Golden Ring of Russia: Kostroma. Isixeko iGolden Ring of Russia

Golden Ring of Russia yi imizi engamashumi Russian zamandulo, apho ibekwe ngundoqo lizwe, kumntla-mpuma eMoscow.

Yeyiphi imizi zibandakanyiwe kwi-Golden Ring?

Isixeko iGolden Ring of eRussia eMoscow Ivanovo, uVladimir kunye nemimandla Yaroslavl, Kostroma kunye yaseTver. Kodwa ke eyona nto ibalulekileyo kubo kucingwa ukuba zokuhlala ezisibhozo. Abanye ibangela ingxoxo ziingcali. Umbhali ibinzana elithi "Golden Ring of Russia" yaba umbhali uYuri Bychkov, owathi ngo-1967 wadala uthotho izincoko phantsi kwesihloko iphephandaba "Soviet Russia".

Le mizi Eneneni ukwenza umsesane, yaye ngamnye kubo kumangaliswa imbali yayo kunye zesikhumbuzo ezizodwa zenkcubeko, apho akukho analogue naphi na ehlabathini.

ilizwe ngalinye ubambe imiqondiso bamandulo, kufuneka eRashiya wethu omkhulu. Nguwo lowo umzi eyayikho kumaxesha amandulo, kwaye andilahlekwanga incasa yawo. Unako ukufunda okuninzi, cinga ifoto, kodwa kungcono ukuya kwi uhambo ukuya kubona Golden Ring eRashiya. Tours kule ndlela ngoku ziyafumaneka kumntu wonke.

Umntu kwi qela ngokucalula nokwahlula imizi Moscow, umntu okholelwa ukuba ezithile iparameters angahambisani le nkcazelo. Asiyi siphikisane ngayo. Umsebenzi wethu - ukwazisa wena (okanye ubuncinane ngokufutshane kakhulu) kunye izixeko zamandulo Russian. Nguwuphi na kwabo le ring gorgeous? Uluhlu iza kukhangeleka ngolu hlobo:

• Suzdal.
• Kostroma.
• Rostov.
• Sergiev Posad.
• Yaroslavl.
• Vladimir.
• Pereslavl.
• Ivanovo.

Olu ezisibhozo-eyaziwayo "igolide" enkulu izixeko Russia. Ngaphandle kwabo kusekho abaliqela ukuba musa kakhulu angena kule nkcazelo. Kodwa umntu ngqondweni obukhulu ezininzi ezimangalisayo kwimbali nenkcubeko Russian.

Golden Ring of Russia. eMoscow

Xolela zethu iingcali, kodwa siye ekubeni kongezwe kolu luhlu lwe bethu lamhlamnenene eyinkunzi.

EMoscow ibekwe phakathi iVolga kunye Oka. Isixeko kuthatha indawo ka 1081 km². It iliziko yezothutho likhulu lizwe. Kwikomkhulu, uphuhliso iintlobo ezininzi zezithuthi zikawonke, kuquka metro.

Inxalenye endala kwengqukuva unalo layout setyhula. Oluphambili kwimbali ye nguwo lomculo le Moscow yesicelo, kunye Red Square. Le yeyona ndawo intle umzi, ingakumbi ukususela kwiSango Resurrection.

ikomkhulu lethu wahlala eninzi ezikhumbuzo nanto kwimbali nenkcubeko, leyo akhuselwe ngurhulumente. Ngoko ke, ikomkhulu ofanele ukumela eRashiya Golden Ring. EMoscow utshintshile, iye yaba ingumasipala yaseYurophu, kodwa kukho kukho iindawo ezenza kube nanto, apho alondolozwe endimthandayo ngenyameko yonke zesikhumbuzo Russian yembali yethu.

Kostroma

Siza kuqhubeka ukuphonononga umzi, eyenza le Golden Ring eRashiya.

Kostroma - isixeko esihle Russian. Yury Dolgoruky abamisela. Okokuqala Kostroma, yaseTver okhankanywe yemihla 1213. Phakathi kwenkulungwane XIII, lo mzi waba embindini i ubulawuli esizimeleyo, kwaye ekupheleni kwenkulungwane XIV. Waba yinxalenye Duchy of eMoscow. Ngenkulungwane XV, Kostroma yathotyelwa behlasela ezininzi nangezinto.

