I '21st Century Elementary School. ": Reviews. iincwadi zezifundo zeBakala 1. Ithuba kuhlengahlengiswa kwiklasi yokuqala

Yintoni inkqubo "21st Century. School eziziziqalelo "? ootitshala Guest sisebenzela kuyo, ixubene kakhulu. Bambi baqinisekile ukuba le yinkqubo efunekayo ukwenzela uphuhliso evumelanayo umntwana mihla, abanye ootitshala ngokucacile ukulandula ukhetho olunjalo uqeqesho kunye nemfundo aselula.

iimpawu

Imithetho imfundo yophuhliso, kwadityaniswa kule projekthi zibangelwa iminyaka ukucinga ze uphande iqela elikhulu kwaye emanyeneyo ziingcali zesikolo samabanga aphantsi Ismo Centre (Institute of emfundo aphakamileyo Rao). Ukongeza, uphuhliso inxaxheba ngokusebenzayo yaye amanye amalungu Russian Academy of Education. Iincwadi zebanga 1 badalwa phantsi kolwalathiso F. Vinogradov, unjingalwazi, ugqirha wenzululwazi zokufundisa, ohambelana ilungu Rao.

Imvelaphi ye indlela entsha

Phambi kwakukho ingcamango enjalo, abaninzi ootitshala kunye iisayikholojisti basebenza nzima kuyo. inkqubo GEF "Elementary School. 21 "yaphuhliswa ngokusekelwe kwethiyori L. S. Vygotskogo. Oku kubonisa ubuchule yoqeqesho nophuhliso D. B. Elkonina, A. V. Zaporozhtsa, uV Davydova. Kule nkqubo kukho iziqalelo ingqikelelo kwisikolo samabanga kuba, ecetywayo uN F. Vinogradovoy, AM Pyshkalo.

Ingcamango olusisiseko cmd

Le nkqubo olungileyo kangaka, "kwinkulungwane yama-21. School eziziziqalelo "? Izimvo zootitshala kusetyenziswa ikhithi nokufundisa, zibonisa ukuba inani ngeendlela yotshintsho kwemfundo yaseprayimari mihla kuvula iindlela ezintsha kwinjongo, isiqulatho engundoqo umbandela wanikela kuso. Le ndlela kwemfundo noqeqesho yabantwana abakwiminyaka yokuba sesikolweni zaseprayimari kwizikolo rhoqo iye ihlolwe ngempumelelo. Iqela ababhali usebenza ekudalweni izixhobo zokufundisa, yaye iincwadi zezifundo ezizodwa kwiBakala 1.

Iimpawu kwekhithi yokufundisa

Ukongeza kwiincwadi abafundi, ababhali lwenkqubo kumisa kunye neencwadi ezizodwa ootitshala bezikolo zaseprayimari. Yanyatheliswa kunye nencwadi ezizodwa bezikolo zaseprayimari zenkulungwane yama-21. edition Yahlula kootitshala zipapashwe nezikhokelo, yaye umsebenzi ingqeqesho ngamnye izicwangciso. Yintoni yahlukile kwezinye iindlela zenkqubo "21 st Century. Elementary School? "Iimpendulo abazali abanabantwana sele beqeqeshiwe, ubukhulu becala entle kulo. Achaza ukuba abantwana baba lula ukuqhelana kwi enamanqanaba embindini, kungekho ngxaki kunye nezifundo zabo.

iinketho Cmd

kit lokufundisa Full "Elementary School of kwinkulungwane yama-21. Ihlabathi esiphila "luquka incwadi, ihlelwe yi NF Vinogradova, kwakunye yomsebenzi okhethekileyo mbandela. Kwakhona kwi Cmd babe primer wadala Evdokimovoy O. A., Zhurovoy L. E. iingxaki zebakala 1 math eziqokelelweyo Rudnitskoy V. N., zekhontenti umdla, imibuzo ecacileyo. Ekwenzeni abantwana babo bafunde ukucamngca, ukucinga ngokusengqiqweni, ukukhetha ekunene ukhetho ezimbalwa ezifundiswayo. lokufunda ukufunda lwenziwa yi ethi "ukufunda yoncwadi" ocetywayo Efrosininoy L. A. Zonke izibonelelo ziqukiwe kwikhithi ekufundiseni, evunyiweyo (recommended) ukuze zisetyenziswe yi-Ofisi yoMphathiswa wezeMfundo kunye Science of the Russian Federation. Ukuba ingxaki eklasini enye kwimathematika esekelwe kuphuhliso ekuqiqeni, kwizifundo ezifana nobugcisa, kunikwa ingqwalaselo lwezakhono zeprakhtikhali.

