Iinkqubo zolawulo yokugcina WMS. WMS inkqubo - ntoni na?

Enye indlela wemfezeko kwangaxeshanye ukwandisa ukhuphiswano kwezoshishino namhlanje - esizisebenzelayo. Iinkqubo ezininzi uphathiswa ulawulo computer yakho, ngexesha ezininzi ukusombulula iingxaki kuhlala nabantu. Le WMS-iinkqubo - izisombululo leyo, ngenxa yokuba izakhono zayo ezisebenzayo noPam ukunceda amashishini Russian kwi inkalo yokuphucula inkqubo zoshishino esizisebenzelayo. Ziintoni iimpawu ezikhethekileyo ezi mveliso?

definition

Okokuqala, uhambo encinane leyo ndaba umbuzo ongundoqo. Warehouse Management WMS-nkqubo zenzelwe ukuba imishini neyokucwangcisa imisebenzi eyenziwa abasebenzi izinto nemisebenzi yabo kumashishini (okanye iinkampani anemisebenzi swi kubonelelo lweenkonzo ezinxulumene ukugcinwa kunye nokurekhoda kwempahla). On WMS practice hardware kunye software amaqonga, kuquka naphaya ukwenzela ukusebenza networks yokugcina ezisasaziweyo. Ngokuqhelekileyo, ezi nkqubo zibandakanya ithuba lolawulo yethopholoji efanayo, nokugcinwa kwerejista uluhlu kwempahla, izicwangciso, imisebenzi, izinto ezifunyanwayo, njl Eyona njongo ukuphunyezwa kwenkqubo yolawulo yokugcina WMS-kunye namashishini - ulwando ingeniso kumasebe afanelekileyo okanye izibonelelo inkampani enkulu leyo.

WMS Iimpawu

I WMS-nkqubo - oko kukuthi, lo ezahlukeneyo ERP-izisombululo okanye software kwiklasi ezazinemidla kunye neemveliso hardware? Iingcali ezininzi ziyavuma ukuba enobulungisa ngakumbi ukuba bathethe malunga yesibini ukhetho. Kakade ke, ezinye izinto zezo kufuneka WMS efanayo ERP apho, kwakunye ne-CRM kunye nezinye izisombululo eyenzelwe imishini iinkqubo zoshishino kumanqanaba ahlukeneyo. Umzekelo, ERP-nkqubo ngokubanzi ezinxulumene nocwangciso lwezixhobo zemveliso. Kuyaqondakala ukuba yokugcina - naye uhlobo lobutyebi obuveliswayo. Ngoko ke, ezinye iingcali bakugqala unako ukuvumela WMS-nkqubo ezizodwa kakhulu ohlobo ERP.

Noko ke, xa kusenziwa i-ERP eqhelekileyo ibe izibonelelo ezininzi ukulawula impahla ethile. Kwaye ngenxa yokuba ezabelwe IT-iingcali, njengokuba umthetho, uhlobo olwahlukileyo izisombululo. CRM-nkqubo, nayo, sibe dissimilarity okukhulu WMS - zigxila kwi inkalo lobudlelane yenkampani kunye nabaxumi. Kakade ke, lo yokugcina - ngumzekelo kokohlukana noshowo kwishishini, leyo uyasebenzisana namaqabane ngenkuthalo ngokwaneleyo ukuthatha imveliso okanye athunyelwe kuyo. Kodwa yonke le ngxaki wabuza ngandlel ezo uphawu CRM - Ukugcinwa nokwandiswa isiseko umthengi, ukwandisa amandla intengiso, ukuphakamisa umgangatho wenkonzo, njl Ngenxa yoko, WMS-nkqubo - ukuba ngokwaneleyo mxinwa uhlobo icandelo le software and hardware iimveliso.

Kukho, Kakade, yaye "hybrid" izicombululo kwi inkalo abo esiye kuluhlu. Kulo mzekelo, umenzi software ingakhupha imveliso eyenzelwe ukwenza amaqela emininzi imisebenzi. Umzekelo - inkqubo yolawulo yokugcina SAP WMS, SAP EWM. Njengoko indlela zokonga, njengendlela eyenye ufakelo ngamnye, ukusasazwa emxinwa-iprofayili, ukuphunyezwa izisombululo ezinjalo - khetho kakhulu ezifanelekileyo. Amashishini abaninzi ukhetha ezihlangeneyo iimveliso software ukusuka kwenye IT-brand.

