Fish ezitya utyani: igama, ingakumbi ukulinywa nonikezelo. fish farm

Nokulinywa namachibi herbivorous okanye umxholo - umthombo ongundoqo iintlanzi ngenxa ezishelifini lokuthengisa lizwe. technologies ukufuya yaye watshintsha ngenxa yeenguqu zembali, ezopolitiko kunye nezoqoqosho imeko eRashiya.

umjikelezo ukulima kwamachibi of zeCARP kunye nezinye iintlanzi herbivorous ngokwemveli kuthatha iminyaka emibini ukuya kwemithathu. Power fish herbivorous kwi amachibi ngeendleko kufuywe polyculture ichibi isichumiso. Ukuphelisa feed ngumntu kunye izichumisi yezimbiwa uvelisa ukwanda yonyaka kuzo zonke iintlobo kwamachibi (ukufuya ngokuzityebisa).

Iintlobo zeentlanzi herbivorous

Yintoni fish herbivorous? Uluhlu lweentlanzi herbivorous Russia ibandakanya:

• zeCARP White kunye bighead.
• Karp.
• Grass zeCARP.

Le ntlanzi, wabulela ku iimpawu zayo zendalo, kulula ukuba akhule kumazwe amaninzi, lo gama kugcinwe indices incasa.

zeCARP ingca

Le ntlanzi yorhwebo ikolu hlobo zeCARP kwaye uphawu kukukhula ngokukhawuleza. Kukho amatyala ukutyeba ingca zeCARP ukuya kwi-50 kg. zeCARP Ukondliwa efanelana naziphi na machibi uhlaza, enkangala kunye nokutya mxube. Ekudleni zeCARP ingca kuxhomekeke ngobudala bakhe.

Age of fish	menu
iintsuku 1-14 yokuphila	zooplankton
iintsuku 15-30 yokuphila	ulwelwe amancinci
Emva kwenyanga okanye ngaphezulu	Duckweed kunye nezinye izityalo ichibi

intsebenziso yabo ukutya ingca zeCARP ngabantu angaphezulu ubunzima bayo.

Amur wabiza ichibi filter yendalo. Iyadliwa lona lisiza bayangena amathumbu yeentlanzi kwaye kwakhona emanzini, ukudala indawo entofontofo ophilayo ukuzala ezinye iintlanzi. Inani intlanzi, ukubangwa komhlaba kuxhomekeke indlela ichibi sene ulwelwe kwaye ukusuka iyunithi enye ezilikhulu ukuya kwamakhulu amahlanu zeCARP ingca ngehektare nganye.

Ukuze kwandiswe imveliso kucetyiswa ukuba kungafundiswa intlanzi kungena ezityiwa zengca ezongezelelweyo ezidla ingaphelelwayo. ilusini ofanelekileyo okanye sainfoin. Xa izityalo ephantsi echibini, zeCARP ixesha bangondliwa ukudla. Kodwa akufuneki ukuba gadalala. Oku kunokukhokelela labantu ezimbi kakhulu.

Ukuzimisela zizalana kwi cupids ezimhlophe kuxhomekeke kummandla ahlala kuyo. Ngoko ke, kwimimandla esemazantsi zeCARP lizwe kokuqola ngesondo kwiminyaka emihlanu, kwaye emantla - eneminyaka esibhozo.

Ngenxa ukutyala kwakhona zeCARP ingca kwamanani amaqhosha ukuya ku-600 ngehektare 1 nganye, unako icocwe amachibi kabi yene. Kuba ephakathi kwaye kakhulu amachibi cupids ayegqunyelelwe mali kufuneka izazekile abantu eziliwaka ngehektare nganye. Yokuqala inceda zeCARP ingca entsha ngexesha elinye likhula ukucima amanzi ongancedi igcwala neengcongolo nokulungiselela nabo enyamekela ukulinywa fingerlings zeCARP.

Kodwa zeCARP wazibonakalisa njengoko Meliorator ummandla emanzini, kuyimfuneko ukuba ukudala iimeko ezizodwa. Ngoko ke, kufuneka ungabi ngaphantsi kwesiqingatha semitha ubunzulu ichibi. Le meko ke kuyimfuneko ukuba intlanzi ubusika ngempumelelo. Kunye nokubonelela ukufudumeza amanzi kwiinyanga zasehlotyeni ukuya ku-18 ° C.

