I indawo okuyo ye Urals: ezicacileyo kunye awohluke

Ngokutsho encyclopedia, i phambene Iintaba i inkqubo wohlula amathafa East yaseYurophu kunye West Siberian. Ubude bayo lidlula kweekhilomitha 2,000, kwaye ngokutsho kweminye imithombo, ngaphezulu kwama-2500 km (Mugodzhary banikwa nemiqulu ukuya emazantsi pai-Khoi apha ngasentla). Ububanzi zokhahlamba 40-200 km.

iimpawu ngokubanzi

I phambene Mountains ziphakathi kakhulu kwiplanethi yethu. Kungenxa yoko le nto zithe gangqa Andes okanye Tibet. Age Urals uneminyaka engaphezu kwezigidi 600. Ngeli thuba kunokuba elide phantsi kwempembelelo imvula, umoya kunye landslides nakummango ukuba kusala batshatyalaliswe. I indawo okuyo ye Urals yi ngqo kakhulu ukuba amanqaku kwezopolitiko nezoqoqosho umbono. Kodwa ngaloo ngezantsi. Le ndawo igcwele kakhulu kwizimbiwa, zifunyanwa iidipozithi zobhedu, titanium, nemagnesium, i-oyile, amalahle, webauxite, kunye nabanye. Xa iyonke, kukho malunga abaphengululi amathandathu ezibalulekileyo ekrwada kunye neeminerali.

History of izovela

Ngokutsho imbali esemthethweni, i phambene Iintaba esafunyanwa kumaxesha amandulo. Kwangaxeshanye, izazinzulu zibhekisela iingxelo ngazo iitekisi zamaGrike. Zithetha ezintabeni Rhipaean (okanye Riphaeus) Imaus kunye Hyperborean. Namhlanje akunakwenzeka ukuba yeyiphi na inxenye izazinzulu Urals bathi eRoma yamandulo eGrisi, kuba kwebali lwabo zimanyene ngokobutyebi, kunye namabali ahlukeneyo iintsomi, amabali, kwaye nkqu iintsomi ngokuphandle. Bona ngokwabo abangazange baye kwezi ndawo, kodwa weva ngazo ngomlomo wesithathu. Noko ke, ukuba ukholelwa amavo zabantu abahlala Urals, abantu bahlala kulo mmandla elide phambi ngokuvela Greece yamandulo. Kamva imithombo Arab ndithi malunga lizwe Yugra, apho abantu bahlala സോഫ്റ്റ്വെയര് isoftwe. Kwakhona kwi Urals izazinzulu bathi iinkcazelo amazwe afana eBulgaria, Visa, Yajuji, Ma'jooj kunye nabanye. Kuzo zonke imithombo Arab bathi ezi imimandla kumiwa Abantu abaziingwanyalala gqitha, ngoko ke zivaliwe ukuba abahambi. Ngaphezu koko, nabo ukhankanye imozulu ngqwabalala bala mazwe, leyo nayo ukuchazwa esivumelana Urals. Noko ke, nangona ezi zibakala, abarhwebi Arab athontelana apha ngathi iimpukane ukuba ubusi, yaye oku ngenxa yobuninzi oboya, kwakunye netyuwa. Ezi mveliso kubizwa ngokuba lwemali engundoqo kumaXesha Aphakathi, ukuba acatshulwe matye axabisekileyo ngaphantsi negolide. imithombo Russian bathi, ekubeni iinkulungwane 12-13, le ndawo baba ngoovulindlela zethu, owasinikayo igama ilitye lendawo intaba. Kodwa ukususela ngenkulungwane ye-17 ngesandla ukukhanya V. Tatishchev ukuba baziwa ngokuba Urals.

EYurophu okanye Asia

Ngoku makhe sikhangele ukuba yintoni na indawo okuyo le Urals. Le ephakeme lowo umda aqhelekileyo phakathi eYurophu Asia, izakhiwo ezimbini lukhulu kuqweqwe lomhlaba, kwakunye nezadunge enkulu amanzi. I indawo okuyo ye Urals wahlukile ngokwenene, ibe xa kuthelekiswa ne-Great Wall of China, kuphela olu donga lamiswa ngokwemvelo. Yena, wabahlula abantu kunye neenkcubeko uphikisana: neengqiqo empuma nasentshona. Nangona kule meko kunzima ukumisela ukuba ngowuphi wafika kuqala. Nokuba "umkhusane ilitye" yaxobuka ukuba kukhule izityalo ezimbini, ebakhusela enye kwenye, okanye zombini abantu babesebenzisa ukuba imbali eqhelekileyo kunye neenqobo bulumko, yaye kamva ilizwekazi laseYurophu yathotyelwa kwimpembelelo ngaphandle, yaye bohluke zatshintsha yonke into. Konke okuxabisekileyo asiphethule: ubumhlophe luyavutha namnyama - ezimhlophe ... Kulo mzekelo, neloge endala wabasindisa abantu Oriental ezintshabeni lwangaphandle ukwenzela eli xesha. Noko ke, kwihlabathi lilonke, akukho umqobo litye akayi ayeke 'amaxabiso lwentando yesininzi' kwaye liberalism ebekwe yinkcubeko yaseYurophu. Njengoko uthi ntengiso? Ukuba awufuni ukusebenzisa umgubo "Tide," ngoko siye kuwe? .. Njengoko ubona, indawo ekhethekileyo wejografi le Urals nje kuphela imvelaphi kwezopolitiko nezoqoqosho, kodwa yenkcubeko.