features TMC

Xa indlela langoku umgaqo engundoqo kwemfundo mihla: zezikolo zamabanga kubonakala prirodosoobraznosti. Iimpawu kwenkqubo yokufunda sikuko yokuba kule iminyaka imfuno esisiseko yonxibelelwano besikolo, umsebenzi onemveliso. Ezi mpawu ziye zathathelwa ingqalelo ngababhali ubuchule, sichonge ngokucacileyo ukuba umfundi abe nako ukuya kwibanga-2. Ngaba kuthathelwa ingqalelo iimpawu ngamnye typological yomsebenzi ngokwasengqondweni kwabafundi, kumiselwa inqanaba elihle kwezentlalo, yabo. Njengoko isenziwa kwinkqubo yesikolo Russian "Century 21. School eziziziqalelo "? Izimvo ootitshala, abazali, ukuxhasa ukuphunyezwa kwangethuba le ndlela, ukusebenza kwayo.

period ukulungiswa

Zengqondo ziye zaphawula ukubaluleka kwexesha lohlengahlengiso ukuba ugrade kuqala. Kungenxa xesha-ugrade, ngokutsho neqondo lokulungela isikolo, uwele ngaphandle naziphi na iingxaki ukusuka kwixesha uthole ukuya kwesikolo esisityebi. Ababhali iseti lwemethodoloji ze kugxininiswe ngokukodwa kwi ngokuphuhliswa kwezifundo zoqeqesho ezihlangeneyo ezinikezelwa yi-ugrade yokuqala kwisiqingatha sokuqala. iiphazili Logic, leyo ukusombulula guys kubanceda zihlaziye uhlobo ejikelezileyo, bafunda iziseko ukufunda nokubhala. Umxholo othi "Ihlabathi", ukongeza kwimisebenzi emfundo, kwaye inikeza lithathelwe ethambileyo yeebhokhwe izolo ukuba umsebenzi omtsha.

Le ukuhlanganiswa, nto leyo evumela ukuba bakuthathele ingqalelo kwimbono yokuba ubume obubanzi le yesikolo yobudala ekugqibeleni indawo ngamaxabiso ngokwahlukeneyo. iiphazili Logic wacela ukuba lokuqala-ugrade kwisiqingatha sesibini sonyaka, ukunceda ekubumbeni umfanekiso abafundi 'ezele leyinene ezingqongileyo. Le ntsingiselo ithathwa njengesiseko sokwakha isiyalo academic "Ihlabathi" kwi kumabanga 2-4. Ikhosi "Elementary School. 21 Century "(grade 2) ijolise ukujongana omnye wemiba ephambili yemfundo yaseprayimari mihla - ukuyilwa iinkalo eziphambili yomsebenzi yoqeqesho. Le mbono wokwakha inkqubo yokufunda abafundi besikolo samabanga aphantsi wanikela nkolelo asakhasayo uqeqesho. Ababhali set "Elementary School. 21 "sizimisele ukudala indlela yale ngobuwena, uqeqesho izikolo Russian, kungakhathaliseki indawo leziko, inqanaba yoqeqesho kootitshala abafundisayo.

