Iiklasi kuphuhliso yokuthetha iqela eliphakathi. Uhlalutyo leeklasi kuphuhliso intetho

kuphuhliso iklasi yokuthetha iqela eliphakathi ziqhutywa ukwenzela ukudala ilungelo ubuchule ntetho umntwana ngokwendlela iindidi ubudala. Ukususela yokubiza amagama kunye nesakhono ukuze ukuvakalisa iingcinga zabo kuxhomekeke kukhubazeko ngempumelelo itakane phakathi oontanga, kwakunye nemfundo kwisikolo samabanga aphantsi. Yiloo nto ke inqanaba lophuhliso lolwimi ibonisa ntoni na inqanaba lophuhliso ngengqondo ngokwengqondo yomntwana ngamnye.

Zeziphi izifundo ukwenzela uphuhliso kwintetho abantwana?

Umsebenzi kophuhliso yokuthetha abangekaqali esikolweni nge-avareji ezigcinwe kuphela ngendlela umdlalo. Oku kungenxa iimpawu zengqondo abantwana abakule minyaka yobudala kuba becinga ngokungaqhutywa luluvo. Baye angekayazi eyona nokukhuthala kunye nokhathalelo. Abantwana abakubudala bokuhamba isikolo phakathi iimvakalelo kakhulu, kulula kakhulu ukuba udiniwe. Iiseshoni umdlalo kufuneka ihambelane neminyaka-efanelekileyo. impumelelo yokufunda ixhomekeke indlela umntwana enokwendela kungena umdlalo njengoko esi siganeko siza kuba yeyakhe. Ngexesha lomdlalo, itakane usebenzisa zonke iinkqubo ngentloko. Uyasiva, izenzo, yena ubona sisebenzisana kunye nokusingqongileyo ezahlukeneyo iindlela umdlalo. Eklasini umntwana ukuphulaphula iinkcazo katitshala, ngokuphendula imibuzo, ukufunda ukuphulaphula iimpendulo nabanye abantwana. Ngexesha lomdlalo, amatakane musa uqaphele ukuba isifundo efanayo.

Iingxaki zophuhliso intetho yabantwana zabasakhasayo yobudala ephakathi

1. lweeMeko it - ekungakwazini ukwakha izivakalisi ezimbaxa nezixandileyo. abantwana ezinjalo indlela yokuthetha esiyiyo, njengoko umthetho, kwezindululo, enamakhulu amagama amabini okanye amathathu.

2. A isigama encinane.

3. A ityala apho kukho isitsotsi ibinzana non-zoncwadi.

4. amagama embi.

5. Speech iingxaki intetho therapy.

6. Ukungakwazi ukwakha intetho dialogic, ilungelo lokuba ukubuza umbuzo, nika omfutshane okanye eneenkcukacha impendulo, ngokusekelwe kwi meko.

7. Ukungaphumeleli ukwakha monologues: balibalise kwakhona ebalini kufutshane umbhalo, okanye ngamazwi akhe, enza ibali, inkcazelo ngesihloko esithile.

8. Ukungaphumeleli ukusebenzisa izigqibo zakho nomqondo.

9. Musa ukudala inkcubeko ukuthetha; umntwana uyichole ithoni, isantya sokuthetha, umthamo ilizwi kunye nezinye iparameters ngayo kwimeko ethile intetho.

Ngayo ukuphuhlisa intetho oyondeleleneyo kubantwana uthole?

Oko kuquka izifundo ekuphuhliseni intetho enentsingiselo? Phantsi intetho inxibelelene yenzelwe ngokuchanekileyo ngokomfuziselo, ngokusengqiqweni kwaye njalo aveza naluphi na ulwazi. Kufuneka yakhiwe ngokwegrama echanekileyo. Uxokonyezelelwe libandakanya:

- Dialogue. Busenza ukuba ulwazi lolwimi, ivumela unxibelelwano ubomi phakathi kwabantwana. Incoko zingakhiwa njengoko izikhokelo ezahlukeneyo, iintetho phakathi kwamaqela, iingxelo ze ifomu "imibuzo neempendulo". kuphuhliso iklasi yokuthetha qela phakathi bacebise sokumiswa izakhono intetho interactive: umntwana afunde ngokufutshane yaye ngokucacileyo uphendule imibuzo, xa kuxoxwa kunye notitshala kunye noontanga. Xa ukuyilwa eklasini inkcubeko izakhono zonxibelelwano: abantwana bafunde ukuphulaphula interlocutor, ukuba ukuphazamisa isithethi, kungekhona ukuze alungiselelwe kuphazanyiswa, ukuba bahlanganise iintlobo kwakufana yokuziphatha.