nelaye lasisiseko abantu

ummandla phambene ngokwenani lemizi, labemi, kwakunye ngamandla kwezoqoqosho ngoku ingqalelo yesibini kuphela Central. I indawo okuyo ye Urals negalelo yokuba yaba ikhusi yendalo ukuze amaza ezininzi zifuduka. Ngoko ke, loo madoda Russian, ihamba ngasempuma, ezama ukukhangela ukuba iindawo ezomileyo ezisezantsi zogqunyelelwe zineziphumo lula kwi "Stone Belt" kunye nabantu emathafeni ukusuka inxalenye Asia kweli lizwekazi, efuna ukuya entshona ejongene nale njengomqobo zendalo kwafuneka ukuba aye ngeenxa ukusuka ezantsi. Yayisithi ke into eninzi kuwo nokuba bahlala emazantsi i phambene Iintaba. Oku kuchaza ukwahluka nobuhlanga mmandla. Urals yaba ezalwa ngenxa beentlanga ezininzi. Ivela lonke North Eurasia saa abantu ye phambene-Yukaghir iilwimi. Namhlanje esilawulwa labemi Russian - 80%, kodwa le kummandla phambene naye ekhaya ukuya Bashkirs, nangezinto, Udmurt, Chuvash, Mordovian, Mari, Komi-Permian, kunye nabanye.

Jonga imephu

imeko yehlabathi yezoqoqosho yendawo ye Urals iyodwa, njengoko ukwakweli umda lophuhliso loqoqosho (Europe) inxalenye lizwekazi kunye nezinto ekrwada (empuma). Ngenxa yoko, le ndawo web efunekayo zeendlela, imizila kaloliwe, imibhobho kunye neentambo zombane. Zonke ezi koohola unxulumanise Urals kunye kummandla iVolga, iVolga-Vyatka kunye West Siberian imimandla yelizwe lethu, kunye ne Kazakhstan. Kufuneka kuqondwe ukuba ummandla phambene Iintaba kunye nommandla phambene ayikho zakha zaba zinye. Makhe sibone ukuba yintoni na ukuba ziqondwe. Umzekelo, intaba Ibanga Subpolar kunye nemimandla Polar ezingaqukwanga kumafa yayo, kodwa hayi njalo kwi Urals kumathafa piedmont (oku empumalanga yaseYurophu East Plain) kunye Trans (ngohlangothi elisentshona West Siberian Plain).

smithy All-Russian

Phambene yenye yeenkalo zindala kushishino lwezimbiwa iplanethi yethu. Akumangalisi, ngenxa yokuba kukho imali ebekiweyo zamatye axabisekileyo semi-anqabileyo, alexandrite kunye aquamarine, garnets kunye ngesafire, iikarbhunkolo, neerubhi, itopazi ne rock crystal, malachite nejeyidi. Kumathambeka esempuma i phambene Mountains, apho zimelwe igneous, esisityebi kunene ezahlukeneyo kwezimbiwa ekrwada. Ngoko ke, ngenxa endle zesinyithi non-ayoni kwaye acace ukuba pawned kwaye kuphuhliswa icandelo le Urals. Ubhedu, intsimbi, chromium, nickel, ayibe, i-aluminiyamu, zinc esikrwada, platinum, igolide - ayikho uluhlu olupheleleyo larder zendalo, ingakumbi kwezi ntaba. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba Ridge ngokunjalo phambene zingahlulwa zibe ngamalungu amahlanu. Makhe sithi gqaba sihlolisise ngamnye kubo.

