I-Samara phantsi komhlaba. Imbali yophuhliso

Kwama-60ties esivuthuzelayo. Izwe lakhawuleza lakhiwa kwaye likhangele phambili kwixesha elizayo. Ku-Kuibyshev (igama langempela - iSamara) ingxaki yokuthutha yayiyiphunga - isixeko sakhula, kwaye kunye nabo babemi, inani lothutho. Ingcamango yokwakha umzila ongaphantsi komhlaba sele ubetha ixesha elide. Isakhiwo saqanjwa ngokuthi iMetroara nge-Ephreli 1, 1991.

Phuhliso

UMeya wedolophu ukususela ngo-1964 ukuya ku-1982 uAlexey Rosovsky wayengumntu ode kakhulu kwaye wayeqonda ukuba ngaphandle kokutshintshwa okutshintshayo kwiminyaka emashumi mathathu isixeko singasima kwindawo enkulu. Kwaye kuyimfuneko ukuba ukhulule ngokukhawuleza imigca ye-trunk kwaye uthumele inxalenye yabagibeli ngaphantsi komhlaba. Iqela elilawulayo lekomiti elilawulayo, elikhokelwa yi-dolophu, liqinisekisa ukuba kufuneka ukuba kwakhiwe i-metro ngo-1968.

Ngelishwa, inkqubo yaqhuba ngokukhawuleza, kwaye ukuphunyezwa kwangempela kweprojekthi yobugcisa kwathatha iminyaka elishumi emva koko.

Ngokukodwa ukwakhiwa kwesakhiwo esinjalo njengeMetro Samara, ifowuni yezakhiwo zekhonkrithi, iinkampani ezincedisayo, eziyimfuneko ukuba ukuzaliseka kweprojekthi kwakhiwe kuloo mzi, izakhiwo zobunjineli zahanjiswa - iibhobho, ukunxibelelana, njl njl.

Ukwakhiwa

Umsebenzi wokwakha omkhulu waseSamara uqaliswe ukusuka kwisikhululo se "Kirovskaya" ekude kuma-1980.

Ngowe-1981, ikhuni e -tan-ton-toni yaqala umsebenzi wayo . Ama-dolomite amadaka awahlangabezane nawo awazange avumele ukuba sifinyelele kwiimpawu zokuqala zejubane. Amanzi angaphantsi komhlaba kunye nomlinganiselo ophezulu wecala kuphela umsebenzi onzima. Kodwa izikhululo zendlela yaseSamara ekugqibeleni zakwazi ukuhlanganiswa nemigudu yamaqhawe yabaxhasi kunye nabavanyi bam bamanzi ngo-Matshi 1982.

1983 - ukuqala kokwakhiwa kwesitishi "Uloyiso". I-metro yeSamara, icebo linikezelwe kwinqaku, longezelelwe ngo-1984 kunye nezitishi ezintsha ezakhiwayo- "Gagarinskaya" kunye ne "Sportivnaya", i-pass passage entsha ekhuselekileyo isele isebenza ngokubhekiselele kwisikhululo seSovetskaya.

1986 - ukuqala kokwakhiwa kwesitishi "Yungorodok".

Ewonke, izitishi ezine zazilungele ukuvula. Ngaphambi kowe-1993, abanye abathathu baphunyezwa.

Kuphela ngo-2002 isikhululo "Moskovskaya" savuleka. Kwaye ngo-2007 - "isiRashiya". Kwaye ngo-2015-Alabinskaya.

Ukuqala kokuhamba

Ngomhla ka-Meyi 1987, iqela labaqhubi bemigodi yamagesi yombane yasetyenziselwa ukufundelwa eKharkov, eKiev naseMinsk.

Ngomhla kaNovemba 1, umthwalo wamandla ovavanyo wanikwa umnatha.

Ngomhla wesithandathu isitimbela sokuqala sahamba kwizithuba ezingenanto.

Nangona iprojekthi ingagqityiwe de kube sekupheleni, umhla ngaphambi kokuba kuvulwe igosa, ikomishoni yelizwe iyavuma loo ndawo. Kwakudingeka ukuba ube nexesha lokukhumbula umkhosi we-Oktobha.

Izitimela zokuqala zokuthuthwa kwabagibeli zithunyelwa kwi-depot kagesi ye-Kirovskoe ngoDisemba 26, 1987. Umzila ongaphantsi kweSamara waba ngoweshumi elinesibini kwi-USSR.

Kulo-1988 olulandelayo, abantu abayizigidi ezilishumi elinesithathu basebenzise iinkonzo zendlela entsha yokuthutha.

I-metro yaziwa kakhulu kangangokuba i-ejenti yokuhamba kwendawo yifake kwiluhlu lweendawo ekufuneka zihanjelwe kuzo.

Ipaki yefowuni

Iinqwelo zokuqala zenziwe kwi-Metrowagonmash plant (icandelo 81-717, elaphuhliswa ukususela ngo-1976).

Ngo-1990, ipaki ephathekayo yayineeyunithi ezingama-32. Okwangoku - malunga nama-50.

Iipetroli

Isikhululo ngasinye kwisitrato saseSoviet sinomsebenzi ohlukile. Umzila ongaphantsi kweSamara wawungekho nje.

- Isitishi "i-Kirovskaya".

- "Bezymyanka" - inkokhelo kumashishini omzi, owavelisa i-aircraft kunye nezinye iinkcukacha zangaphambili, njengoko kuboniswe kwisihlobiso.

- "Uloyiso" - umfanekiso wesidlo.

- "Ezemidlalo" - izinto zezemidlalo.

- "Gagarin" - umxholo wezulu.

Inyaniso

• Ngexesha lokwakha imigudu kwiziko, ukuhamba kweetroliwe akuzange kumise.
• Inqanawa yaseSamara idume ngokuba izitimela zayo ezimfutshane - iimoto ezine. Kukho ngokuphindwe ezintandathu kwiindlela eziphantsi komhlaba eMoscow.
• Isantya sokunyakaza siya kwiikhilomitha ezingamashumi asixhenxe ngeyure.
• Ikhefu lisuka kumine ukuya kweyisixhenxe imizuzu.
• Ubungakanani bee-tunnels ziimitha ezintlanu kunye nesiqingatha. Izihlandlo eziphantse ziphindwe zihlandlo ezifanayo kwiMetroro. Ezi zilinganiso zenza kube lula ukusebenzisa iinqwelo ezininzi.
• Kuzo zonke izikhululo kukho ukufumana isalathisi seselula.
• Iimpawu zokuqala zenziwe zetsimbi. Kodwa ngo-1992 bathatyathwa yiplastiki.

Ithemba

Kuza kube yimini, iMetroara yaseMasara inezitishi ezilishumi, ezikwisebe elinye elide malunga neekhilomitha ezilishumi elinesithathu.

Phantse ngo-2018, kucetywayo ukuvula umgca wesibini. Kuya kuba nezikhululo ezithandathu. Kwixesha elizayo, kucetywayo ukwakha isebe lesithathu.

Ezi nkcukacha zithembela ekuphuhlisweni kwiminyaka ezayo. Sekudlulileyo kusasa, ininzi yabagibeli baya kuba nako ukuhamba malunga nomzi ngaphantsi komhlaba, oya kukhulula ngokukhululekile inxalenye yomhlaba yeSamara. Kwaye kwanciphisa ukukhutshwa nokungcola.