GEF kwisikolo samabanga aphantsi

Imigangatho ezintsha urhulumente wezwe emiselwe isanda uqeqesho, yaqalisa izinga iklasi 1 ukufunda. Kuchazwa kuthathelwa ingqalelo into yokuba ababhali izixhobo zokufundisa ahlawule ingqalelo ukusetyenziswa kwemisebenzi umzekelo abafundi besikolo samabanga aphantsi yinto ephambili. Ababhali wadala inkqubo ezizodwa imidlalo nemithetho leyo ethe kuyimfuneko yaye kubalulekile ukuba umgangatho zenkqubo yokufunda kunye nezakhono. Isakhiwo kunye nesiqulatho indlela esetyenziswayo ukuphumeza iinjongo zayo, abonisa iindlela ezintsha kuseko kuxatyiso kunye nemisebenzi iliso besikolo junior. Cmd angenela engange eyodwa ebizwa ngokuba "Zihlole" kwakunye uhlobo lomsebenzi "esola", "thelekisa nombhalo impendulo yakho."

Imizila emitsha Primary School

Vuselela umxholo uqeqesho kunye nemfundo kwizikolo eziziiprayimari Russian lubandakanya utshintsho ngcembe evela kwimisebenzi ekuzaleni yaye elabelwe ukufundisa ukuhlola kunye nophando kunye nomsebenzi yoyilo. Ukufundisa kwikhithi, esetyenziswa ngempumelelo phantse onke amaziko mihla emfundo Russian, akubandakanyi uphuhliso lwabafundi njenge 'umphulaphuli' elula, kunye nokudlulisela ku umsebenzi "umphengululi". Ngoku kuqala-ugrade nje ukuphulaphula ngenyameko kumfundisi wakhe, khumbula izinto aveliswa ngayo ngexesha isifundo, ukuba izinto yinxalenye imisebenzi yokufunda.

Umntwana nomdla, ukuze sifumane iimpendulo ukukhathazeka kwakhe, ukuba bathenge ulwazi olutsha lwabo. Kokuba baqale ukusebenzisa nayiphi na umsebenzi omtsha, umfundi kuyingozi hypothesis, oko kukuthi, imibono ichazwe kwi mbandela kuthethwa. Sele umfundi yokuqala grade ofuna nokuphathelene inyathelo algorithm, nangena ingxoxo yenzululwazi kunye nabo, umfundisi-umcebisi. Utitshala ayisa lubeka iingxaki ebantwaneni ekuqaleni imisebenzi yokufunda, umfundi ngamnye ithuba ngokwenene "thola" ngokwabo data yenzululwazi, ukwenza uphando olupheleleyo zayo.

Ababhali ngokuhlalutywa kwekhithi nokufundisa wabeka umsebenzi enjalo, njengoko ingqalelo ukwanda ootitshala nabazali kumsebenzi ezinobuchule abafundi. Libonisa ukuzimela phulo yomntwana ngamnye. Ukuziqhelisa, ukujongana nale ngxaki enkulu, ootitshala ziceba ukwandisa ukubaluleka yokufunda ingxaki-based, wabele ixesha elininzi ekuphuhliseni geqe ngabafundi '. Ngokuthe ngcembe, kunye ukukhula okuqhelekileyo abantwana, izakuthatwa nokuntsonkotha zemisebenzi ezenzelwe abafundi.

umsebenzi Creative phakathi kwabantwana kunyuswa kuphuculo inkqubo ngengqondo ezingqondweni. Le ndlela yokuqeqesha ibandakanya ukusetyenziswa inkqubo indima imidlalo. Kuyinto ngenxa kubo isikolo sinako ukuphuhlisa iinkalo ezahlukeneyo zokuziphatha, ukungenisa ubuchule kunye nomfanekiso- umntwana zonke. Ukufaneleka kunye luncedo ngendima-ukudlala imidlalo lokuqala zoqeqesho ingqinwa yokusebenza, ngoko imisebenzi enjalo into mandatory noshowo i "ihlabathi elisingqongileyo 'lwezifundo kumaBakala 1-2. Kule ncwadi kukho icandelo eyodwa ebizwa ngokuba "Journey ukuya elidlulileyo", oko kuquka nokukhuthaza umsebenzi ubuchule abantwana.