imisebenzi WMS

Inkcazo jikelele inkqubo yolawulo yokugcina ukuba sele unike ekuqaleni kweli nqaku, nokukorekishwa iimpawu zethu ezikhethekileyo WMS kuluncedo ukuba ukongeza ukutshintshwa kwemisebenzi engundoqo nkqubo. Kakade ke, kuxhomekeke kwisigqibo malunga umthengisi ethile spectrum ziya kwahluka. Kodwa ke, ngokutsho iingcali, inkoliso mihla WMS-iinkqubo bayakwazi oku kulandelayo:

- ulawulo yokugcina imisebenzi engundoqo (ezifana ukwamkelwa, uluhlu, ibandla, zokugunyaziswa, yokuthumela njl);

- zilinganisa iisekethe ukuphakheja kwempahla malunga nobukhulu labo kunye nemiqathango buyo;

- ukuqhuba uxwebhu (zombini imiba ngaphakathi nangaphandle yokusebenzisana isakhiwo nkampani);

- Ukulawula izibonelelo zabantu;

Ezininzi baxhotyiswa WMS kunye neminye imisebenzi luncedo, ezifana, ngokomzekelo, yokulinganisa yezithuthi - zombini ngaphakathi yokugcina naphesheya kwishishini, nkqu nangaphaya.

Kwezinye iimeko, iimodyuli WMS unako kufuneka zincediswe izisombululo esilungiselelwe ulawulo kwee-odolo kunye neentengiso. Okokuqala, WMS - inkqubo yolawulo yokugcina ezenzekelayo. Kwaye ngenxa yokuba umsebenzi wayo kunjalo thile ukuzimela eliphezulu kwenkqubo software ngokumalunga izigqibo ezifunyenweyo abantu.

Izinto eziluncedo WMS-iinkqubo

Ngaphandle kokuba mandundu yokugcina, leyo nangoku zinezibonelelo ukusuka nokuqaliswa kweenkqubo ngawo? Kakade ke, enkulu kule nkalo zaisit phezu nkcukacha zeshishini. Nangona kunjalo, kukho ezinye iingongoma ngokubanzi. Biza kubo.

Okokuqala, lo WMS inkqubo yolawulo yokugcina, njengoko umthetho, unike ukuchaneka eliphezulu ulwazi malunga nenani iimveliso ezikhoyo kwakunye nezixhobo iliso intshukumo lwamaxabiso eziphathekayo. Oku kuphunyezwa kakhulu ngxubevange iindlela ezimbini - yokugcina idilesi kunye nezibalo.

Okwesibini, inzuzo Kucacile ukuba enika WMS yokugcina ulawulo-nkqubo - esizisebenzelayo le yokugcina. Oko kukuthi, abasebenzi ezichaphazelekayo zenkampani okanye kwisahlulo yabucala inkampani ukuchitha ixesha elininzi izibalo efanelekileyo, ngoko ke lusebenza ngempumelelo.

Okwesithathu, indlela ekuthethwa ngayo, njengoko umthetho, bayakwazi ukusebenzisa izixhobo zokugcina ukuze asasaze ukufakwa imveliso ukwenzela ukuba ukusetyenziswa kwesithuba ekhoyo ngakumbi indlela luncedo. WMS abaninzi bayakwazi ukuba akwazi ukuma izinto nokubala ukubekwa nesemgangathweni ngokusekelwe zabo ubude, ububanzi, ubude, ubunzima, njl

Ukuba umntu udla ubeka impahla ngokusekelwe ukubala erhabaxa, i WMS-nkqubo zibandakanya kule ngqo nkqubo "ifomula."

Okwesine, WMS abaninzi ukunciphisa iindleko zokusebenza ithekhinoloji lokugcina. Systems ukubala iindlela kangangoko esilingana iimoto inxaxheba ekusingatheni kunye nokusasazwa kwempahla, awabe umthwalo yosuku ngalunye kwezi ntlobo yesixa. Ngenxa yoko, iindleko ukuphelwa lixabiso kuyathotywa, ukonga amafutha kunye nombane.

imisebenzi Common

Luhlobo olunjani imisebenzi mava ulawulo yokugcina WMS-nkqubo? Iingcali ukubiza ezi zilandelayo:

- Operational (rhoqo kwi-time real) ulwazi malunga imisebenzi eyenziwa indawo yokugcina;

- yokusebenzisa inxaxheba nendawo yokugcina kunye nezinye izibonelelo;