Ithekhinoloji olukhulayo izinto nokutyalwa iintlanzi herbivorous kwi kwamachibi isekelwe polyculture ezintsonkothileyo. Phila kakuhle zeCARP ingca ezimhlophe abameli zehlabathi lokuloba, ngathi zeCARP (amhlophe kwaye inemibalabala), zeCARP, Pike kunye Zander. Kutheni inani lweentlanzi herbivorous ukuba kakhulu lincitshiswe? Ubukho Pike kwi ichibi, ukwenza ukutya zeCARP yakhe. Ngoko ke, ngokuba ngempumelelo nokucocwa ichibi ukusuka lisiza podsazhivayut ezimnyaka zeCARP, ngaphezu kwamakhulu amabini ubunzima gram.

Le iteknoloji iye isetyenziswe ngempumelelo ixesha elide Saratov hatchery fish ezitya utyani. Emva spiking seminyaka emibini kunye neminyaka emithathu zeCARP ingca, inkampani likwazile ukuphelisa ulwelwe neengcongolo kwindawo ngaphezu kokuba iihektare ezingamawaka, mvisiswano leyo, kwelinye icala, kwakhokelela ekuphuculweni yokusebenza kunye nokusebenza kwemali.

zeCARP

ZeCARP - igama yokuqala ethi qatha engqondweni xa ephendula umbuzo, nguwuphi na teleost yi herbivorous. Enyanisweni, lo zeCARP - a zeCARP zizilwanyana zasekhaya. Eyona uphawu nkqubo wokugaya kukungabikho esiswini. Ngoko ke zeCARP lugxile ubomi bakhe bonke ifuna ukutya. Ngethamsanqa, yena ukutya nabalulamileyo - alinganayo ubumnandi zeCARP odla ezimdaka kunye nezinye izityalo zasemanzini, isinambuzane Imibungu, midges kunye kwizidalwa ezincinane.

ZeCARP - iintlanzi-ixhoba, uyakwazi ukuphila malunga nesiqingatha senkulungwane. Kakade ke, ukuze bazibandakanye ixesha elide kangaka ixesha kulinywa zeCARP akwenzi ngqiqo.

ZeCARP - uhlobo uthandwayo kweefama yeentlanzi. Lwemfuyo zeCARP ukuya kwi-70% iintlanzi herbivorous.

Popularization lokuba zikhe ezi ntlanzi hhayi kuphela kwiyantlukwano oko kondliwa zeCARP, kodwa komama yayo ukukhathalelwa kunye nokugcinwa. Eli nyathelo intlanzi ithwala ubunzima kunye iinkathazo - lobushushu ukubanda yokunqongophala kwe-oksijini.

Kukho sub-iintlobo ezintathu ezingundoqo zeCARP:

1. Mirror.
2. Obuboniswe.
3. Hpwap.

Ezi iintlobo zeHPV zingonobangela branched zibe iintlobo ezininzi. Kukho iintlobo zeCARP zokuhomba (umz, Koi zeCARP), ezo siyakhuthazeka iinjongo zobugcisa.

yokuhlala

Ngokomthetho yakhulela zeCARP kwi kwamachibi zabucala okanye irhafu. ZeCARP Qhotsa na nabalulamileyo njengabantu abadala. Xa ichibi ngamanzi amileyo okanye ube lisehla khetshi - isakhelo, obabuqala Mesh. Yaye iintlanzi eziphila izale kuzo.

Ubunzulu isiziba kangangoko ukuba nesiqulatho zeCARP - enesiqingatha ukuya kwiimitha ezimbini. nzulu samanzi lukhuthaza ukufudumala elungileyo. Kuyanconywa ukuba ukufaka ioksijini wenkunkuma ukuba ioksijini Ukwanda dami kunye ilayithi ixesha ebusuku. lights Night uya kutsala izinambuzane, ukuba badle zeCARP.

Imenu elungelelanisiweyo olufanelekileyo nokhathalelo zeCARP Qhotsa, zalishumi 30 grams ixesha lokufumana ubunzima kathathu. Kwaye Oktobha, oko: Umlinganiseli ukuya kwekilogram.

zeCARP emhlophe

It ifanele khulu zeCARP ephilileyo yesilivere kwimimandla esemazantsi. Ebusuku intlanzi utya ukutya elingana isiqingatha ubunzima bayo. Ngenxa kule ubuyisa ngokwemvelo, zeCARP anokuyisebenzisa eekhilogram mabini.

