Ezithandwa komzimba? Mhlawumbi nandzu ufuze Neanderthal

Ukuba ukuphepha iintyatyambo zasendle, iziqhamo citrus, itshokolethi okanye amandongomane ngenxa negazi, atyhole ooyihlo Neanderthal, hayi kanye mandithi, yofuzo.

Apho kufuneka Neanderthal yemfuza?

Yinto eyaziwayo ukuba Bamandulo Phaya kunye Cro-Magnons denisovtsy (izinyanya ngabantu namhlanje) - kukho iintlobo ezintathu ezahlukeneyo. Njani, ke, namhlanje, abanye abantu zibonakala nokuba Neanderthal okanye Denisovskoe yemfuza?

Kwavumela ezi ntlobo ezahlukeneyo yaba kakhulu siphila ixesha elifutshane, kodwa ngokwaneleyo ukuhlala kunye kwintsimi enye. Ukongeza iimfazwe ungquzulwano kwimeko yomntu kwemitshato engumxube, nabantwana azalelwe kubo baba ibhastile - abathwali zofuzo ibe nye, kunye nabanye. Kungekudala emva kokufika Cro-Magnon kunye Neanderthal Denisovskoe abantu izakulahleka angabikho ehlabathini, eshiya indoda mihla kwi-4% yofuzo.

Yintoni ulwalamano ilifa zofuzo komzimba?

Umzimba - a abasabela ngayo amajoni omzimba ukuba ezintweni. Ukuba unayo uxabana, oko akuthethi ukuba inkqubo buthathaka omzimba, kunokuba koko. Le pesenti encinane zofuzo, wena njengelifa ngukhokho Neanderthal, wenza amajoni akho omzimba qwa kakhulu okhawulezayo kubundlobongela. Ngoko ke, ukuba uya nje kuphela iintsholongwane kwaye izifo, kodwa kananjalo akunangxaki ezifana umungu kunye Lutho yebhalsam.

Wonke umntu besive kugqatso abaseAfrika, ilifa ukusuka kwisi-1 ukuya kwisi-6% zofuzo lwe Neanderthal izinyanya. Kutheni kungekho umntu uxabane kwaphela? Izazi kunye zofuzo lubonise ukuba umntu Neanderthal iimpendulo omzimba sele ziphuhlisiwe ngcono kakhulu ngaphezu Cro-Magnons. izakhi Neanderthal ilifa abantu mihla, isiphumo kakhulu ebalulekileyo Toll-ezifana receptors, leyo ukulawula inkqubo kokuzalwa omzimba kunye nempendulo zeselula umzimba ukuba ezintweni. Ngako oko, le iphezulu ipesenti genome ilifa, kokukhona ithuba negazi lakho.

kuphando lwemfuzo Modern

Xa uhlelo esandukubakho American Journal of Human Genetics, ziye kufika ezimbini ezizimeleyo ezinganxulumananga nezinye izifundo ngamnye kwisigqibo esifanayo: i Neanderthal kunye Denisovskoe zofuzo babonakaliswa kakhulu kwinkqubo omzimba.

Dr. Michael Dannemann sele ukufunda imbali izinto extinct-DNA yomntu. Weza wafikelela kwisigqibo sokuba receptors Toll-okunjalo kakhulu abachatshazelwa allele zofuzo of Bamandulo Phaya. Ngokutsho ngophando lwakhe, 11 ukuya 51% abantu ndingenguye kugqatso-Afrika, kufuneka ubuncinane omnye allele le Neanderthal. Ubukhulu kwepesenti kuyahlukana nedlela uhlanga lwabantu.

Uphononongo lwesibini oluqhutywe UGqr Luis Quintana-Mursi. Study of ezenza Toll-ezifana kuphela yinxalenye yeprojekthi wakhe, ejonge - ukuqwalasela ngendaleko ye zofuzo ezibangela kumajoni omzimba womntu. Ngokutsho kwakhe, inkoliso yabo bonke, inkqubo yethu omzimba unenzondelelo utshintsho kule minyaka 13.000 idluleyo - ixesha xa abantu ngokuthe ngcembe ukutshintsha indlela ukutya, ukusuka ngokuzingela ukuqokelela kwezolimo kunye nezilwanyana ukulima umhlaba.