Xa XVI-XVII kwiinkulungwane obuciko olukhula ngokukhawuleza: blacksmithing, isikhumba, isilivere, iintlobo ezahlukeneyo yezandla textile, ukupeyinta, kunye bokwakha. Ngowe-1751-m in Kostroma manufactory yelinen wabonakala kuqala.

lwalunjani emzini

Kostroma inenani kakhulu kwiindawo ekhumbulekayo. Kuba ukufunda kwabo kuya kuthatha ixesha elide. Olukhuselwe ngurhulumente, uninzi ozibonayo umzi. Kostroma uvezwa kunye nezinto ezinjalo, izinto ezo phantsi kokhuselo UNESCO. Namhlanje ukunixelela ezimbalwa kubo.

Church yoVuko e Grove

Igama elithi "Debra" igcwele luluqilima ndawo zimnyama iinkuni. Njengoko ilivo emidala, xa kwakukho nje ehlathini enjalo. Ke abathetheli ebekuthanda ukumzingela.

A indima enkulu ekwakheni eli bandla wenza nomi KIRILL Isakov. Yeyona lokusinda kuphela etempileni pasad, leyo neqhayiya komzi Kostroma. emacaleni aso bathathu ezihonjiswe lineevaranda kunye uphahla kunye neentente. Ngaphakathi etempileni ugcinwe imizobo VI Zapokrovskogo - Kostroma ngomzobi odumileyo.

Monument Ivan Susanin

Ngaphandle kulo mzi ezukileyo Russian akunakwenzeka ukuthelekelela Golden Ring eRashiya. Kostroma ogcina memory of njengamaqhawe abo wesizwe.

Ivan Susanin kwidolophu ezukisiwe ngo 1613 baqalisa lamabutho zezibonda ehlathini kumgxobhozo uyimfama, ngaloo ndlela wasindisa ubomi Tsar Michael, yokuqala Romanov ubukhosi. feat yakhe immortalized e ezikhumbuzo amatye, apho namhlanje imi phezu Ilungiselelo usembindini mzi.

Ipatiev isigodlo

Iicawa kunye icawa baziwa ngokuba ezininzi isixeko zifakiwe kwi-Golden Ring eRashiya. Kostroma kungekho ngaphandle. Ipatiev isigodlo yakhiwa ngo-1330, oko wakha Tatar inkosana Chet. Apha wangcwatyelwa Ivan Susanin.

Ukuya namhlanje kwi kummandla woonongendi aye alondolozwa izakhiwo zembali: iNdlu Romanovs, intsimbi ende yeyokukhulisa, leyo eyakhelwe imali Godunov, Trinity Cathedral. Phakathi iindonga woonongendi namhlanje ibekwe Kostroma Museum.

Anastasiin isigodlo

Namhlanje, hayi kuphela abakhaya bethu, kodwa iindwendwe ezininzi zangaphandle ukufunda Golden Ring eRashiya. Kostroma yamkela njalo ngokufudumeleyo wonke ubani ofuna aqhelane ngembali yawo. Phakathi ezinomtsalane eziphambili Kostroma ngokuqhelekileyo ukubonisa Anastasiin monastery.

Lwakuba nje bobathathu Okukhulu ezahlukeneyo: Cross oyiNgcwele, Epiphany inkunzi nemazi Anastasiinsky. Male (Epiphany) weemonki yasekwa liSebe Nikita mdala, owayengumfundi of St. uSergiyo. Ngowe-1847, emva kokuba umlilo enkulu, uyekwa mazigqithiselwe Holy Cross (obhinqileyo) monastery.

Anastasiin isigodlo yasekwa ngayo kwinkulungwane XV. Umsunguli saso wokuqala umfazi Ivan Groznogo anastasiya Romanovna. Ngowe-1764, woonongendi kwakhona iyavalwa kwaye nongendi bafudukela Cross oyiNgcwele. Namhlanje isixeko Kostroma elibuyisiweyo nokwenza Anastasiin monastery.

Suzdal

Sinikela kuwe Suzdal. Golden Ring of Russia Kunzima ukucinga ngaphandle kwesi sixeko yokuqala. I yesicelo esivela kwinkulungwane yeshumi. Le ibekwe kwi Kamenka River. It lunomahluko kwezinye izixeko zamandulo alondolozwe izisele lodaka kwenqaba. I yesicelo i Chambers Archbishop kaThixo, Cathedral of Yokuzalwa of the Virgin, St Nicholas Church.

