Goncharov, "Ibali eliqhelekileyo": isishwankathelo, uhlalutyo

Sinikela kwingqalelo yakho umsebenzi we-IA Goncharov "iMbali Yesiqhelo" (isishwankathelo). Eli nqaku lichaza iziganeko eziphambili zeveli, ezishicilelwe okokuqala ngo-1847.

Icandelo lokuqala

Ngenye ihlobo, kwi-estate ka-Anna Pavlovna Aduyeva, umnini-mhlaba ohluphekileyo ukusuka kwidolophana yaseGrachi, eSt. Petersburg, u-Alexander Fedorovich, unyana wakhe kuphela, umfana osemhlophe onemibala, iminyaka kunye nempilo, wathunyelwa eSt. Petersburg ngenkonzo. Enye kunye naye, uVevsey we-valet uhamba.

Ukubona

U-Anna Pavlovna uyakhalaza kwaye umnika imiyalelo yokugqibela. Ukwaziswa kwakhona ngumfazi oqinileyo nonamandla, u-Agrafena, onzima ukukhupha iimvakalelo zakhe. Ummelwane uMarya Karpovna kunye nentombi yakhe uSofya iza kuza. Iqhawe linomdla kunye naloo mva, intanda uyamnika umgca wezinwele ezinqambileyo kunye neendandatho.

Bafunga ukunyaniseka kunye nothando olungunaphakade. Ubonakala kunye noPospelov, umhlobo ka-Aleksandro, owayevela kude ukumbamba umhlobo wakhe.

Petr Ivanovich

Masiqhubeke nokuchaza imicimbi yendibano "Ibali eliqhelekileyo". Isishwankathelo somsebenzi sichaza malunga nokuphuhliswa okuqhubekayo kwengxelo.

Ekugqibeleni, uAlexander noEvsei baqalisa uhambo lwabo. Umalume we-protagonist, uPyotr Ivanovich Aduyev, uyise ka-Alexander wayethunyelwa ePetersburg ngexesha lakhe waza wahlala kwesi sixeko iminyaka eyi-17, ixesha elide engakhulumi kunye nezihlobo. Wayekhonza njengegosa lezabelo ezikhethekileyo ngomntu oyedwa obalulekileyo, wayehlala kwindlu efanelekileyo kakhulu, enabakhonzi abaningana. Umalume, indoda yokuzibamba, wayebhekwa njengelungu lezoshishino kunye noluntu olusebenzayo. Uhlala enomdla kwaye egqoke ngokunyanisekileyo, usenokuthi, uhlakaniphile. Xa uPetros Ivanovich efunda ngokufika komntakwabo, okokuqala wagqiba kwelokuba, phantsi kombango wokuqala, ukuba amlahle. Umalume ubeka iileta ezivela kwiintsapho, ngaphandle kokufunda (kubandakanye no-u-Alexander wakhe, kunye naye enomdla ebusheni bakhe, nabangatshatanga). Kodwa kwincwadi eya kumama womntakwabo into ethintekayo kuye, ukhumbula iminyaka emininzi edlulileyo, embona ePetersburg, u-Anna Pavlovna wakhala. UPyotr Ivanovich uyaxhalabisa ukuba lo mva uhlawulela unyana wakhe phambi koogunyaziwe, ebusuku ubhaptize aze agubungele umlomo wakhe ngemfoloko.

Ubunzima bokuqala

Sikubonisa inkcazo yeengxaki zokuqala ezifunyenwe nalo mfana, umxholo omfutshane. Ibali "eliqhelekileyo" likaGoncharov liyaqhubeka lilandisa. Iingxaki zokuqala iqhawe lalinalo zilandelayo. Umalume akasamniki, ubonisa igumbi elingasuswa, kunokumema ukuba ahlale naye. Ukubamba ukulangazelela uAlexandro ophazamisekileyo kunye ophakanyisiweyo, ojwayele ukutyhulwa ngokunyanisekileyo kunye nesimo esinobungane. Isimo sengqondo somfana osemfazweni emehlweni kaPeter Ivanovich akavumelekanga ngokupheleleyo. Uhleka usulu indlela yomntakwabo yokuzibonakalisa ngeengqungquthela zothando, uphonsa iinwele zakhe kunye no-Sophia, aze adlule udonga kunye nemibongo eyayiziqhayisa ngayo loo mfana. UPyotr Ivanovich wehla u-Aleksandro evela ezulwini waya emhlabeni, umchaza ukuba abe nenkonzo. Amaphupho omsane womsebenzi odibeneyo, ecinga kakhulu. Uthetha ngolu hlobo kumalume wakhe, malunga neeprojekthi zakhe, ezathi, ngokutsho kwelokugqibela, sele zenziwe, okanye akufuneki zenziwe. Ukwazi ukuba le ndoda iphupha lokuba ngumlobi, umalume wakhe ufuna iinguqulelo zomagazini omnye wezolimo.