Ingakumbi i 'yesikolo kule nkulungwane yama-21 "

Ababhali bale isethi ingqalelo ekhethekileyo ehlawulwa amathuba okuba umntwana ngamnye ukubonakalisa ubuntu babo. Kuzo zonke izibonelelo zoqeqesho ezinikezelwa yi indlela nombhali, izakuthatwa eziphathekayo, ukwenza utitshala ukuba athathe ingqalelo kwimpumelelo isantya usana lwabo, inqanaba lophuhliso ngokwengqondo. Iincwadi zibandakanyiwe kule program, zibonisa ubukho umxholo uqeqesho olongezelelweyo. Oku kudala yenkcubeko, uqeqesho ophezulu kakhulu imvelaphi eruditsionny. Ezi zinto ezintsha umntwana isuswe isibophelelo niyazi ngokucacileyo umbandela imfundiso ethile, kule meko ke wanikwa ilungelo ukuphuhlisa indlela yabo yokufundisa. Enjalo indlela ababhali negalelo kuphuhliso nokuphunyezwa kwe iindlela ezintsha ukuya iyantlukwano mihla yemfundo yaseprayimari.

Ngoku, utitshala unika inkxaso ethagetha esekelwe kwinqanaba ezahlukeneyo collective eklasini. iincwadi ezizodwa zemfundo zoluleko ukuba sele ziphuhlisiwe ngokukodwa zonke iinkalo zemfundo, ukunika utitshala ithuba lokuba bashiye uguqulelo classical umsebenzi, ngokusekelwe kwi "avareji" umfundi. Ngoku ndizinika umsebenzi wabo umsebenzi ekujoliswe kuzo kunye nabafundi abancinane, banikwe inqanaba lokuphumelela, ithuba umntwana zonke.

Cmd inikezela inkqubo ngocoselelo ze umsebenzi utitshala wesikolo samabanga aphantsi, nto leyo ehambisana kunye kususwe zonke izinto ezibangela kobunzima ngabantwana kuphononongo izifundo zesikolo ezahlukileyo. I injono thaca iimvavanyo, kukho inkqubo une kwiklasi nganye abafundi, encediswa ngutitshala ukhuphela nemiba ekukhuleni eziwadini, kwakunye ngolu hlobo lulandelayo nokwenziwa ngempumelelo ulwazi olutsha nezakhono. ababhali ingqalelo ekhethekileyo indlela entsha inkqubo yanikwa ekumisweni umoya omhle ngokweemvakalelo ekufundiseni abafundi abancinane, kwakunye nokuphuhliswa ukuzimela kunye nephulo yoqeqesho.

Iindlela zoqeqesho yenziwe ukwenzela ukuba umfundi ngamnye wesikolo samabanga aphantsi unelungelo ukwenza iimpazamo, ukuzeyisa uvavanyo okusebenza kwabo, uhlalutyo iziphumo zokufunda. Le program ilungiselelwe abantwana ikholam ethile "Zihlole," yaye utitshala izincomo ezikhethekileyo kwi lombutho kolawulo phezu umsebenzi wabafundi. kwisifundo ngasinye kufakwa kwiprogram ezihlaziyiweyo, bunenjongo yayo.

Zihlalutywe kit yokufundisa "Elementary School of kwinkulungwane yama-21," kuye kwaziswa yi-National Training Foundation. Le nkqubo iye yaba nxaxheba kunye ozibalule ukhuphiswano kakhulu, ezinxulumene kunye nokudalwa isizukulwana esitsha izinto zokufundisa DU. Ministry of Education, akuba safunda ngenyameko zonke izinto, bawazisa le ndlela. CMB iye amkelwa yoluntu, waphumelela iimbasa awohlukeneyo karhulumente kunye noshishino. Ngoko ke, ngo-2001 i iseti owamiswayo ukuba intshatsheli yokutyumba "I Incwadi zenkulungwane yama-21." Le nkqubo kukhutshwa 14 Moscow International Book Fair ibhaso "Oscar". Ngo-2002, i "School of the 21st Century" uye wafumana imbasa kaMongameli yodumo xa kwinkalo yemfundo.

