kwaba yimpumelelo, utitshala akufuneki kuphela isicelo kakuhle iifomu ekhoyo kunye nendlela yokuziphatha yaso, kodwa rhoqo ukubandakanya abantwana iindidi zemisebenzi yokufunda.

Uphuhliso umdla ulwazi

Ekwenzeni nayiphi na inkqubo zokufundisa usebenzisa iintlobo iindlela kunye neendlela ukomeleza umsebenzi wabafundi. Ngelo langoku nqanaba kubaluleke ngakumbi, kuba uluntu kufuneka abemi afundile, bakwazi ukucinga ngokuzimeleyo nokwenza izigqibo kuyo nayiphi na imeko.

indlela ziququzelele imisebenzi zoqeqesho abafundi, ukuze bona rhoqo babonisa umdla ekufundeni izinto eziyimfuneko? Ukuze benze oku, kufuneka utitshala:

- ukubandakanya abantwana kwinkqubo "ezifunyaniswe 'ezizimeleyo ekufuneni ulwazi olutsha;
- iyantluko umsebenzi wokufundisa njengoko iindlela obungabangeli mdla ekufaka nesithukuthezi;
- chaza ukubaluleka nemfuneko yobukho isifundo yayo;
- ukuqhagamshela isihloko esitsha ngolwazi sele kufakwe ngaphambili;
- bazama ukwenza ukufunda nzima, kodwa kwangaxeshanye kunokwenzeka;
- umahluko indlela, esekelwe phezu neempawu zomfundi kunye negunya lakhe noqeqesho;
- rhoqo ukujonga nokuvavanya ukusebenza umfundi;
- ifuthe abafundi yobumhlophe Ukubonelela ngezixhobo zokufundisa, impendulo yabo iimvakalelo kunye nenzala.

umsebenzi imidlalo

Iintlobo ngeentlobo zemisebenzi zabafundi eklasini abakwaziyo ukuvelisa umdla indaba. Enye indlela yokufunda eqhubayo idlala. Lo msebenzi xa phantsi neemeko esidalwe ngumntu ukusungulwa ifumaneka abantwana amava ekuhlaleni. rhoqo utitshala wasebenzisa umdlalo kwi zigaba yokuqala ukufunda kwesi sifundo. Bona ingqalelo kakhulu ngempumelelo iindlela zokufundisa.

iintlobo Game lwemisebenzi umfundi eklasini yenza sikwazi ukuthetha zendalo. Kulo mzekelo, abantwana isuswe uxinezeleko olungeyomfuneko kunye nokwanda umdla kwinkqubo yokufunda. Oko kukuthi umdlalo ikuvumela ukufumana amathuba nefihlakeleyo ngokuqinisekileyo kuya kukhokelela kuphuhliso ngempumelelo izinto umfundi. Yaye uya kubenza bakwazi ukuphuhlisa izakhono eziyimfuneko.

Ezi ntlobo zemisebenzi yemfundo ezifana imidlalo kwezemfundo, individualise umsebenzi owenziwa kwigumbi lokufundela. Ngelo xesha linye kunokwenzeka ukuba umfundi ngamnye kwaye wenze kakhulu ukukwazi layo ukuphuhlisa. Ngexesha lomdlalo, abantwana bafunda ukuba bashwankathele, ukuthelekisa, hlela nokunxibelelana, ngokunjalo, okona kubaluleke kakhulu, ukuba benze izigqibo ezizezabo. Ekuqaleni, abantwana banomdla kuphela kule meko bacebise ngutitshala, kwaye ngoko ke impahla ehambisana. Lo mntwana ubonakala imfuneko ukuqonda, ukufunda yaye unkqaya umxholo omtsha.

Ezi ntlobo zemisebenzi yabafundi yokufunda kwigumbi lokufundela njengoko imidlalo kwezemfundo, kuba sisixhobo esibalulekileyo, ukufundisa umsebenzi engqondweni yabantwana isebenze iinkqubo zabo nasengqondweni. Konke oku kunegalelo ukubonakalalisa umdla inani labafundi kwinkqubo kwingqiqo. Abafundi kunye umnqweno ukuphuhlisa izakhono zabo kunye nobuchule, imikhosi abaqeqeshiweyo boyise kunye nobunzima kakhulu. Ngenxa nayiphi imidlalo ngokungenisa imathiriyeli utitshala sisondela, idala yonwabile kunye nokuziva ulwaneliseko. Konke oku kube lula kakhulu inkqubo nokwenziwa. Faka zonke ezikhoyo ekufundiseni imisebenzi yabafundi kwi-Biology eklasini kunye Chemistry, iilwimi Russian amazwe, uncwadi, imathematika, inzululwazi, njalo-njalo. D.