- omnye. Kuyinto intetho inonamathelwano umntu omnye, ubuchule owawubumbela kwiminyaka emihlanu. Ukuntsonkotha yalo mbuzo kule yokuba umntwana ubudala avareji pre-school zingenako okwangoku ukuya kwiprogram ingxelo yabo, ukuba ingcamango ngokusengqiqweni, ngokulandelelana kwaye ngokuqhubekayo. kuphuhliso iklasi yokuthetha iqela eliphakathi lubonisa iintlobo ezintathu zoqeqesho yokuthetha monologic, nokuqiqa, ezibalisayo inkcazelo. Kulo mzekelo, abantwana bafunda ukuba bachaze izinto ze acengceleze iitekisi ezimfutshane.

Thina kunye iintshukumo kwiqela phakathi

Intetho kunye neentshukumo (iqela eliphakathi) ikuvumela ukuba ilungelelanise intshukumo izandla neenyawo kugqame izivakalisi. Abantwana abaninzi ngemibutho ubudala kwisikolo samabanga aphakamileyo zisenokungachaneki kwaye azingqinelani. Iiklasi kwi kuphuhliso lwezakhono motor ocoliweyo izandla ukuvumela ukuba kunyuswe umgangatho wophuhliso intetho, kancinci bafunde nokulawula iintshukumo kunye intetho.

Ugqirha Japanese Namikoshi Tokujiro wadala ubuchule ntle negalelo elikhethekileyo ezandleni. Ngokutsho imfundiso yalo iminwe inani elikhulu receptors, abathumela amaza kwinkqubo luvo. Iibhrashi acwangcise phezu amanqaku acupuncture. Umphululela kubo, unako nefuthe imeko nezibilini. Yiyo le mfundiso yaba sisiseko sokuphuhlisa intetho kunye iintshukumo. Iingcali ziye zafumanisa ukuba ukuchana kwizihlunu ezincinane kweentshukumo ngesandla ixhomekeke nokuchaneka kunye nenqanaba zophuhliso lolwimi. Montessori encwadini yakhe, "Ndincede ndiyenze ngokwam" ligxininisa: "Ukuba uphuhliso iminwe ingqamana kobudala, kunye nophuhliso intetho, kakhulu, ngaphakathi kuluhlu yesiqhelo. Ukuba, ke, ukuphuhliswa kwezakhono neminwe ngasemva, ngoko ngasemva kunye nentetho. " Ezi klasi kuphuhliso yokuthetha kwiqela phakathi ziquka:

- yeminwe (usebenzisa athintithisayo, imibongo fizminutok, le imithambo ngomnwe);

- umsebenzi ne iinkozo (okuziinkozo kakhulu ubungakanani ezahlukeneyo, imizobo esinqeni);

- sicelo (mosaic akhronimi yeentsasa);

- bamaZulu;

- lacing;

- umsebenzi ne iphepha;

- imibala ngemisonto yoboya;

- umfanekiso leqanda;

- hatching;

- umkhondo aya lo mzobo;

- dictations Amacebo ;

- isabelo le fom "ugqibezele lo mfanekiso";

- olwenziwe nge ukusetyenziswa kwezinto zendalo;

- ukuzilolonga graphic;

- ukuzoba a istensile;

- nomsebenzi (pipettes utofelo amanzi) amanzi;

- ukwakhiwa equla imidlalo;

- umsebenzi kunye Punch;

- imidlalo zemfundo imithambo kunye nokusetyenziswa yendalo, izinto zasekhaya.

ngokuba iiklasi ukulungisa intetho

Njani uphuhliso zentetho (iqela eliphakathi)? Iiklasi ingqalelo isigama, amagama, ukuyilwa ubuchule bokusebenzisa kakuhle imvakalozwi kunye eneenkcukacha iimpendulo, ukwakha ubungqina, ukuba benze ingxoxo. Kuba uphuhliso kunye nentetho ulungiso iseti olulandelenayo ezisetyenziswa kwiqela embindini:

- Thetha kumfanekiso - wayethetha ibali imifanekiso yebali. Lo msebenzi ikuvumela ukuba ukhethe amagama anxulumene (ntonye), ukuba ngentloko intsingiselo yamagama. Kuba kwiiklasi ezifanelekileyo yoshicilelo akhethekileyo kumajelo eendaba, apho kukho iintlobo zovavanyo kunye imithambo eyenzelwe ukuphuhlisa ezi zakhono.