Izimvo epheleleyo "Elementary School of kwinkulungwane yama-21"

Ootitshala abapase zonke izigaba zenkqubo, besithi ukuba kakhulu umdla ezintsha. Ootitshala bathi indalo yayo yophuhliso, ubukho kwiincwadi ngamanqanaba ahlukeneyo imisebenzi ubhalo. Phakathi iimpawu yomdla program iikhosi emanyanisiweyo wacela lokuqala-ugrade kwisiqingatha sokuqala. Umzekelo, ezi zifundo zemveli, ijolise ukufundisa ukubhala, kunye nezibalo zinxulunyaniswe ukuya kwikhondo "zeDiploma". Abantwana befunda izakhono zemfundo kwimathematika ngolwimi. Abazali achaphazelekayo, apho kuya kubakho nokuba nkqubo inzima kakhulu abantwana babo.

isiphelo

Le program zihlalutywe kwisikolo samabanga aphantsi eyisingela ingqalelo ngokukodwa ezahlukeneyo abafundi uxilongo. Mfundisi, enkosi izenzo ezinjalo, ukuqonda ngcono iingxaki abafundi babo, ukukhangela iindlela awalungise, ukhetha umsebenzi enomahluko eklasini, ekuncedeni umntwana ukwakha indlela zemfundo ngamnye. Umfundi uyakwazi ukususa i kwempixano ezingasetyenziswanga, ekubeni umsebenzi diagnostic akuqhelekanga inkqubo yovavanyo indawo ranking. Cmd "Elementary School of kwinkulungwane yama-21," ibandakanya ukuphunyezwa umgaqo esisiseko imfundo mihla - abantwana ubudala-efanelekileyo.

Ukuthandwa le kithi ixhaswa yokuba phantse zonke iingingqi Russian Federation ootitshala bezikolo zaseprayimari basebenza program onjalo. Ootitshala abakhetha izixhobo zokufundisa, eyakhayo ngayo. Phakathi iiyantlukwano zalo kwezinye iinkqubo eyenzelwe kwisikolo samabanga aphantsi, khetha uyilo inkqubo yovavanyo yemfundo ukusuka ekuqaleni ukuya kwibakala lesine. Le projekthi ijolise ikakhulu kuphuhliso evumelanayo lomfundi, impumelelo yoqeqesho lwakhe. Kulo mba, ixabiso enye linikwa uxilongo ecwangcisiweyo, Bulelani apho utitshala iqwalasela iimpawu ngamnye abaxhamlayo, inikeza inendlela enomahluko eqhuba ngayo umfundi ngamnye.

uxilongo zokufundisa kuvumela utitshala ukuchonga ekuqaleni ukulungela umfundi ukuba afunde. , Uqonde Okulandelayo ngumcebisi ningabeka ntoni na umgangatho nokugqwesa ubuchule nezakhono umntwana, ingaba utshintsho ngempumelelo yenzekile. Ngokusekelwe kwezi data utitshala wenza isigqibo ngeendawo eya phambili, okanye uphindaphindo izinto zokufundisa. Kwinkqubo yalo kwesifo iyahlolwa kuphela ulwazi ngokwayo, njengendlela ukuqwalasela umsebenzi yesifundo esithile. Izinto eziluncedo yalo uphethwe ukuba abafana uzive ezisimahla, ezizimeleyo lwamanqaku. izifundo rhoqo ukusuka ekuqaleni ukuya kwibakala lesine ngumfundisi kwasekwa umfanekiso ocacileyo uphuhliso ngokwasengqondweni ezinobuchule umntwana ngamnye. Oku kwenza ixesha utitshala ukunceda umfundi, ukubandakanya abazali.

Nangona iingxaki ezinxulumene nokuqaliswa kwenkqubo entsha kwi lokuqala uqeqesho, ukusebenza kunye nocikizeko zingqinwa ixesha. Izimvo le ndlela yokufundisa kuninzi ezintle, ekubeni isekelwe kwi indlela ngamnye kubantwana, umahluko kwenkqubo yemfundo. Ngokunxulumene inguqu wemfundo Russian owayephila kwi imigangatho emitsha yemfundo karhulumente kwandisa ukungxamiseka kunye ukufaneleka iindlela zemfundo, ebandakanya umfundi kunye notitshala ngokusebenzisana.