- ekuphuculeni ukusebenza kwezoqoqosho nokusetyenziswa kwezibonelelo (umzekelo, nokunikwa indawo ongasetyenziswanga kunokuba irenti);

- Ukukhethwa iinxalenye tyaba eliphezulu ngokusekelwe iimpawu yorhwebo ethile (uvakalelo ukufuma, ubushushu, ubungakanani, njalo njalo);

- manani, kumphati data, nitrogen kunye ngamaxwebhu ulwazi mali;

- Ukulandelela ukuchaneka kweenkcukacha equlathwe ingeniso phakathi yokugcina abasebenzi nokusebenzelana nezakhiwo lweshishini ngayo;

- Umbutho lelo qela lootitshala nge-software ne-hardware izisombululo;

Oku ngokuqinisekileyo asinto uluhlu alupheli lwemisebenzi ukulungisa ezo nkqubo efanelekileyo. Kukho WMS, egxininisa kwezinye iindawo ezithile. Umzekelo, oku kudla ngokwenzeka ukuba indawo enkulu, apho inkqubo yolawulo WMS- Warehouse - Logistics. Okanye, kungenjalo, ukugcinwa. Nakuba kunjalo, phantse lonke WMS inikezela ubuncinane ubuncinane phantsi izixhobo zokusebenza ukusombulula nganye yezi ngxaki, nokuba injongo yale nkqubo ifanele ukuba elimxinwa.

izicelo

Zeziphi amacandelo inkqubo yolawulo yokugcina ulwazi kusetyenziswa ishishini? WMS uluhlu iindawo ukusetyenziswa libanzi kakhulu. Oku kuba urhwebo - zombini Ihowuliseyili neRiteyili: ziya ngakumbi luncedo WMS lisuswa iingongoma eziphambili ukuphunyezwa izimpahla okanye lusasazwe. Oku kunokuba ubonelelo ngeenkonzo zokugcina ngaphandle ngohlobo (ukhetho nje omnye xa iprofayile umsebenzi yabo kwinkampani - the main). WMS ezihle kakhulu xa esetyenziswa kwishishini yokutya, iifektri ezivelisa elektroniki, impahla, iikhemikhali zasekhaya kunye nezinye iimpahla yabathengi.

Xa kukho imfuneko kwi WMS-nkqubo?

Umbuzo elifanelekileyo kuvela: ukujonga njani oko iinkampani kufuneka WMS-nkqubo? Olu hlobo izisombululo ayabiza kakhulu. Umzekelo, inkqubo yolawulo yokugcina WMS-1C kwezinye iinguqulelo zinokubiza ikhulu ambalwa amawaka. Njengoko umthetho, ukufaneleka ukuphunyezwa izisombululo ezinjalo livela aphakathi amatyathanga esikhulu, izimpahla kwimizi-mveliso omkhulu, ukusuka apho ekuthunyelweni kwempahla ukuze uhambise.

Ezinye iingcali ukwahlula abasebenzisi WMS-ekwenzeni ibe zizintlu ezimbini eziphambili - ukuba abasebenzisi beenkonzo zolungiselelo, kunye nababoneleli ngeenkonzo. Iqela lokuqala luquka amashishini abo umsebenzi kukuba ukuthengisa impahla okanye wesithathu-party imveliso. Umsebenzi yobuchule kulo mzekelo ine umlinganiswa nkarhinyana. Kwelinye icala, nababonelela ngeenkonzo - inkampani ogama umsebenzi kungenxa iprofayile esisiseko swi logistics. Iinkonzo eziphambili zinika - ukuba ayilondoloze, bese processing yokugcina.

Eyona engundoqo abathengi WMS-izisombululo

Abaxumi zokuqala WMS-izisombululo udidi badla bazive imfuneko yokuba ukuphunyezwa iinkqubo ezifanelekileyo njengoko iindawo izitora ukukhula kunye isikali ishishini xa iyonke. Xa sincokola ngayo amanani ezithile, inkampani i iinkonzo logistics yabathengi ngokuqhelekileyo okhonza kwizikhundla 300 okanye ngaphezulu nokuhlelwa, ummandla yeevenkile ezikhoyo - 2000 square metres. m okanye ngaphezulu, i Dynamics ingeniso iimpahla - iintsuku ezingama-30 okanye ngaphezulu. Kakade ke, kwezinye iimeko, enokusasazwa imiba yolawulo kugcinwa khona inkonzo. Kulo mzekelo inkampani akuyomfuneko ukuba uyithathele ingqalelo iindleko ezininzi ziqhelekile kwinkqubo enjalo, njengoko ukuphunyezwa Warehouse Management WMS-iinkqubo - ezifana noqeqesho lwabasebenzi. Noko ke, ezi nkcukacha zamashishini ezininzi kusenokungabi kuba brand kokugqitywa imisebenzi ahambelanayo Outsourcing. Oku kubangelwa, umzekelo, iimfihlo zorhwebo okanye nkcukacha ze mveliso imveliso baqaphela.