Cathedral ye nesigcawu of the Virgin limi phezu kwisiza wetempile, awayakhayo ngexesha Vladimir Monomakh leyo. inxalenye yayo ephantsi, nto leyo zigcinwe ukususela ngenkulungwane XIII, ukuba ihonjiswe kunye nangokukrola entle. Lwefacade ahonjiswe ezahlukeneyo imifanekiso. Abaninzi kukhokelela isigodlo wayo odumileyo Suzdal. Golden Ring of Russia, ezinye abakhenkethi niqalise ukufunda kuloo mzi samandulo.

Kwinkulungwane XIV e Suzdal ndiyakhele yokhuseleko kwiintshaba nqaba, apho kamva yaguqulwa yaba eMonastri Spaso-Efimov. Malunga nelo xesha, ukwakhiwa kunye Pokrovsky Monastery, apho Kwiinkulungwane ezimbini kamva wayeza kuba yindawo ekuthinjweni ngenxa izinduna ngehlazo 'abafazi kunye neekumkanikazi. Ngaloo mihla, ibe inkulu eRashiya.

Oyiphumeleleyo zenkolo German, yayingeyiyo Alexander Nevsky Monastery waseka i-Alexander River Kamenka. Ngaphambili apha kwakhiwa monastery Rizopolozhensky. sites Legendary nelembali e Suzdal indawo. Umzekelo, Basil Suzdal eMonastri ukuguqulela ubuKristu.

Vladimir

Kulo mzi ngokupheleleyo kufuneka uye wonk 'ubani ufunda Golden Ring eRashiya. Vladimir yayilikomkhulu North-West eRashiya, apho undoqo ikamva Russia.

Kwisixeko isixa esikhulu ezikhumbuzo ezibaluleke kakhulu. Umzekelo, Isango Golden baphantsi ukhuselo UNESCO. Zazakhiwe ngenkulungwane XII, xa XVII-XVIII eminyaka. ukuba yakhiwe. Apho ke kuloo nqaba bekukho esixhenxe amasango emnyango, kodwa ke wasinda enye kuphela - esikhulu. Ekuqaleni, zagutyungelwa sheets zobhedu ihonjiswe. namandla kakhulu, kunye ngokugqibeleleyo elungelelaniswe ibonwe ngaphambili, kunye nebandla elincinane phezulu. Baba ekungeneni engundoqo isikhulu Vladimir.

Akulambathi isixeko iqukiwe Golden Ring eRashiya. Vladimir uyayithanda wonke kanye nendlu yakhe yamhlophe-ilitye. Ingqikelelo Cathedral angqukuva ezintlanu-igcinwe esekelwe yi Andrei Rublev noDaniyeli Black, abhaliweyo 1408. Ekupheleni kwale XII kwinkulungwane yayakhiwe linguDemetriyo angqukuva yecawa, indawo eyaziwa ngokuba ngokugqibeleleyo mizobo kwi lwefacade. Ezi izinto nabo ikhuselwe yi-UNESCO.

Ekupheleni kwenkulungwane XVIII esixekweni kwakukho Church of Ingqikelelo Virgin, eSt Nikita, Nicholas kunye nabanye. Vladimir wahlala endlwini lerhuluneli kwinkulungwane XVII. Ngoku nantsi i-Centre for Arts Fine.

Pereslavl

Kumaxesha amandulo, umlambo e Trubezh Pereslavl. Xa abahloli Russian baqala ukuphuhlisa intsimi kummandla iVolga River, kukho esinye isixeko enegama elifanayo. Kodwa ngenxa yokuba yakhiwa kwi ivaleke, sene amahlathi ashinyeneyo apho bahlala vyatichi koko wafumana yaye inxalenye yesibini igama - Zaleski. Umsunguli isixeko kuqwalaselwa yi kaYuri Dolgoruky.

Ngowe-1152, esi sixeko waqala ukuyakha Cathedral le kumila kumbi (ngamatye). Ugqibezela zokwakha Andrew Bogolyubskii -, unyana ka-Grand Duke. kumathambeka imithi yesicelo wasinda. Kwaye ngaphezu kwamakhulu asibhozo emva kwabo itempile njengekhephu-ezimhlophe, omnye ezikhumbuzo zindala Russia yamandulo. Uyayithanda zonke iindwendwe isixeko ukwakha silhouette yayo bobukhulu igqibeleleyo.