Ubomi obutsha

Isigaba esitsha ebomini kumntu oyintloko womsebenzi "Ibali eliqhelekileyo" liqala. Isishwankathelo saso senziwe ngeziganeko ezilandelayo. Kwiminyaka emibini kamva, uAlexandria sele ephethe imilinganiselo enhle, uyaba nokuzithemba ngakumbi. UPyotr Ivanovich wayesele sele egqiba isigqibo sokuba wayesendleleni efanelekileyo, xa ngokukhawuleza le ndoda iyakuthandana noNadia Lyubetskaya kwaye ibalekele yonke into ehlabathini: malunga nemisebenzi, imfundo, imisebenzi. Umalume uzama ukuchaza ukuba kusenokwenzeka ukuba atshade, kuba ukugcina intsapho, kufuneka ube nenzuzo efanelekileyo. Ukongezelela, kufuneka ukwazi ukunqoba ibhinqa ngengqondo yakho kunye nobuqili, umntakwabo ungumfana owodwa. Inzondelelo kaNadenka iya kudlula, umalume wakhe uxwayisa. UAlexandro uyacaphuka xa efunda ukuba umalume wakhe uya kutshata, amhlambele ngomtshato ngokulula.

Nadenka Lyubetskaya

Ibali eliqhelekileyo "iGoncharov kwisishwankathelo iyaqhubeka ekuphuhliseni. UAlexander uqala ukutyelela indlu yaseLyubetskikh. Isithandwa sakhe sasinomdla kakhulu, sineentliziyo ezintle kunye neengqondo ezinzulu. Okokuqala, ilungiselelwe ngokuthetha ngento, inceba kwaye ihamba phantsi kwenyanga. UAlexandre akafaneki abuyele ePyotr Ivanovich, ephosa umsebenzi wakhe, uqala ukubhala kwakhona, kodwa imisebenzi yakhe ayamkelekanga ngabavakalisi, babonisa ukungabikho kobuqhetseba nokungavali. Kancinci, uNadia uthuthuka ngummangali wakhe. Unyaka wexesha lokulinganisa elimisela uAlexander eliphela kwaye uzama ukuphepha ingcaciso. Esinye sezizathu kukuba kutyelelo luka Count Novinsky, ulutsha oluthile nolwazileyo, ingonyama yelizwe. Uqala ukutyelela uNadenka, ufundisa ukukhwela kwakhe. UAlexandro, ebona ukuba uyagwenywa, uwela enkwenkqeni okanye ekhwankqisayo, unquma ukusabalalisa ixesha elithile ukuze aphandwe, kodwa oku akukwenzeka. Le nsizwa ihlaziya ukubiza umnqweno kwintetho ephosakeleyo. UNadia uyavuma ukuba uyathanda intloko. UAlexander, beshiya indlu, bekhala.

Umxholo omfutshane wencwadi ethi "I-Ordinary History" iyaqhubeka. Phakathi kobusuku iqhawe ligijimela kuPyotr Ivanovich ukuba ivuse isihawu, kubuze umalume wakhe ukuba avume ukuba abe ngowesibini ngexesha le-duel no-Novinsky. UPyotr Ivanovich uthetha ngokungathandabuzeki kwe-duel: UNadenka akakwazi ukubuyiselwa, kodwa umntu unokumthiya xa kulwa nabala. Ukongezelela, kwimeko yokubulala, ulindele ukugqithiselwa isigwebo okanye ukuthunjwa. Ngokuphindaphindiweyo, uceba ukubetha umchasi, ukukholisa u-Nadenka wokuphakama ngaphezu kokubala, ngokukodwa kwi-intellectual. Umalume uqinisekisa ukuba intanda ayithandanga ukukhetha i-Novinsky. Ekupheleni kwengxoxo, umntakwabo waqhawula iinyembezi. Umfazi kaPetros Ivanovich, uLizaveta Alexandrovna, uya kumthuthuzela.