I indawo okuyo we polar Urals

Le yinxalenye kuluhlu ntaba iqhele kwi Yamalo-Nenets ஜோடி isilungelelanisi kunye Komi Republic. Imimandla umda udlula umsantsa omkhulu, nto leyo siyahlukana okudada OB (empuma) kunye Pechora (ntshona). Stoke-akhawunti amathambeka angasentla Baidarata Bay Arctic Ocean. Xa Polar Urals esilawulwa iintaba nge ekuphakameni 800-1200 m, kwaye ziphakamileyo (Mount Mhlawuli) ukufika 1500 m. Enyanisweni, imvelaphi yayo, le ndawo kuthatha elisezantsi phambili Konstantinov kameň (total 492 m). zintaba kwandisa kakhulu kwicala lasemzantsi - up to 1350 m Ubuninzi ukuphakama ekujoliswe emazantsi (malunga 65 ° N ..), kukho liphuma phezulu of the People (1894 m.) - indawo eliphezulu lonke Urals.

Kunye ngama efanayo Polar phambene eyandisiweyo kakhulu - ukuya ku-125 km - acazulule phezulu 5-6 lwamawa ngaxeshanye. Emzantsi kule ndawo kude kuse entshonalanga kwicala le Pechora bafudukela hsen ntaba lomqolo (1425 m).

Urals polar

Ukuqalisa ukusuka kwindawo uluhlu saber neliphela enekona Konzhakovskiy kameň, ukuphakama leyo 1569 m. Iyonke le nxalenye oluya kweyalo ithe cwaka ukuya kuma-59 °. w., nto leyo ebonisa indawo yayo okuyo. Polar Urals ibandakanya nasentshonalanga isikakhulu ezimbini longitudinal. East i yomlambo, kuba yaziwa ngokuba Poyasovoy Stone. West Ridge iyaziwa intaba-headed ezimbini Telpos-Out, okanye ilitye Sijongene Nomoya. ukuphakama kwayo 1617 m. irozi zomhlaba kwi Urals Polar ingasetyenziswa, uninzi ntaba ngokumila nkundla.

I indawo okuyo kuMbindi Urals

Le ndawo luphawulwa iincopho asezantsi. Kuxhomekeke phakathi 59 ne 56 degrees yobubanzi ngasentla. Ngokucophelela emntla-kumzantsi omde ibhanti ntaba indawo yi-engasezantsi, nakwintshonalanga engasentla. Idibene ne South, isigebenga Sredniy nemvelo lwakha arc ngecala khaxa elijonge ukuya ngasempuma, yaye Uvingca Ufimskoe ihewu (platform Mpuma Buze Russian). umda wayo osemantla zijongwa iintaba Konzhakovsky Stone and Kosvinsky kameň nakumazantsi - ntaba Utah (kummandla eChelyabinsk). Kwi-avareji, ukuphakama kwawo akufuneki ube ngaphezu kweemitha ezingama-800. Ukususela ngasentshonalanga ukuya kwiintaba Urals zoMbindi engaveza Urals onduli. Kulo mmandla climatically elilungileyo ebantwini kunokuba Polar. Apha elide kunye nehlobo ezifudumeleyo. I-avareji lobushushu ngoJulayi emazantsi eentaba ka 16-18 °. Unyawo zeentaba kumntla lawusibekela hlathi emazantsi, nakwelasezantsi - ihlathi-emathafeni.

Yuzhnyy phambene

Le peculiarity kule ngingqi kukuba apha iintaba wakhula kakhulu kwakhona. Umzekelo, i-Iremel phezulu lisingisa 1582 m, ukuphakama Yamanatau - 1640 m eeNdawo loMzantsi phambene ziquka Ridge evela phezulu Jurmala inkululeko ngasentla yaye ubonakalisa kwinxalenye. Ye phambene River ezantsi. Balani Ridge Uraltau yasiwa ibe kwicala lasempuma. Apha kulawula uhlobo isiqabu eliphakathi. Kwinxenye wasempumalanga yezihlunu ludlulele Zauralskaya, kunye kujikwa ithafa asezantsi. Imozulu sifudumele ngakumbi phakathi. Summer owomileyo na imimoya ezishushu. I-avareji lobushushu ngoJulayi emazantsi eentaba ka 20-22 °.

Ekuphetheni

Neyodwa ye Indawo esikuyo Urals kukuba elala phezu komda iinxalenye Asia nabaseYurophu lwelizwe lethu. Ukongezelela, iimpawu kuphuhliso wejoloji le Ridge abachaphazelekayo ukuqhama ezizodwa kwezibonelelo kwezimbiwa yayo. A ubukhulu becala, ummandla omkhulu-kwendawo, umahluko kwimimandla yasempumalanga nasentshonalanga le Urals, indlela ezahlukeneyo zophuhliso loqoqosho kweli kummandla ukwahlukana okukhulu indawo imeko yezoqoqosho kunye zendalo.