Iindawo zokuvumba ziyakhula njani na?

Sonke siyazi malunga neenzuzo ezibalulekileyo zeziqhamo kunye namajikijolo ahlala ehlobo nasekwindla yokuqala. Akunakudliwa kuphela okuluhlaza, kodwa kwakhona ukwenza amalungiselelo emakhaya. Kwinqaku lemihla, siya kukuxelela apho i-watermelon zikhula kwaye zeziphi iziqhamo ezixabisekileyo.

Uhambo olufutshane kumbali

Ilizwe lalo berry elimnandi elimnandi li-Afrika. Ngokutsho kwezona zininzi zezityalo, i-centre ye-originally yayo yintlango yaseKalahari. Kulo mmandla kwaye nanamhlanje kukho iziqhamo zasendle zale siqhamo.

Abo bangayazi indawo apho i-watermelons zikhula ziya kumangaliswa ukuqonda ukuba iziqhamo ezilinywa namhlanje zihluke kakhulu nazo ezaziwawa ngamawaka amane eminyaka edlulileyo. Ngaloo mihla, babenomvandalo kwinqabileyo, kwaye ubukhulu beza kufakwa kwi-grapefruits. Phantse ngo-2000 BC esi siqhamo safunyanwa kuqala yiYiputa yamandulo, eyaqala ukuyiqonda kakuhle.

Kwintsimi yaseRashiya ikhaphu evela eIndiya ngekhulu le-8 le-10. Ekuqaleni, yakhula kwingingqi yaseVolga, kodwa ngekhulu le-17 yayisasazeka nakweminye imimandla yelizwe.

Iimpawu ezixabisekileyo zeebriji

Abo bafuna ukuqonda apho i-watermelons zikhula khona, kuya kuba lunomdla ukwazi oko ba luncedo. Okokuqala, esi siqhamo senza ngcono inkqubo yokutya. Iifayili eziqulethwe kwi-pulp yayo zikhuthaza ukukhula okukhulayo kunye nophuhliso lwe-microflora eluncedo.

I-Watermelon ithathwa njengenye yemithombo ephambili yezinto ezinama-alkaline eziyimfuneko ukuphucula i-acids engaphezu kweeyingi ezingena emzimbeni womntu kunye nesonka, inyama, intlanzi kunye namaqanda. Iqulethwe kwiziqhamo ze-aclic acid iyakusiza ukulahla izifo ze-cardiovascular and participate in the development of amino acids. Ukongeza, i-watermelon inyama inotye kwiitrosi zesinyithi. Ngako oko, kucetyiswa kubantu abaphethwe yi-anemia.

Ziyaphi na iakhaphule?

E-Rashiya, kwinqanaba lezentengiselwano, zihlonyelwa kwi-Volga nase-Urals Southern. I-Astrakhan kunye ne-Volgograd i-melon abalimi ixesha elide abanakukwazi ukugqiba ukuba zeziphi iindawo ezi zimbini zinelungelo lokubizwa ngokuba yi-domestic watermelon capital. Ingxabano isonjululwe iminyaka emininzi edlulileyo. Ukuphela kweengxabano kwabekwa yintloko yentloko yeSebe lezoLimo u-Alexei Gordeyev. Nguye lowo wasayina ummiselo ngokubhekiselele kuyo indawo yaseAstrakhan yaba yiziko laseRashiya lokulima le berry.

Abo bafuna ukuqonda apho iibhekele zikhula khona emhlabeni, kuya kubakho umdla ukuba imimandla yabo ihlala kumazwe amaninzi afudumele. Ukulima kwesi siqhamo sekude kubekho abantu baseThailand, iGrisi, iYiputa kunye neSpain.

Iintlobo ezinomzimba ophuzi

Ebonakalayo zifana nezivolononi eziqhelekileyo. Ukwahlukana okukuphela kobukho bombala obumnyama kunye namaqela aphelile. Ngamanye amaxesha kuthengiswa ungabona amaqabunga aphuzi. Umbala we-pulp ubonakaliswa kwintetho. Le berry inomdla kakhulu kwimpilo yabantu, kodwa iqukethe ishukela encinane.