Kuyinto iyahambisana kakhulu kunye nezinye iintlanzi herbivorous, njengoko ukutya wakhe zikhuphisane menu zabo.

zeCARP ukudla ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:

Age of fish	pheko
Ukususela ekuzalweni ukuya kwezisi-9	Nauplii, kwizidalwa ezincinane
Ukususela kwiintsuku 9 ukuya inyanga	zondla
le omdala	Rotifers, yenamvuna encinane, detritus

Melioratorskie ikhono zeCARP kubalulekile namachibi eutroph. Lokufikisa zeCARP White kuxhomekeke kwiimeko zemozulu: kwimimandla esemazantsi, bakulungele ukuzalela xa eneminyaka engama-5, kunye northern 8.

Silver zeCARP motley

Yahlukile emzimbeni wakhe amhlophe abangoogxa elifutshane kunye nentloko enkulu kunye ephuhliswe kakuhle izixhobo iigilizi lokucoca ulwelo.

Kanye White, bighead zeCARP ngosuku odla up isiqingatha ubunzima bayo. Iiveki ezimbini zokuqala ezi Qhotsa adle kwizidalwa ezincinane, ekugqibeleni ujikeleze usinge lona lisiza enkulu. bighead zeCARP abadala bakhetha ziiphytoplankton blue-eluhlaza.

Olu hlobo zeCARP ikhula ngokukhawuleza kunaye nabani na, iintlanzi abadala ongakanani ukuya ngeekhilogram ezingama-40. Noko ke, noluntu olwandayo of bighead zeCARP ukukhuphisana. ukuvuthwa ngokwesondo ezi ntlanzi akuxhomekekanga kwindalo kwi-avareji eneminyaka emihlanu.

fish polyculture

Okwangoku, uninzi iifama kwiintlanzi watshintshela iteknoloji ukulinywa olunzulu, leyo kuthiwa abalobi nenkcubeko-based. Eyona uphawu le ntlanzi kukusebenzisa liyanda inani polycultures yeentlanzi. Ukubalwa lexinene material iintlobo ezahlukeneyo lweentlanzi herbivorous lokutyala kule meko ixhomekeke:

• imveliso Natural yeentlanzi.
• Etyuwa apha edamini.
• Ukudla ukutya.
• Ubudala iintlanzi.
• Ubungakanani lentlanzi.

iimeko ezifanele yokuzalela iintlobo zemveliso herbivorous zeentlanzi zorhwebo, kwakunye kweentlanzi ezincinane baselwandle ke ubushushu ngokukhawuleza ichibi. Oku kukuvumela ukwandisa ubushushu bamanzi ichibi kumaxabiso kangangoko - ngaphezu kwe-20 ° Celsius - kuba ngokuzityebisa iintlanzi. Ngenxa lobushushu yendalo umbuso iinyanga ezintathu ehlotyeni - elona xesha lifanelekileyo lwemfuyo intlanzi.

Beka for Qhotsa ezikhulayo

Imibungu of Qhotsa zeCARP kunye nezinye neentlanzi herbivorous zonke "ebuntwaneni" zabo oluqhutywa emanzini ojikelezayo (RAS) kweentlanzi - koomatshini hatching, igalelo ekukhuleni impahla esencinane (VNIIPRKh). Ukuxinana inani isencinci e RAS ukuba intlanzi kisekiyo ngqo ubunzima, kwaye umlinganiselo malunga amabini anamanci amawaka mahlanu mibungu nge-cubic meter. Emva koko uqhotse raisings yeqondo kwizikhongozelo ngokukodwa axhotyiswe - nezitya okanye neengcedevu.

Iimpawu ukondla zeCARP kunye nentlanzi herbivorous

Yintoni ukondla iintlanzi? Lo umbuzo ophambili nomnikazi ngubani na onomdla ekukhuleni impahla esencinane. Yiyo loo nto kubalulekile ukuba ukuchitha ixesha ekufundweni iimpawu ezikhethekileyo kweentlobo ezahlukeneyo lweehagu yentlanzi herbivorous, ubudlelwane babo ukutya, kwaye nexesha sokutshintshela Qhotsa ukuba ukutya ezizodwa.