uhlobo Front uqeqesho

Kukho ezinye izinto abafundi eklasini xa yonke iklasi ngexesha elifanayo yenza isethi jikelele phambi ukusebenza bonke abantwana. Kulo mzekelo, abafundi bathelekisa xoxa kwaye ishwankathela iziphumo. Lo msebenzi besikolo ekuthiwa ngaphambili. main inzuzo yayo kukuba Utitshala usebenza neklasi yonke ngexesha elinye. Oku kukhokelela ukusekwa ukuthembana phakathi kootitshala kunye nabantwana, ngokunjalo ngaphakathi kwigumbi lokufundela. Abantwana beza ingqondo yoluntu. Bafunda ukuthetha, kwaye bafumane iimpazamo kwiingxelo amaqabane akhe. Kulo mzekelo ukuyilwa umdla cognitive oluzinzileyo abafundi esebenzayo ngakumbi.

Nangona kunjalo, imisebenzi ngokungqalileyo abafundi eklasini kuneengxaki zako. Ngenxa kwamandla yokusebenza ezahlukeneyo kunye nokulungela abantwana musani ukuma nesantya enye. Nabanina umntu kwinqanaba elisezantsi amathuba oqeqesho, umfundi phambili kufuna ingqalelo ngutitshala. Strong njengoko abafundi zibalulekile kwi enzima ngakumbi loo msebenzi, kuphela kulo mzekelo, umsebenzi eklasini iya kukhokelela ukuba kunyuswe izinga lolwazi. Kule meko, kuba ngobuchule inkqubo zemfundo kufuneka ingasetyenziswa, kunye nezinye iindidi zemisebenzi yabafundi yokufunda eklasini.

umsebenzi weqela

Olu hlobo mbutho kwenkqubo yemfundo yinxalenye iindidi zemisebenzi yomfundi. Kulo mzekelo, utitshala yahlula iklasi ibe ngamaqela ezicacisa imisebenzi yesifundo esithile. Iimpendulo zale mibuzo zinikwa nganye nabafundi. Nentlangano efanelekileyo sikhuthele onke amalungu eqela. Kulo mzekelo, abafundi ababuthathaka akazange azifihle ngomthunzi namandla kakhulu, yaye, bona, oko abayithintelayo ukuzimela kunye phulo abafundi bakwazi kangako.

umsebenzi weqela, akukho mathandabuzo, kunganxulunyaniswa nembono adibeneyo ngayo umsebenzi abafundi. impumelelo yayo iya kuxhomekeka phezu ocacile loxanduva phakathi le yunithi, kwakunye nenkxaso zokusebenza kunye nenkxaso kootitshala.
Imithetho imisebenzi yamaqela kufuna inguqu lomgadi nokwakhiwa kwabafundi, isiqingatha abaya kuba abo ukuze basebenze ngokuzimeleyo. Ngelo xesha kwandisa kakhulu abafundi uncedo umntu omnye komnye. Iziphumo zezi misebenzi buqapheleke kakhulu. Abafundi baqhele ukusebenzisana kunye nokusekwa ngaxeshanye iimpawu zabo ezintle yokuziphatha.

Lo msebenzi besikolo eklasini phantse egqibeleleyo. Nangona kunjalo, kodwa ayikwazi angafuni kwezinye iindlela zenkqubo yemfundo. Iimpawu kwimisebenzi ephambili abafundi ivumela isigqibo sokuba bonke bephela ukucombulula iingxaki zabo ezithile kunye ezihlobeneyo nezinye ngokugqibeleleyo.

umsebenzi ngamnye

Le ndlela ixesha elide kakhulu ezingabizi nezingqinekayo ngokwandisa ukusebenza kwenkqubo yesikolo cognitive kukuba balungiselelwe umsebenzi wabo ezizimeleyo. Kwiklasi langoku lo msebenzi ithatha indawo ekhethekileyo. Inyaniso ukuba bencedwa umsebenzi ngamnye uyakwazi kakuhle nobutyebi obungumangaliso bolwazi.

