I siqithi sikhulu ehlabathini. I siqithi sikhulu ehlabathini. Yintoni na isiqithi enkulu ehlabathini?

Phantse wonke umfundi unako ukuphendula umbuzo malunga igama siqithi sikhulu kakhulu kwiplanethi yethu. Is Greenland. Le ephakathi Atlantic kunye Arctic Ocean, kumgama ozikilometa eziyi-740 ukusuka North Pole. Ummandla siqithi ine indawo ezikwere zeekhilomitha 2.130.800, igqalwa njengenxalenye kwilizwekazi North American. Ngokumalunga kwezopolitiko, uye ukuzeyisa, kodwa kokwalowo eDenmark.

Kwabantu bokuqala

Ngokutsho data yembali, baseYurophu, esi siqithi kuqala yafunyanwa kunyaka 877, xa uhambo yakhokelela Gunnbjørn Fjeld washiywa inkanyamba ngasentshonalanga ukusuka Iceland. Ngokumalunga kwabantu bokuqala eli lizwe, ukuze ingqalelo ukuba Viking, abafike kunxweme yayo Koloni kule minyaka 982-983, ikhokelwa ngu UErik Raud Turvaldsona. Banyula iindawo ezimbalwa tyaba, bakhuselwe kakuhle kwindlela imimoya. Le ndawo ke ngoko usindwa Vikings ukuba izityalo yayo aluhlaza, nokuchasanisa kunye engqongileyo entlango glacial ngexesha ehlotyeni, koko wathi kwisiqithi Green loMhlaba, eliguqulelwa ngokuthi: "Green Umhlaba". Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba ekuqaleni eli gama isicelo kuphela emazantsi-ntshona kunxweme. evuleke ngokupheleleyo ukuze siqithi sikhulu ehlabathini, oko kuphela kwinkulungwane elinesihlanu.

awohluke kwale ndawo

Uninzi Greenland ehlanganiswa ezihambayo. Zingasebenza indawo engaphezulu million 1.8 ezikwere zeekhilomitha. Inxalenye enkulu, ngokufanayo Antarctic, i ibloko esiluqilima ice leyo Oku istaivaet nokuba ehlotyeni ifudumele kakhulu. Ukuthetha ngento na isiqithi enkulu ehlabathini, singasathethi ke yokuba kwiminyaka yakutshanje isiqhelo sokuba ukunciphisa ivolyum ikhaka esebenzayo. Oku kusongela nentlekele yehlabathi lonke, ngokungathi yonke umkhenkce eGreenland linyibilike ngokupheleleyo, ngokutsho izibalo rough, izazinzulu, inqanaba lamanzi elwandle baya kuvuka yi kangangoko ezisixhenxe eemitha.

Ke ezinye mmandla, oko isijungqu esiqhubekayo, leyo kakhulu kwiindawo ezisemantla kunye ntshona Wazolulela kunxweme. Ububanzi iindawo bafike uphawu kweekhilomitha ezingama-250. Kwiindawo kokuhlangana ngumkhenkce neebhanki rhoqo NOKUCUKUCEZA kude ubungakanani kwazo omkhulu. Enye yezi ngo-1912 wahlukana kude apha kwaye kwakhokelela ekuweni kakuhle yaziwa kulo lonke ihlabathi enqanaweni "Titanic."

sezulu

I siqithi sikhulu kweli hlabathi kukho imozulu ibithande ukuba maxongo noko. Ekuhambeni kwexesha ehlotyeni, ubushushu bomoya kwiindawo ezingaselunxwemeni eGreenland Iqondo lobushushu lihle laya ezilithoba. Kunye nale kukho amaxesha xa ubushushu ungatsiba ukuya kumanqanaba amabini okanye ezantsi ukuya kwiqanda. Amaqondo obushushu asezantsi mava ngenxa kunxweme lwasempumalanga. Apha benza umlinganiselo 27 ^° C

Biota

I siqithi sikhulu - Greenland - ayikwazi ukuqhayisa intabalala kwezityalo nezilwanyana. Le flora lungqiyame zimelwe kwiindawo ihlathi-kumathafa, leyo bebekelwa emazantsi. Ziqulethe ikakhulu ezinde ezincinanana. Kunxweme olusentshona zityalwa kuphuhliswa ezintshinyeleni willow, nenomlanga, ulele kunye moss. Inxalenye lwempuma yeso siqithi, yona iyintlango polar, ngoko akukho izityalo apha. Iyonke uphawu uphawu izilwanyana ka eGreenland, kuxhomekeke kwinto yokuba akukho umthi omde.

Ukusweleka kuvamile ukuba izilwanyana nezityalo. Izilwanyana zixhaphakileyo ukuba ahlale siqithi sikhulu ehlabathini, ibe ngokuba polar amabhere, weasels, imivundla, adle, Lemmings kunye iimpungutye. Iingcuka zinqabile kakhulu. Iintaka, walruses, lamatywina, narwhals bahlala ikakhulu kunxweme enamatye. Izityebi ebumelwaneni wengingqi - intlanzi, nto leyo zibonakala ngeentlobo ezahlukeneyo - flounder, cod, catfish njalo njalo.