Ukuqala ezidla amandla fingerlings kweentlanzi herbivorous i feed RK0SZM okanye nogxa walo - "Ekvizo". Ukubunjwa feed yezilwanyana iquka:

• iimveliso Mikrobiosinteza ukuba protein yoxinaniso eliphezulu.
• isidlo Fish amafutha.
• oli yemifuno.
• Umxube iimalthivithamini.
• Umgubo wengqolowa.
• sodium caseinate.

Emva kokuba wt abatsha ifikelela 100mg, ukuba zigqithiselwe lokondla STRAS ezidla - 1. Ipesenti Ukwakhiwa STRAS -1:

• Iiproteni - 55%.
• Amafutha - 7%.
• Carbohydrate - 16%.
• Amanzi -10%.

Kuba digestibility elingcono malunga ne-50% iikhompawundi iprotheyini kwalo destructured feed compound. Ukusebenzisa ifidi zokuqalisa ukuba Qhotsa kweentlanzi herbivorous kuvunyelwa emva kokuba utshintsho ukuba yokondla yangaphandle. Ukuphinda-phinda lusidla lihlathi - ukusuka kwimizuzu engama-20 ukuya kwiyure. Ubukhulu ukukhonza ngokulinganayo kusiwa kwindawo cluster ye Qhotsa. Yalusani ezidla kucetyiswa kuphela ngexesha lasemini.

Feedstuff RC-SMZ "Ekvizo" kunye STRAS-1 eyenzelwe ukondla Qhotsa xa kungekho ukutya yendalo. Ukuqhelana fingerling zokuhlala zendalo, kuyimfuneko ukuba ukongeza iifom izilwanyana ezincinane ezinala iintlanzi. Ukubakho nkqu izixa ezincinane izilwanyana ezihlala ezityiwa Qhotsa oselula kuqinisekisa ukukhula ngokukhawuleza kunye nokuphuculwa imiqondiso ako.

Ukutya zeCARP ezidla, ukuya amahlanu grams ukutya iquka okhethekileyo AK-1KE. Oku kuquka:

• Inyama kunye isidlo ithambo.
• Nagwele.
• Iimbotyi zesoya.
• oli yemifuno.
• Umxube iimalthivithamini.
• Dicalcium phosphate.

Ukuphumeza ezinobunzima Qhotsa zeCARP ngo amahlanu grams okanye ngaphezulu, oko ikhutshelwa AK feed - 2KE. Kwaye xa ubunzima iseti ezimakhulu mabini grams - feed WGM - 2KE. Ukubunjwa isondlo Qhotsa zeCARP zibandakanya umxube ongumqwebedu ube ziindawo eziphuma imvelaphi yendalo.

Izinga mihla le zeCARP Qhotsa, zalishumi ukuya amabini grams ngokulinganayo isasazwe yaye yakhupha ngeyure nganye ngethuba leeyure zasemini bemini. Xa ucofa zeCARP Qhotsa ubunzima amabini grams okanye ngaphezulu, inani feedings ngosuku liye lancitshiswa amaxesha alithoba okanye elishumi.

Young zeCARP Ubunzima (g)	ukufudumeza amanzi degree (° C)	єS
Ukuya ku 3	25	30
3 ukuya ku 5	15	20
5 ukuya 10	11	17
10 ukuya 20	8	14

Ebusika, xa ubushushu amanzi igcinwe 6 ° C nangaphezulu, qhubeka ukondla iintlanzi, esasaza yemini amathamo ezintathu. lokondla Winter wenziwa kuphela emini kwaye imali eyaneleyo ukugcina iinkqubo metabolic. ukuze:

• Ukuba lobushushu yamanzi yi 6-8 ° C - umlinganiselo ukutya ngosuku yi 0.5% ye ubunzima iintlanzi.
• Ukuba 9-10 ° C - rate ye-1%.
• Ukuba 10-12 ° C - Isantya ukuya kwi-2%.

Kungcono ukondla herbivorous izityalo feed iintlanzi iindlela ebusika kunye protein kuyehla.

Ukutyala fingerlings zeCARP, enobunzima ngaphantsi kwe amabini grams, salwenza kunye lexinene:

• Kuba Amadama iiyunithi 650 nge-cubic meter.
• Le iikhetshi - up kwiiyunithi 500 nge-cubic meter.

Kuba uhlobo enkulu intlanzi uselula nguye imali ingadluli abantu 250 nge-cubic meter.