Kulabo abangayazi iindawo zamakhaphule eziphuzi zikhula, kuya kuba mnandi ukuba umthunzi walezi ziqhamo ungenxa yobukho be-carotenoids, obuchaphazela ngokuchanekileyo ukutshintshiselana kwe-intercellular. Kwakhona, inyama yomthunzi ongaqhelekanga ucebile kwi-vitamin A, isinyithi, i-ascorbic acid, i-calcium kunye ne-fiber. Ngombulelo obunomdla obunomdla, i- watermelon ephuzi iphucula umboniso, iqinisa amandla omzimba, iphucula imeko yeenwele, izipikili namathambo.

Kwiinyanga zasehlotyeni, kwininzi lamazwe aseYurophu, i-watermelons ejikelezileyo ikhulile. Abahlali baseAsia bathi bavuna izithelo eziqingqiweyo ebusika. ERashiya, baphinde bavelise iintlobo zabo, ezibizwa ngokuthi i-Lunny. Ingcamango yayo ifana neziqhamo ezininzi ngexesha elifanayo (i-lemon, i-melon kunye ne-avocado). Imifuno eninzi kunazo zonke zezi siqhamo ezingavamile zifumaneka eAstrakhan.

Ukulima kwamavambo kwiindawo zokugcina izityalo

Ukwakha isakhiwo apho izityalo ziya kuqhubeka zicetyiswa ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo. Ixesha elona lifanelekileyo lokulungiselela uluhlu lokubamba i-greenhouse nguMatshi no-Apreli.

Emva kokuqonda apho i-watermelons zikhula khona, kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba akufanele zityalwe ngaphambi kokuphela kukaMeyi. Izityalo kufuneka zifakwe kwiindonga zendlu yokugcina izityalo. Ububanzi bomgca omnye akufanele kube ngaphezu kweesentimitha ezingamashumi asibhozo. Kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuba phakathi kwezityalo ezakhelene nomgama kukho umgama olinganayo nomitha omnye.

Ngaphambi kokutyala, kuyimfuneko ukulungiselela kakuhle umhlaba. Ukwenza oku, utyalwa nge-ammonium sulfate, humus, i-salatium, i-peat kunye ne-superphosphate. Kwiintsuku ezilishumi zokuqala, ukushisa kwomoya kwindawo yokuluhlaza kufuneka kungadluli iidridi ezingamashumi amathathu.

Ukutshiza kunye nokunyamekela iziqhamo

Ukususela kumzuzu apho iqhubu likhule libe ngamasentimitha angamashumi amabini anesihlanu, kufuneka lifakwe. Isondlo sokuqala kufuneka sibe ne-mullein okanye umquba wenkukhu. Okwesibini kuqhutyelwa nge-nitmonium nitrate. Yenza oku kufutshane ngaphambi kokuba uhlume. Ixesha lesithathu izityalo zizaliswa ngaphambi kokuba kusekwe i-ovary. Ngenxa yoko, isisombululo esenziwe nge-mullein (1: 6) okanye umgquba wenkukhu (1:10) ulungiselelwe.

Abo bavele bazi ukuba iindawo zamakhumbane zikhula ziya kuba nomdla ukwazi ukuba ukusela kwabo basebenzisa amanzi afudumele kuphela. Kubalulekile ukuba uphumelele emhlabathini, kungekhona ngamaqabunga okanye kwiimpawu. Ukucetyiswa kwezityalo kucetyiswa emva kokucoca.

Ukutsala iinambuzane ezinqabileyo, kunokwenzeka ukutshiza izityalo kunye nesisombululo esisekelwe kubusi okanye ushukela. Kwezinye iimeko, le nkqubo iyenziwa ngesandla. I-pollen, ethathwe kwintyatyambo yesilisa, idluliselwa kwintombi.

Kwi sityalo esinye akumele sibe ngaphezu kwama-ovari ayisithupha. Ukubopha amakhabe ungasebenzisa i-wire trellises. Zithathwa kumgama malunga nesiqingatha semitha ukusuka komnye nomnye. Emva kokuba ubude be-stem bufikelela kuma-centimitha amane, luboshwe kwi-trellis. Lezo maqanda kunye namahlumela, aphantsi apha, kucetyiswa ukususa. Iintyatyambo, ezikhulile ukuya kubukhulu be-apula enkulu, zingena kumnatha kwaye zidibanise kumnxeba okhuniweyo.

Kubalulekile ukucwangcisa i-greenhouse apho i-watermelons ikhulile khona. Ngaphandle koko, ukunyusa okuphezulu kungabangela izifo ezahlukeneyo zezityalo. Ukuvunwa kunconywa ukuba kuqhutywe iintsuku ezine emva kokunisela kokugqibela.