Inani labemi yesixeko

Ukuthetha ngento isiqithi enkulu ehlabathini, kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba nangona imozulu ngqwabalala kakhulu, Greenland kakhulu zinabantu. Okwangoku, kukho ohlala abantu malunga 58 amawaka. Inkoliso yabo inzala abantu bomthonyama (Eskimos) kunye bamathanga (Danes kunye eNorway). Greenlanders abenza nokuzingela ubukhulu becala mveliso nokuloba. Kwi siqithi ngokusemthethweni ingqalelo iilwimi ezimbini - Greenlandic kunye Danish.

Capital kunye sixeko sikhulu Greenland yi Nuuk (igama bubonakala "nethemba elilungileyo"), apho ibekwe ngaphezu ifoto. lwabemi beli kancinane ngaphezulu kweshumi elinesihlanu lamawaka abantu. Le ndawo yokuhlala yasekwa ngo-1756. Ezinomtsalane ephambili balapha Greenland National Museum.

Flag kunye ingubo iingalo

I siqithi sikhulu ehlabathini kwaye neempawu zayo. imifanekiso yaso umfanekiso ibhere elimhlophe (isilwanyana kunayo apha) kwisiqalo blue (emela iilwandlekazi ezimbini). Yona iflegi, oko umbala obomvu namhlophe. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba ukusetyenziswa umbala yesibini isuke yi ukuxhomekeka kwezopolitiko wesiqithi evela eDenmark. Banner ibekwe njenge isangqa ebonisa ilanga. Noko ke, kukho enye inguqulo malunga nale imifuziselo. Ngokukodwa, ezinye iingcali zithi kwesangqa imela nomtsalane yendawo eziphambili - umkhenkce.

Ezinye iziqithi ezinkulu zehlabathi

I siqithi sikhulu ehlabathini, saa kuzo zonke iinxalenye zayo. Ngomhla wesibini ngobukhulu emva eGreenland yi New Guinea, nto leyo ifumaneka kwi-Pacific Ocean. Kuye kwavulwa yi uhambo isiPhuthukezi ngo-1526. Isiqithi iquka indawo okumisele 786 000 ezikwere zeekhilomitha kwaye yiparadesi yokwenene kubakhenkethi. enezityalo nezilwanyana weeDolophu zahlukeneyo kangangokuba ngoku lixesha lokuba kwexesha izazinzulu ukufumana iintlobo ezintsha izityalo kunye nezilwanyana.

Kwindawo yesithathu ubungakanani kwisiqithi saseBorneo, ummandla ezikwere zeekhilomitha 737.000. It ngaxeshanye uhlambe enolwandle ngeenxa zombini ecutheneyo ezine. B (ayikwazi yintoni na siqithi inkulu ehlabathini ukuze baqhayise) isicwangciso utyani, nguye uchasaniso eGreenland. Isibakala sokuba malunga nama-80% of nommandla wayo wona amahlathi. Kalimantan ukuba oovimba esiluqilima iidayimani, oyile negesi, ngenxa apho ubomi zombini bakule ndawo.

Hayi kude belizwekazi lase-Afrika yeyona kwisiqithi Madagascar, leyo yeyona inkulu Indian Ocean. indawo yayo yi 587.000 ezikwere zeekhilomitha. Kwisiqithi igama leyo kwiRiphabliki. Ongaphantsi igcwele kwizimbiwa ezahlukeneyo, kuquka isinyithi kunye ekrwada negolide. Njengoko ngokuba enezityalo nezilwanyana, malunga nama-80% kwezi ntlobo zifumaneka kuphela eMadagascar.

Honshu island

amazwi ngqo ufanelwe siqithi sikhulu Japan - Honshu. Ubude bayo ngumgama oziikhilomitha 1400 kwaye ububanzi ubuninzi - 300 ukusuka. Malunga ne-60% yommandla Japanese kubekwe phezu kwalo. Apha kukho kwakhona ezinkulu lizwe - Tokyo, kwakunye nezinye izixeko ezithile ezinkulu - Osaka, Yokohama kunye Nagoya. Ngokubhekisele yolawulo amalungiselelo siqithi, intsimi lonke yahlulwe prefectures 34.

Imozulu, izityalo kunye nesimo zinokwahluka kakhulu kwimimandla. Eneneni, ukuba inxalenye esemntla uphawuleka iintaba eliphakathi ephantsi kweli wasezantsi, ukuba aphezulu kakhulu. Kwi siqithi kukho mlilo ezininzi. Malunga namashumi amabini kubo zithathwa ukuba isebenze ngexesha lethu. Enkulu kakhulu kwaye idumileyo Fuji.

Honshu, phakathi kwezinye izinto, le kakhulu le kuphuhliswa eJapan, kummandla ukusuka kwindawo kwezoqoqosho ngayo. Apha kuqwalasele ezininzi ezinomtsalane wesizwe, kubandakanywa kumhlaba engaqhelekanga zendalo, iipaki, kunye ezikhumbuzo bokwakha.