Independent msebenzi abafundi kuquka abantwana uzibekela usukelo utitshala yayisetyenziselwa, ukuza apho ufuna kangangexesha elithile. Oku ikhuthaza umfundi ukuba afune ulwazi olutsha, ngokunjalo ukuhlanganiswa ngakumbi kwaye reflection. Kulo mzekelo, ifomu umntwana nokuphuhlisa izakhono eziyimfuneko eziphathekayo uqeqesho ngokubanzi systematized.

umsebenzi Independent iyasebenza ekuphuculeni umgangatho cognitive zomfundi. Eneneni, kwelinye icala, ukuba yinto msebenzi yezemfundo, oko kukuthi into zemisebenzi yomfundi. Kwelinye icala, imisebenzi ngamnye - luhlobo ukubonakaliswa yokucinga, inkumbulo kunye nomfanekiso- bokuyila ukuba uyakhula nzulu umda ulwazi kakade. Nangona kunjalo, kufuneka kukhunjulwe Khumbula ukuba kubalulekile ukuba kubekho ulawulo kwicala utitshala kunye noncedo lakhe ngexesha elifanelekileyo naziphi na iingxaki.

GEF

Owona msebenzi ubalulekileyo kwinkqubo yezemfundo mihla ezikolweni ukuphuhlisa isakhono abantwana bafuna ufumane nayiphi na imisebenzi emitsha kunye nolwazi, kwakunye ekwakhiweni kwicala ezinqwenelekayo ukuzithemba kwabo. Kwaye apha emsebenzini kootitshala inceda kakhulu i- Federal Standard Educational State. It is a iseti yemithetho ethile nemimiselo ukuba zaseprayimari, amaziko emfundo aphakamileyo kunye ephakamileyo kusetyenziswa.

imisebenzi ephambili yabafundi iklasi ka-GEF waqukumbela ekuthatheni inxaxheba kwabantwana kwiimeko ezahlukeneyo zokufunda ukuba uyibeke phambi kwabo utitshala. Utitshala kule meko yenzelwe ikakhulu ukubukela. umsebenzi wakhe - ukukhokela nokuncedisa, kodwa zibe ngumqulu encinci. Nkqu okufunyenweyo abafundi kufuneka bakwenze ngokwabo.

Ngexesha izifundo, oluqhutywa yi imilinganiselo GEF, utitshala usebenzisa yonke imisebenzi yesikolo kunye. Yenziwa kusetyenziswa indlela ezininzi mihla uphuhliso izinto ezintsha (yekhompyutha, i-intanethi, eziviwayo kunye nevidiyo AIDS njalo njalo. D.). Kakade ke, ayikho ngaphandle iincwadi kunye namakhadi, izixhobo ezibonwayo kunye nemifanekiso.

Umbutho kwenkqubo yemfundo e izifundo iincwadi

Le nkqubo yokufunda uneempawu zawo. Apha, abafundi basebenza ngeetekisi lweendidi ngeendidi ezahlukeneyo zoncwadi. Kulo mba, wonke umsebenzi utitshala yakhelwe algorithm ilandelayo:

1. A ingxoxo yokuqala, kuquka nokuhlaziya amava umfundi esikhoyo.
2. nabaqheleneyo zokuqala kunye itekisi, apho kukho imbono jikelele kuyo.
3. izucheiie oluneenkcukacha itekisi oqhuba uhlalutyo lomxholo.
4. gabalala ukufunda.

Ngokuhamba nganye yezi zigaba, iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zabafundi. Kwiiklasi uncwadi indlela ebalulekileyo noxanduva kukhetho lo ethile abafundi umsebenzi ifomu, nto leyo eza kuxhomekeka kwimveliso ethile kunye neqondo iklasi qete.

Ngoko, kwi kwinqanaba lokuqala pre-umbhalo, utitshala kuquka imveliso yevidiyo okanye zinika abafundi Ukujonga ividiyo kwisihloko. Iintlobo zemisebenzi umfundi nazo ziquka:

- Mamela ibali elungiswe ngutitshala okanye abafundi;
- ukufunda amagama anzima ukuqonda;
- imithambo izicelozokuguqula, etc ...

Xa inkangeleko engundoqo abafundi bakwazi ukunikela olu hlobo imisebenzi efana:

- ukufunda ngokuvakalayo imveliso;
- ukufunda ngokuzimeleyo;
- ukufunda kumsebenzi chain.

Uhlalutyo olucacisiweyo imisebenzi enokwenziwa:

- kufundwa ukukhetha abafundi izicatshulwa;
- xa efunda incoko kunye nezimvo;
- njenge ukufunda ophawulwe amagama engavakaliyo, njalo-njalo ..

