Ezichaphazela kuqhuma yenyukliya kunye nesenzo izinto

izixhobo zenyukliya - yenye iintlobo ezininzi yingozi kuphila emhlabeni. Ukusetyenziswa kwale sixhobo bakwazi ukucombulula iingxaki ezahlukeneyo. Ukongeza, izinto ahlaselwe, inokuba ilungiselelo eyahlukileyo. Kule nkalo, i Inyukliya ukuze kwenziwe emoyeni, phantsi komhlaba okanye amanzi, phezu komhlaba okanye amanzi. Olu hlobo isixhobo ikwazi kutshabalalisa zonke izinto ezo kukhuseleka, ngokunjalo nabantu. Kulo mba, kukho zinto zilandelayo zichaphazela Inyukliya.

1. Le okubulala. Lo mba oluhlasela i-50 ekhulwini yamandla iyonke yakhululwa dubulo. Iliza kukothuka ukusuka dubulo isixhobo senyukliya kuyafana isenzo ngexesha lekhefu intlekele oluqhelekileyo. umahluko wayo amandla atshabalalisayo yaye ixesha elide. Ukuba ingqalelo yonke imiba echaphazela ukudubula zenyukliya, ngoko oku ingqalelo enkulu.

Le okubulala le isixhobo ekwaziyo bawabulala ekujoliswe ukuba kude kude nombindi wenyikima. Yeyona inkqubo esomeleleyo ucinezelo zezulu. ngesantya andise kuxhomekeke xi eyenziwe. I kude site ngokufutha, ukuba buthathaka iimpembelelo otshangatshangiswayo. Ingozi lencinibakazi kuqhuma nangoku kwinto yokuba enambuzelayo izinto emoyeni, nto leyo inokukhokelela ekufeni. Izitshanguba le nto yahlulwe ilula, inzima, besinzima kunene kunye neziphakathi.

Escape evela okubulala babe nolwazi ikhusi ekhethekileyo.

2. radiation Light. Lo mba oluhlasela i-35% ye-eneji iyonke yakhululwa dubulo. Le flow amandla unyulu, ebandakanya infrared, ezibonakalayo kunye nemitha yelanga. Njengoko mithombo njengokukhanya umoya oshushu kunye neemveliso dubulo umlilo.

lobushushu wokunciphisa ukukhanya besukelana 10,000 ° C. Inqanaba yingozi of ukubetha ukukhanya uzimisele. Olu lulwahlulo imali wamandla ukuya kwindawo ezikuyo. amandla radiation ukukhanya aguqulwa abe bubushushu. Kuyinto kumphezulu shushu. Kunokuba namandla kakhulu kwaye kungakhokelela ekubeni nokosa izinto okanye umlilo.

Abantu ngenxa ukukhutshwa ukukhanya okuveliswa ukutsha ezininzi.

3. radiation ionizing. Imiba echaphazela Inyukliya ziquka, kwaye eli candelo. Okubangela ukuba malunga ne-10 ekhulwini onke amandla. Le yokumpompoza neutron kunye gamma, leyo ezivela nombindi ukusetyenziswa kwezixhobo. proliferation yabo ivela kwiimbombo zonke. I kude kwindawo uqhushumbo, inowuthi uyazikhomba ezo imijelo umoya. Ukuba izixhobo zazisetyenziswa ngaphantsi komhlaba okanye ngaphantsi kwamanzi, ngesidanga impembelelo yabo asezantsi kakhulu. Oku kungenxa yokuba inxalenye nokungena neutron kunye gamma lilo amanzi emhlabeni.

Gaze radiation ihlanganisa indawo elingaphantsi wave ukothuka okanye radiation. Kodwa kukho izixhobo ezinjalo, apho isenzo ionizing imitha liphezulu kakhulu kwezinye izinto.

Neutron kunye gamma kusichukumisa inyama, uvimba umsebenzi kwiseli. Oku kukhokelela utshintsho emzimbeni, amalungu kunye neenkqubo zayo. Iiseli ukufa ukubola. Xa abantu, ibizwa ngokuba isifo radiation. Ukuze kuhlolwe iqondo sesichengeni kwemitha, isigqibo idosi radiation.

4. Ungcoliseko lokusasazeka kwemitha. Emva kuqhuma, ezinye izinto ayikho phantsi kolwahlulo. Amasuntswana alpha kwakheka ngenxa yokubola yayo. Uninzi lwabo esebenzayo ngaphantsi kweyure. Galelo likhulu kakhulu imisebe le ndawo msi nombindi dubulo.

5. An ukubetha electromagnetic. Kwakhona inxalenye yenkqubo, oluthi luqokelelane yi imiba echaphazela izixhobo zenyukliya. It linxulunyaniswa lubandakanywe kwamabala enamandla kagesi.

Ezi yonke imiba engundoqo echaphazela Inyukliya. wesenzo inempembelelo ebalulekileyo kwi yonke loo mmandla kunye nabantu abawela kulo mmandla.

izixhobo zenyukliya kunye nezinto zalo ezichaphazela zihlolisiswe yi uluntu. ukusetyenziswa kwayo ilawulwa yi uluntu ehlabathini ukuthintela ntlekele zehlabathi.