- athintithisayo Ulwimi, chistogovorki, izafobe nje ukwandisa isigama yabantwana abakwiminyaka yokuba sesikolweni aphakathi, kodwa kukunceda ukuba ilungelelanise izixhobo intetho. imithambo zivumela ezichanekileyo iziphene intetho xa umntwana usela ngexesha emsileni incoko ilizwi, okanye, icala, drawls ngexesha lencoko.

- "? Ntoni loo nto," Imidlalo le fomu okanye "Kutheni na ukuba bathi?" Ivumela ukukhetha amagama kufuphi intsingiselo, ingcaciso ingqiqo. Kuyanconywa ukuba ukusebenzisa izaci, amaqhalo kunye namazwi.

- Umdlalo "Intatheli" ivumela abantwana ukuba baphuhlise izakhono zentetho yababini. Umntwana efunda ukulungiselela imibuzo i "ndlebe", ngokuzinzileyo ngokucacileyo ukuvakalisa iingcinga zabo.

Indlela hlaziya umsebenzi kuphuhliso yokuthetha?

Uhlalutyo leeklasi kuphuhliso intetho kuyimfuneko nje kuphela ukwenza iingxelo, kodwa ukuqonda oko iindlela zokufundisa are nempumelelo kakhulu ziyilungele ekuphuculeni uphuhliso intetho ngayo kweli qela. Ngexesha analysis, utitshala ukuyilawula ukuba bathatha ixesha elide kangakanani budibane izinto ezintsha, omnye abantwana abazange ukufunda izinto yaye wayenza kwinqanaba elisezantsi. Xa inkqubo zohlalutyo kufuneka sinikele ingqalelo ezi ngongoma zilandelayo:

- indlela ukusithanda nxaxheba ngamnye ukuba afunde;

- indlela omnye isebenzise imiyalelo katitshala;

- yintoni mathuba ziye akuphumelelanga;

- Ziziphi iindlela nobuchule zazisetyenziswa, abanye babo ukufumanisa ukuba angafaneleki;

- Ngaba banikwa izinto ezikhoyo;

- Yintoni na iiklasi lwemozulu ngokweemvakalelo ngokubanzi;

- ngoko amanqaku kufuneka anikele ingqalelo isifundo esilandelayo;

- Bubuphi na ubuchule ekufuneka ukulungiswa;

- nto leyo abantwana kufuneka anikwe ingqwalasela ekhethekileyo.

Kwezinye iimeko, uphuhliso lolwimi lwabantwana kwiqela eliphakathi (iminyaka 4-5) lungachanekanga? Xa kufuneka adibane leengxaki zokuthetha kunye luvo?

Ukubonisana leengxaki zokuthetha kunye luvo ifuneka ngokungxamisekileyo ukuba:

- lo mntwana isigama encinane okanye intetho ndingekhoyo ngokupheleleyo ukuya kwiminyaka-4;

- siya zingaqondwa kakuhle, ngokusekelwe kwinani elikhulu komzimba;

- i stutters umntwana, into engavakaliyo, okanye okunye ukwaphulwa ecacileyo unyango kwintetho;

- babekho ukonzakala entloko edlulileyo, ukuthetha kwam ngeempumlo okanye kwisisu ngomlomo, nto leyo eyakhokelela ekubeni ukuphazamiseka yokuthetha okanye cwaka.

ukufikelela ngexesha iingcali kuya kunceda ukulungisa iingxaki intetho, kungenjalo umntwana ukuba athethe ngendlela eyiyo na, siya baya ukuba kufunda kwisikolo ezikhethekileyo abantwana abaneziphene yokuthetha. Ngokuzimeleyo komgomo ezinjalo musa ukuthatha indawo.