Isicwangciso soshishino farm Fish

fish lokuvelisa - licebo ishishini asinto intsha, kodwa ukubaluleka kwayo lukhula kuphela namhlanje. Version okubhalwe umdla babo okanye echibini - ishishini eliphumelelayo. Kodwa isanda kufuna utyalo eqinileyo kunye nombutho ofanelekileyo zenkqubo.

Ukuze uqalise kukuba ukufumana umhlaba ofanelekileyo ukuba ufakelo ngamaqula kunye khetshi. Xilaveko yemveliso kweentlanzi nempumelelo bubukho lokucoca ezizodwa kunye nezixhobo ezifunekayo uhlobo ethile yeentlanzi.

Ukuthengwa amathole uya kufuna iindleko ezibalulekileyo zemali. Nceda qaphela ukuba amaxabiso kombungu ingaphezulu abantu raisings. Bala ilahleko eziyimfuneko kunye zendalo Qhotsa kule nkqubo yokukhula. Kwi-avareji, isixa kukuba ukuya kwi-10%. Khulisa umntu omdala ngokupheleleyo Qhotsa ziya kuba kungenzeka kuphela emibini - kwiminyaka emibini enesiqingatha.

Nayiphi na iprojekthi ishishini iqala isicwangciso soshishino. Ukuhlolwa market intlanzi i kwenza kube lula ukuba bafikelele kwisigqibo malunga zeCARP, njengoko imveliso ithandwayo kwi counter iintlanzi.

Uqikelelo Uthelekelelo ukuba umbutho sefama intlanzi zokulinywa zeCARP:

• Ukuthengwa Qhotsa zeCARP ngenxa ukutyala kwakhona xa kukho iikhetshi - malunga namawaka alishumi engange;
• abasebenzi basezifama Salary - amathathu amawaka engange;
• Party animal isondlo zeCARP kombungu kunye novithamini nomxube - ezisixhenxe ukuya kwezisibhozo amawaka engange;
• Ezinye iindleko (intlawulo amanzi, umbane, irhasi ukufudumeza pool) - amabini ukuya kumashumi amabini anesihlanu amawaka engange.

imali iyonke eliqikelelwayo kufuneka ubaleke ifama intlanzi - malunga asixhenxe amawaka ngohlobo lwemali kazwelonke. Ngoko ke, ifama intlanzi bobabo ishishini kunye notyalo kudidi ukuba eziliwaka elinamakhulu. Kuba kwimimandla esemantla Russia, eli xabiso banda izihlandlo eziliqela, kwaye nama-ezingamakhulu amahlanu amawaka.

Ngokubhekiselele ingeniso, phambi iirhafu kunye nemirhumo oko isusela ukusuka ikhulu elinamanci mathathu - ikhulu elinamanci mahlanu engange. Nangona kunjalo, lo ingeniso kulindeleke akukho msinyane kunokuba emibini ukuya kwiminyaka emibini enesiqingatha. Ngeli xesha, Qhotsa zeCARP similise umntu omdala, kunye ubunzima bayo yenye ukuya buziikhilogram ezimbini.

ZeCARP, njengoko kungekho nezinye iintlobo ezifanelekileyo lombutho ishishini ezikhulayo intlanzi. Oku kungenxa nabalulamileyo yayo ukutya kunye nolondolozo. A lukhawuleza lukhule zeCARP Qhotsa uya ngokukhawuleza ukubuyisa iindleko nokufumana umvuzo. Noko ke, ukuba ngoyaba iimeko umgangatho i intlanzi kunye nokutya kwezilwanyana ayikho imfuneko. sengqondo Consumer kunokukhokelela ezingaqhelekanga iintlanzi entsha, ukufa kwakhe, kwakunye ukungangqinelani kwenyama lwemigangatho yempilo zeCARP abadala.