Icandelo lesibini

Sifike kwinqanaba lesibini leveli "ibali eliqhelekileyo." Isishwankathelo zilandelayo.

Omnye unyaka udlule. UAlexandro waya ekudeni. U-Anti uchitha ixesha elide kwintuthuzelo yakhe. Umntakwabo uthanda indima yomntu ogulayo. Ukuchasa ukuba uthando lokwenene alufuni ukubonakalisa kubo bonke, uAlexandre uyayibona ngokugqithiseleyo ukuba uthando lomfazi kaPetros lufihliwe kakhulu, ngoko kungabonakali ngokupheleleyo. Ngomlomo, umakhulukazi uyavumelana naye. Nangona akanalo ilungelo lokukhalaza ngomyeni wakhe, owanikela bonke abantu, uLizaveta Alexandrovna usafuna ukuvakalelwa.

Ukudibana nomhlobo

Nantsi indlela iziganeko ezilandelayo ezenzeka ngayo iGoncharov IA ("Imbali Yesiqhelo"). Isishwankathelo sezahluko ozifundayo siyaqhubeka kunye nentlanganiso yomntu oyintloko kunye nomhlobo omdala. Ngolunye usuku uAlexander ufika kumakhulukazi wakhe aze amxelele ngokungcatsha komhlobo ongenakuboni iminyaka emininzi. Wadibana naye kwiNevsky Prospekt. Akazange ayiphendule kwimibhobho eqinileyo, ebuza ngokukhawuleza malunga nenkonzo kwaye emema ukuba angene ekamelweni lakhe ngosuku olulandelayo lokutya, ehamba ngeentlanganiso ezili-12. Lapha uzinikela ukudlala amakhadi, kunye nemali, ukuba ufuna. UAlexander uqala ukuthetha ngothando olungathandekiyo, kodwa umhlobo wakhe uhleka nje. Umntakwabo ufunda umalume wakhe ka-anti ngokucaphuna kwiincwadi zesiqhelo zesiFrentshi, ochaze ubuhlobo ngokunyanisekileyo. Oku kwacaphukisa uPeter Ivanovich, uthi umhlobo uziphatha ngokufanelekileyo ngokumalunga naye. Umalume ugxeka le ntsha ukuba sekuyisikhathi sokuyeka ukukhalazela ngabantu kunye nokugcoba xa enabo bahlobo, abazibandakanya yena nomfazi wakhe.

Ibali likaAlexander

Siza kuchaza iziganeko ezongezelelweyo, umxholo wabo omfutshane. Ibali eliqhelekileyo "iGoncharova iyaqhubeka nokuphuhliswa kwayo. UPeter Ivanovich ukhumbuza umntakwabo ukuba akabhalelanga unina kwiinyanga ezine. UAlexander utyunjwe ngokupheleleyo. Ukuze amthuthuzele, uAunti ucebise ukuba athathe kwakhona iincwadi. Le nsizwa ibhala inombolo, isenzo esenzeka kwidolophana yaseTambov, kwaye amaqhawe angamanga, abanyundeli kunye nezilo. Uwufundela umalume wakhe ngokuzwakalayo. UPyotr Ivanovich ubhala incwadi eya kumhleli oqhelekileyo, apho athi ibali libhalwa nguye, kwaye uzimisele ukuyipapasha ngentlawulo. Wafunda impendulo yomhleli kumntakwabo. Ufumene ubuqhetseba, ekuqapheliseni ukuba umbhali ungumfana osemncinci, kungeyena oyisiphukuphuku, kodwa utyhafile kwihlabathi lonke. Izizathu zolu, ngombono wakhe, ziphupha, ukuzithanda, ukuphuhliswa kwangaphambi kwentliziyo kunye nokungahambi kakuhle kwengqondo, okukhokelela ekubeni nobuvila. Umsebenzi, isayensi kunye nomsebenzi osebenzayo kufuneka uncede le ntsha. Ngokomhleli, umbhali webali alikho talente.

Ulwalamano noJulia Tafayeva

Iziganeko ziya kuqhubeka njani? Oku kuya kusixelela umxholo wabo omfutshane: ibali eliqhelekileyo. UGoncharov IA ugxininisa oku kwinqanaba leloveli.