Eyona ezisemqoka ukuba asebenze ukukhuthaza ukuqaliswa WMS-iinkqubo - ukuvela iingxaki ephepheni (ngokupheleleyo okanye ngokuyinxalenye - usebenzisa Excel spreadsheets, njalo-njalo), ulawulo uxwebhu kunye neqela eengcali, yokugcina ihamba ibe izakhiwo ezinokuntsonkotha kakhulu indawo egumbini . Kukho iinkampani zabo iinkokheli akanakuthi ukwazi malunga izigqibo ezifana WMS-nkqubo, yintoni na. Emva kokubona ntetho hardware kunye nemveliso software yaye eqonda ukuba le nto ufuna, abaphathi phezulu inkampani okanye umbutho, ngoko nangoko ungafuna ukuliphumeza kwintlangano yakho.

iinkqubo Architecture

Safunda nje luncedo ngayo isenokuba Warehouse Management WMS-nkqubo. Ukuphunyezwa kwe WMS-nkqubo, njengoko safumanisa - inkqubo leyo kakhulu kwangaphambili yimiba injongo - ukukhula kwamashishini, ukwanda nendawo yokugcina, njl Umba ngakumbi ukufundisisa WMS, oko kuluncedo ukuqonda - ke sesakhiwo kwezi nkqubo. Oko kungenzeka ibe yinxalenye izigqibo ezifanelekileyo? Ngokuqhelekileyo, akukho waphawula umgaqo level ezintathu.

Ngokuphathelele kwinqanaba lokuqala sinokuthi esebenza nojongano lomsebenzisi, oko kukuthi i-window yesicelo kwikhusi, apho umqeshwa wenza imisebenzi yokugcina impahla, ukuba ufake uze uguqule idatha, basebenzisane kunye nezinye iingcali, ufumana iziphumo zemisebenzi ukusilela yokugcina oluzenzekelayo.

Kwinqanaba lesibini isebenza iseva nkqubo ephambili, apho iinkcukacha luyasetyenzwa igcinwe. Kwiinguqulelo mihla WMS uye lisibekele. Umncedisi wafumana umyalelo ukusuka kwinqanaba lokuqala, yenza amangeniso olufanelekileyo kuvimba elawulwa kwi-sikhokelo algorithm okhethekileyo.

Inqanaba lesithathu lubandakanya ukwenza kusebenze ikhowudi software ukwakha ebizwa ngokuba "logic ishishini 'yale nkqubo. Apha, i-data processing ifunyenwe kwi kumncedisi kwaye ibuyisela njengoko algorithm enqwenelekayo apho ekugqibeleni siboniswe kwinqanaba lokuqala.

Eyona eziphambili ze WMS

Zeziphi iindlela ezingundoqo lucalulo WMS, zamadoda ukusebenza kwabo? Iingcali bachonge lweenkqubo zilandelayo eziqhelekileyo iindidi.

Okokuqala, lo entry-level WMS sokulawula amashishini amancinane kunye neevenkile warehouses apho kukho khona umgca imveliso zahlukahlukene kakhulu.

Okwesibini, ebizwa ngokuba "kweebhokisi" iqonga ulawulo yokugcina ye aphakathi indawo enkulu (ukuya kwi-10 m ubude macala onke.) Yaye nokuhlelwa ezahlukeneyo, kodwa ukuba iimfuno ingeniso yorhwebo liphantsi kakhulu.

Okwesithathu, babizwa ngokuba "okulungisekayo" eqongeni. Zisetyenziswa zizo amashishini amakhulu, iprofayili walo ongundoqo - logistics kunye namaziko emfundo.

Okwesine, kuba "okulungisekayo" eqongeni. Ezi nkundla ke zenzelwe ukuba ulawulo zokugcina kunye indawo enkulu, nokuhlelwa okwahlukeneyo kunye namandla eliphezulu ingeniso.