Nobubi yeshishini fish

Xa sihlalutya amava ngempumelelo ulawulo lwamashishini okuloba, sinako ukwahlula ezi pluses baxhasa kumacandelo ezolimo:

• Uqalo-up capital amancinane lula ukudaleka kwifama yeentlanzi.
• Unpretentiousness lweentlanzi herbivorous ekugcinweni kunye nokhathalelo yomnini kunciphisa iindleko zabasebenzi kubasebenzi.
• Ukukhula ngokukhawuleza iintlanzi yentsapho zeCARP (sele unyaka omnye zeCARP kwindawo ephela yokurhweba abadala) ivumela ukuba kubuyiswe iindleko kwaye wenze ingeniso ngokukhawuleza.
• zeCARP Unpretentiousness kule ekutyeni. Ukongeza, zisitya ngokwabo, ezi ntlanzi zinika inzuzo ubunzima elungileyo kwaye andise ukusetyenziswa kwaso nasiphi feed yezilwanyana (njenge okhethekileyo, intlanzi, iintaka okanye iinkomo).
• Ukuba nokwenzeka yokutyisa zeCARP mveliso zendalo - okuziinkozo okanye iitapile (kuphela comprehensibility ngcono kufuneka pre-kwethumba).

Kakade ke, uneoli nganye siphaphazela amafutha apho. Ukwenza Business kwi kulinywa iintlanzi herbivorous iye "imigibe" yayo:

• Zonyaka kwentengiso iimveliso. Ngokomthetho uqhotse ngokuya ubunzima yokurhweba kuwa, yaye ukuhamba ngobuninzi intlanzi zokubala yorhwebo, ngokulandelelana, kukhokelela ekuncipheni amaxabiso.
• Ehlotyeni, ezothutho kunye nokugcinwa intlanzi ukwenza imali eninzi kakhulu yaye ezintsonkothileyo.
• ukukhula Fish kwakhona ixhomekeke ngqo kwi ixesha lonyaka, ngexesha efudumeleyo, lo zeCARP wondla ngokusebenzayo yaye ngokukhawuleza ikhula ezibandayo, la manani ziyancipha;
• Ayizizo zonke eKFC na imali yokuthenga izixhobo ezenzelwe ulondolozo iintlanzi bathengisa.
• A into eyahlukileyo akhawunti Inkcitho yokulondolozwa imigangatho yococeko, indlela unyango intlanzi kunye nokukhuselwa kwabo (sinabantu abaninzi onqwenela ukuya kwi "lokuloba free).

Ukuze ufumane inzuzo ezongezelelweyo kwifama intlanzi, kufuneka uthathe ingqalelo ngokuncedisana endalo polyculture nase. Kukho abantu oononkala ukuvelisa ukhetho kwindawo enye nge zeCARP. Yizani ezinye iintlobo zentlanzi herbivorous. Lake oononkala ucoca kuphela emazantsi ichibi (amachibi, khetshi), kodwa ke bekhuphisana iimveliso. Ukongeza, imihlaza akuyomfuneko ukuba ukudla. Bona batya iintsalela ukutya intlanzi kunye kwalusa ezinyosini. Ngexesha oononkala kuhluma ndibuthathaka, abanye babo kufa, zibe kukudla iintlanzi.

Mhlawumbi lwemfuyo ezidla zeCARP ayithengiswa. Kuba umxholo Qhotsa ezinjalo kufuneka kwindawo eyahlukileyo. Noko ke, le ingeniso akakwazi kwaoko: zeCARP oyindoda akhule ngokwaneleyo ngokwesondo kunyaka wesithathu wobomi, kwaye kuphela woodcocks lwesihlanu ababhinqileyo.

La mava Israeli

Xa phakathi kwesanti ze yelasezantsi entlango kwaSirayeli kwakukho ifama iintlanzi. Umgama ukuya ichibi elikufutshane malunga neekhilomitha ezimakhulu mathathu, kwaye Uxinaniso kweentlanzi kulinywa we-cubic metre yamanzi malunga nekhulu eekhilogram.

Ukudala umzimba lwamanzi asefama efunekayo malunga nekhilomitha nzulu kakuhle apho amanzi anikezwa, ukwakheka ogama imichiza ingqinelana elwandle okanye olwandle. Oku ukuba abanini ukuqala ngempumelelo lokuyivelisa intlanzi ezincinane zaselwandle.

Kakade ke, inkxaso yobomi iifama entlango iintlanzi ezandleni abasebenzi kwilebhu okhethekileyo. Bona iliso nokwakhiwa amanzi, iifeni, ukucoca, namanzi Yek igcwaliswe mpilo. Ukongeza, ubomi intlanzi kwakhona ixhomekeke umbane ungaphazanyiswa.

Ukudalwa zasefama azifana iintlanzi a - ayikho nje impumelelo kuphuhliso kummandla entlango. lweshishini fish okunjalo kudala amathuba emisebenzi kunye indlela ukubamba iintlanzi elwandle.