Emva kweziganeko ezichazwe ngentla, uAlexander utshaya yonke imisebenzi yakhe yokubhala. Uncle uyamcela uncedo: ukukhuphisana noSurkov, lakhe iqabane. Uthandana (uPetros Ivanovich ukholelwa ukuba ucinga nje ukuthi uyamthanda) kunye noJulia Tafaeva, umhlolokazi oselula. Ufuna ukuba alahle imali, kwaye athathe kuwo uMalume Alexander. Le nsizwa iqala ukutyelela iTafaeva, kunye nabo bafana ngokubanzi (imbono ephazamisayo yehlabathi, iphupha). Kungekudala uthanda, kwaye wakhupha iincwadi zesiFulentshi kunye nokutshata kwendoda kumntu omdala uThafaeva wakhe wamphendula.

Ukudumala okusha

Iqhawe liphinde lilindele ukudideka ekuphuhliseni phambili kweziganeko. Sibapha isishwankathelo esifutshane. Ibali eliqhelekileyo "I-Goncharova isele isondela kwisigqibo. Kukhona umalungiselelo womtshato. UAlexandro wabuza imfihlakalo kumalume wakhe uncedo kuLizaveta Alexandrovna. Umalume uxabela uYulia, intombazana iyamangaliswa ubuhle bakhe nobutsha. UTafayeva ubhikisha ngokubhekiselele ekunxibelelaneni nomthandi wakhe kunye ne-Aduyevs. UAlexandre uziphatha noYulia ngokunyanisekileyo, kufuna ukuthobela kunye nokuphunyezwa kwanoma yiyiphi i-whim (izicingo ezivela kumadoda aqhelekileyo, unqanda ukuhamba). UJulia uyayibetha phantsi, kodwa emva kwexesha baxhala, i-hero carping yomthandi iqala. Uyabona ukuba akalahlekanga nto kwiminyaka emibili yonke, umsebenzi wakhe uphinde wahlupheka. Ufuna ukunxibelelana nabahlobo bakhe, umsebenzi, ukuhamba ukuya ekukhanyeni, kwaye ufuna ngokunyanisekileyo ukuba uAlexander uhlala kuye kuphela. U-Julia uyahlaziswa, aze afune ukutshata naye nemeko yokunika inkululeko epheleleyo kwiqhawe. UAlexandre akafuni oku, kodwa engazi ukuba angayenqaba. Uphendukela kumalume ukuba acebise. NgoJulia kukho ukuhlaselwa kweentlonelo, uPeter Ivanovich uya kuye aze alungise le ngxaki, esithi uAlexander akakwazi ukuthanda. Umntakwabo uswela ukunganakwa. Akalwela nantoni na, akabonakali kumalume wakhe. Le nsizwa ibonisa ukuba akukho nethemba elilodwa kunye nephupha elishiyekileyo, kuphela into ehamba ngayo phambi kwayo, engayilunganga.

ULisa

Umbhali, nangona kunjalo, oku akupheli inveli "ibali eliqhelekileyo." Inkcazo emfutshane ichaza indlela eli baliza ngayo eli bali. Umdlali oyintloko uloba kunye neKostikov endala, umsizi kunye nomgxeki.

Badibana kunye nomntu osele ekhulile kunye noLisa, intombi yakhe. Udlala indima yomalume wakhe, umfundisa ukuba acingisise ngothando nangobomi. Uyise kaLisa uyamgxotha. Le nsizwa icinga ngokuzibulala, kodwa ibhuloho apho emele khona iqhutywe ngalo mzuzwana, kwaye ixhamla kwinkxaso eqinile. Emva kwexesha elithile, ufumana inqaku kumyeni wakhe emcela ukuba amthabathe ekhonsathini kuba umalume wakhe uyagula. UMculo wenza ukuba uAlexandro achukumiseke, uyakhala nje ehholo, uhleka.

Buyela kwidolophana

Ezi zinto zaziziganeko eziphambili ngaphambi kokubuyela kwidolophana (ngokufutshane). Ibali eliqhelekileyo "I-Goncharova ivele i-Rooks. Le nsizwa ilahlekelwa ngokupheleleyo ngokholo ebantwini, iyanquma ukubuyela kwidolophana. Utshela umalume wakhe ukuba akayikumthuka ngenxa yokuvula amehlo akhe, kodwa ekuboneni izinto ekukhanyeni okwenyaniso, ekugqibeleni wadumala ebomini. Kwidolophana, uAlexander ufunda ukuba uSophia wakhe owayesithandekayo wayesele esatshatile kwaye ulindele umntwana wesithandathu. Umama uthatyathwa ukuba anqumle le ntombazana, engavumeli nto ukuba yenze, ibonisa ukuba lixesha lokutshata, kodwa iqhawe liyala.