Oku amakholwa indlela Cathedral lwelizwe lethu kuba apho Sergiy Radonezhsky wamiselwa ukuba abbots. Le tempile yasinda-hard amaxesha Tatar kunye Lithuanian ngesinyanzeliso ngeembandezelo zonke iingxaki.

Rostov Veliky

Wonke umntu uyakwazi ukubona ngokwabo Golden Ring eRashiya. Tours kolu hambo umdla thengisa phantse kuzo zonke ii-arhente ezinika kwi Russian Federation. E lethu linye, inyanisekileyo go obungaka uhambo ukusuka eMoscow. Namhlanje abahambi isaphulelo 53 babehamba isixeko ibhasi ring Golden. Eli lithuba elikhulu ku tirhisa veki kwiindawo yamandulo. Ungaya ezikuzo-ngosuku multi.

Kulungile, sizakuya ukuba Rostov, apho ifumaneka e-Yaroslavl kummandla. In "Tale of adlulileyo Iminyaka", enye yemihla zindala Russian, esi sixeko ingxelo enxulumene kunyaka 862. Ithi isixeko lalibukele Rurik.

Iincutshe Dibanisa wamandulo iidolophu engundoqo inxalenye yelizwe kwi Golden Ring of Russia. Rostov, ngokoluvo lwabo, i "igugu" kuwo. nezithandane ezininzi lidala eyaziwa ezikhumbuzo bobugcisa kwesi sixeko emangalisayo. Owokuqala ngulo, Kakade ke, yayingeyiyo Rostov yesicelo zakhe Chambers Archbishop kaThixo, a belfry, nto idume uphahla zawo ezilishumi zemilinganiselo ezahlukeneyo. Ukuze ngaphezu kwamakhulu amathathu, abantu beva isandi ezintsimbi.

Rostov yesicelo

Le isembindini kweso sixeko. I yesicelo yakhiwa ngo-1683 phantsi Metropolitan uYona Sysoevich waza waba indawo yakhe. Ngeli xesha izakhiwo ezinjalo sele zigqityiwe. Xa yokuhlala yadluliselwa Yaroslavl, incwadi yesicelo isabalulekile kunye wabola. Kwinkulungwane XIX abathengisi bendawo imali kunye neetempile zibuyiselwe.

Kuba bonke abanomdla Golden Ring of Russia, kunye ezinika yayo engaqhelekanga kubaluleke ngokukhethekileyo.

E Rostov yesicelo zesikhumbuzo ezininzi zokwakha, kodwa nelona galelo likhulu zezi ke Cathedral le vekeleke xona. Yena efana kakhulu eponymous eMoscow Cathedral of ngombono. Olu hlobo isakhiwo-angqukuva ezintlanu. ukuphakama kwayo (nge cross) - 60 m Yenziwe ngezitena, kunye ikepusi -. yenziwe ilitye elimhlophe. Esi sakhiwo luphawulwa izinto ezininzi zokuhombisa: ummandla arkaturno-columnar, iintonga tyaba, .. ezifulelwe ngamaplanga, njl Konke oku kunika imbonakalo itempile engaqhelekanga expressivity, uzinzo kunye nobuhle namhlanje.

Ivanovo

Phambi kokuba revolution ka-1917 mzi kwathiwa Ivanovo-Voznesensky. Kukho lisasebenza mveliso nokuluka, leyo ezazakhiwe kwinkulungwane yeshumi elinesithoba. Ivanovo-Voznesensk nabaluki Zidume imo yazo yotshintsho olululo. Ngoko ke, kukho ezikhumbuzo ezininzi zanikezelwa kule xesha.

Ngokwaneleyo imela Ivanovo Golden Ring of Russia. Le dolophu iye Izakhiwo ezininzi ezindala kwakhiwa. Xa iziko yayo yomlando kukho izindlu umthengisi kwinkulungwane XIX. Umdla omkhulu kwabatyeleli ebangela Schudrovskaya intente elakhiwa ngenkulungwane XVII, kwakunye Vvedensky eMonastri, leyo imihla ukususela ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane XX.