Xa inkqubo ashwankathele itekisi izifundo iincwadi abafundi bayakhuthazwa ukuba:

- instsenirovanie;
- imibongo contest yokufunda;
- ukwenza ingxelo evela kwindawo apho iziganeko zenzeka umsebenzi kumbuzo, njalo-njalo ..

Kuqhutywa izifundo e IsiNgesi

I GEF inikezela imithetho kunye neemfuno labafundi abafunda iilwimi zasemzini. Kukho kwakhona umsebenzi obalulekileyo ezizimeleyo. Ukongeza, kukho neminye imisebenzi abafundi eklasini ka IsiNgesi. Xa echaza imithetho yegrama okanye xa usebenza nge-magama kunye itekisi utitshala kufuneka abe isicwangciso ecacileyo isifundo. Kubalulekile ukuba kucace gca ukuba umxholo kunye neenjongo, kwakunye imisebenzi bamsukela xa kuqulunqwa izinto ezintsha. Utitshala ihlela iimeko uphendlo kunye ingxaki kwaye enza umsebenzi besikolo. Isebenzisa zonke iintlobo imisebenzi abantwana (group kunye ngokungqalileyo, ngamnye udlala).

uqeqesho Modern inika abafundi ukubukela iimovie kunye neekhathuni e IsiNgesi, leyo isenokuba enamagama okanye ngaphandle kwazo. Uphuhliso uncedo eziphathekayo kwaye umamele ezahlukeneyo izinto ezirekhodiweyo (imibongo, iingoma, iingxoxo kunye neetekisi).

Kuqhutywa izifundo zolwimi Russian

Imigangatho ezintsha zokufunda karhulumente afuna ukuba abaselula ukuphucula izizathu ezixhasa ukufunda ulwimi lweenkobe. Kulo mzekelo, umsebenzi ongundoqo utitshala ukubonisa ukuba ulwazi efumaneke ngelona isikolo amalungiselelo ayimfuneko ebomini ukukhangela iinkcukacha eziluncedo, nto leyo kwixesha elizayo kuza kufuneka isebenze kwimeko ethile.

GEF icebisa ukusetyenziswa kweentlobo ezahlukeneyo umsebenzi abafunda kwizifundo ulwimi Russian. Kuqala kwinto zonke, abafundi bayamenywa umsebenzi ngokuzimeleyo. amanyathelo anokuthathwa katitshala zinikwe embodiments ezahlukeneyo. Oku kuya kuvumela ixesha ukwalathisa inkqubo yemfundo kwicala elifanelekileyo. Kulo mzekelo, abafundi basebenza:

- iintlobo ezahlukeneyo emlonyeni (isampuli, isichazi-magama, njl ...);
- ukusebenza umbhalo (olu hlobo lomsebenzi yinto eyonwabisayo kakhulu kubafundi);
- ukuvavanya ukuqinisekisa inqanaba ngoku kokugqibela ulwazi;
- umsebenzi ngee tafile kunye namacebo inkxaso, ezithi zisetyenziswe izixhobo ezibonwayo.

Isifundo yezibalo

Namhlanje kwizikolo zasesekondari lizwe lethu kolu phando yeeSayensi ngqo ingasetyenziswa ngokungqalileyo, iqela neentlobo ngamnye inkqubo yemfundo. Le misebenzi iphambili abafundi eklasini izibalo. ingqalelo kakhulu inikwa ngaphambili. Noko ke, ubukhulu becala imiyinge imisebenzi yaye yenzelwe ukuba izinga elithile lomsebenzi. ingqesho elilelona abafundi kunokwenzeka self-msebenzi. Le Uqwalaselo imisebenzi ezizimeleyo, apho zivunywa iziphiwo kunye nophuhliso lomntu ngamnye. Kuba abo musani ukukholwa ngamandla abo, utitshala kufuneka anikele amakhadi abahlohli (oku kubaluleke ngakumbi xa sijamelene neengxaki geometry).

izabelo ngamnye zemathematika ibalulekile nokuvuselelwa izakhono ezikhoyo umfundi. Liphuhlisa umsebenzi kwengqondo zenzululwazi, kwaye ubambe iinkomfa zesikolo, neesemina zoqeqesho kunye neentetho.
Kunye imisebenzi ngaphambili yaye ngamnye kwabafundi, izifundo isicelo Group (ezihlangeneyo) uhlobo lomsebenzi. Oku kukuvumela ukuba ukwandisa umdla kwabafundi ukufunda imathematika kwaye baqhube ukuthatha izigqibo ezizezabo iimpendulo emininzi mibuzo ibalulekileyo ebomini.