Uhambo olutsha ukuya eSt. Petersburg

Imbali yethu eqhelekileyo iyaqhubeka. Uphuhliso oluncinane lweziganeko lulandelayo. Ukomelezwa komsebenzi kukhula kancane kwiqhawe, kwaye umnqweno uyavela ukubuyela kwikomkhulu. Ubhala iileta kumakhulukazi wakhe kunye nomalume, apho avuma khona ngokwakhe. Kwakhona uhambisa ubungqina kumalume wakhe-ileta ku-anti wakhe evela eRook, apho wayekade eqiqa ngesithandane sothando.

Ipilo

Iminyaka emine emva kokufika okulandelayo kwendoda e-Petersburg, uxela umalume wakhe ngenjongo yokutshata. Uthabatha i-dowry enkulu, aze akhumbule umtshakazi ngokwakhe. Noko ke, uMalume akanako ukuxhasa ngokupheleleyo umntakwabo, kuba ngelo xesha ngokwabo kukho utshintsho olukhulu. UPyotr Ivanovich waqala ukuphatha umfazi ngokuhlukileyo. Uzama ukubonakalisa iimvakalelo zakhe, kodwa ukukhawuleza: akakhathaleli, uhlala, uthobela umyeni wakhe ngokuzithoba, engazange aphendule le mizamo. Ugqirha ufumana ukugula okungalindelekanga kumakhulukazi wakhe, esinye sezizathu apho, ngoluvo lwakhe, kukuba wayengenabantwana. UPeter Ivanovich unquma ukuthengisa isityalo, ukuba ashiye umhlala-phantsi kwaye ahambe nomkakhe ngohambo. Kodwa akayilungele ukwamukela loo mihlatshelo. Akayidingi uthando oluthandwayo okanye inkululeko. U-Lizaveta uAleksandrovna uyaxolisa kwiAlexander owayesakuba nguAlexander. UPeter Ivanovich ukhonkxa umntakwabo - okokuqala ngqa kwabo bonke abathandana nabo.

Esi siqalo somsebenzi "Oqhelekileyo Imbali", ichazwe ngokufutshane kule nqaku. Ngethemba, kuya kunceda ngokufunda leveli.

Uhlalutyo olufutshane

Kulo msebenzi, wonke umntu kuzo zonke izigaba zobomi nophuhliso uya kufumana isifundo esifanele. Kwiimeko ezinjengezentengiselwano, ukuvakalelwa kunye nokuhlaselwa kweAlexandria Aduyev abanangqiqo. Iimpawu zaso zibuxoki, kwaye iingcamango malunga nobomi kunye nokunyaniseka kweentetho azikude. Nangona kunjalo, umalume akakwazi ukubizwa ngokuba ngumntu ohloniphekileyo: umntu ohloniphekileyo, umfuyi, ukwesaba umoya ophilileyo kwaye uhamba kakhulu kumsebenzi wakhe. Ufumanisa akakwazi ukubonisa ukufudumala komfazi wakhe, okukhokelela ekuphazamiseni kwakhe. Kwiimfundiso zeli qhawe kuninzi kakhulu, kunye nomntakwabo, ukuba ngumntu olula, olula, uyazivuma ngokuthe ngqo.

UAlexander Aduyev, elahlekelwe yiminqweno yakhe yangaphambili, akafumani enye, eyinyani. Uphendulela ngokukhawuleza ibe yindawo ebalalayo. I-Goncharov i-sneers kwinto yokuba loo ndlela ayikude. Iinjongo zentsha ziyabhubha - eli lizwi eliqhelekileyo. Bambalwa abantu abanokuxhathisa ingcinezelo emphefumlweni wabo kunye nengqondo yesixeko esikhulu kunye nesidumbu sabantu. Ekupheleni komsebenzi, umalume onobugovu unabantu abangaphezu komfundi womntakwabo. UAlesandre waba ngumntu wezoshishino, okuye kuphela imali nemisebenzi. Kwaye umzi ulindele amaxhoba amatsha-ongenalwazi kwaye ongenalwazi.