Ephilisa emva egalela ehlotyeni nasebusika ixesha

Ephilisa eziphathekayo kunye ekudibaneni kwemichiza, ochaphazela kakhulu phambi amanzi. Xa mass eziphathekayo kwindawo ukuxutywa kongezwe imali eyaneleyo ulwelo ukuqinisekisa ukuxovwa. Ukwenzela ukulungiselela le nkqubo ukuba kuqhubeka de kube lelo xesha njengoko ikhonkrithi lukhuni ngokupheleleyo, kuyimfuneko ukuba azondle imithombo yamanzi okanye athathe amanyathelo uyazigcina. inkathalo Ngokusekelwe emva ngokugalela eziphathekayo nokugcina imeko emanzi ixesha elithile ukwenzela ukuthintela ukufunxeka ukufuma okanye ukungcola ubuso formwork kunye ngumphunga yayo. Kwakhona ngendlela ilele kunokwenzeka moya.

imithetho

GOST eziphathekayo enzima 26633 2012, efumaneka isamente esezantsi ekuqaleni-amandla, abaneminyaka zikwimeko kufumile iiveki ezimbini ubuncinane. Ithuba elifutshane ifunelwa ukuqaqadeka lwesamente ngokukhawuleza, kodwa kulo mzekelo, umsebenzi wenziwe ngakumbi ngokucokisekileyo.

Le eziphathekayo emanzi uba iqondo elisezantsi xa kuthelekiswa ne eqhelekileyo. Lo mba esihambelana izinto aluminous, ekubeni kukho ukuhla lamandla alo phantse kabini xa esingadlulanga umbundu lobushushu 32 ° C.

Nezilawulwa enganyangekiyo isniphu 3.01.01-85. Zonke iindlela ngolawulo iimeko ukufuma kunye nobushushu ayamiselwa projekthi yesixhobo.

Features ukunakekelwa ihlobo

Kowona msebenzi wokunyamekela kumphezulu ehlotyeni kukuthintela wokwaphusa ngaphandle. Formation of ukufuma imo ezilungile imithetho elula efuna ukwenziwa ngendlela. Sun rays kanye ngqo umoya kuchaphazela ngokungalunganga imiphezulu bako, ngoko ke kufuneka ukhuselwe kubo. Isetyenziswa le ufume ukutyabeka incipient, umzekelo, kukho tarpaulin okanye nandawo. Le film polyethylene baphinda babe nezinto ukunqanda yokomisa. It ikuvumela ukuba ukuthintela kukuvela imibuzo efana nale: "? Kutheni zonakalisa eziphathekayo kwaye kukho ekuphangeni netyuwa"

Xa engekho kumphezulu ezizodwa enamathela iiyure ezimbalwa emva kokugqitywa wayinkcenkcesha okanye ezaliswe isanti. Le rhoqo yamanzi kuchaphazela iimeko ambient, kodwa ngokuzimeleyo kubo, ukutyabeka kufuneka rhoqo umanzi de ikhonkrithi iye yazuza kakhulu amandla elimisiweyo. Ungasebenzisa namathumbu amanzi ukunkcankcashela.

Phantsi imeko amaqondo obushushu aphezulu phambi concreting imisebenzi formwork ubunamanzi kakuhle. Ukuba luthe lwancothulwa phambi kokuba aphele ephilisa, kufuneka amafutha iinqwelomoya raspalublennyh nkqo. Kuba kwiindawo apho kukho eshushu, eyomileyo imozulu eyiyo yokusetyenziswa kwenkqubo kunye imingxuma ezincinane ukunkcankcashela iindawo nkqo nge ethambekeni elibukhali.

Ezinye izinto ezimbi

Umgangatho ngesamente wabeka ukuze asichaphazeli nje bubushushu, kodwa komhlaba. Ukuze siphephe isenzo ngxwaba ekuzinziseni inwebu ubushushu okanye ethumela izigulane. Wenziwe umsebenzi onjalo ukuba isamente alumina iintsuku ezintathu, kunye neentsuku 10-14 kwezinye iintlobo.

Ebonakalayo yamanzi isiqulatho amtyuba nzima kuyilo. Emva komphunga kokuba neetyuwa mabahlale izinto ulwelo kwaye kukhokelela ekuncipheni ngamandla eziphathekayo. Kulo mzekelo, kuphela njengeceba ukutyabeka ubuze apho ibekwe kumgama besentimitha ezimbalwa eso sakhiwo. Couples ogalelwe umxube, apho ityuwa ahlale izinto nesigqubuthelo.

Kuba Ukhuseleko ukuxovwa umxube eziphathekayo kufuna ixesha ezibalulekileyo kunye nomgudu. Ngoko ke njalo itha kunye nemixube ipeyinti, i-bhanyabhanya Polymer zokhuselo ukulungiselela iindawo kunye video enkulu ezisetyenziswayo, kuqikelelwa akukho ndiphinde ndithethe eziphathekayo.

I indlela ekhethekileyo ukufuma kuyimfuneko ukuze izinto zesamente ezilula kunye fillers lohlobo amazwe. Ephilisa wayixhalabelayo emini ixesha esebenzisa ukutyabeka bhanyabhanya kunye nemixube yepeyinti ezikhusela ukusuka ibingenakunyakama.

kubushushu obuphantsi

Kakade ke, ukuba unalo ithuba ukukhetha ixesha umsebenzi eziphathekayo, kungcono ukuba zincede zikhethe kwiinyanga zasehlotyeni. Ke wena ku tirhisa concreting ebusika, kufuna amanyathelo ezikhethekileyo ukukhusela izinto ngumkhenkce phambi kokuba abaphumelela amandla efanelekileyo.

Xa ukulungiselela isisombululo ngaphandle kongezwe modifiers ezithile kufuneka ukufudumeza amanzi. Kule ufakelo rhoqo kufuneka kwenziwe. Umaleko eliphezulu zivaliwe ukuba kusingathwa ngokusebenzisa umphunga zisuswe, ngoko nangoko wenza bathele.

Ebusika, enganyangekiyo ibandakanya oku kulandelayo:

• Ngaphandle umda uluhlu ubushushu yambathisiwe isakhiwo usebenzisa izinto zokwambathisa ezikhoyo.
• Abaguquli ngamandla aphezulu esetyenziselwa ngokushushubeza isiseko siyanyangeka.
• Sebenzisa uhlobo ukukhanya eziphathekayo okanye eziphathekayo sinzima, GOST ovumela kudla nokubanda.

Ukudala ubushushu imo oluqhelekileyo kunokwenzeka with "neentente" ngoxa ngokushushubeza umpu ubushushu. Kubalulekile ukuphawula ukuba undesirability lweziqalelo zokufudumeza yombane ukuba zibhityile-onodonga, njengoko oku kunokukhokelela overdrying. Imeko Indlela yokuphuma kukusebenzisa ukufudumeza ngomphunga okanye heater infrared.

formwork

Uyilo Modern ukunika ukhuselo olwaneleyo kukoma, i-moya evulekileyo kufuneka uthathe indawo nangoko emva egalela imozulu eyomileyo.

Ukuze formwork eyenziwe ngomthi akuthethi ukufunxa ukufuma kwaye inikeza ezikumgangatho ophezulu yokuqaqadeka ngekhonkrithi, kumphezulu wayo yangaphakathi isale i pre-oyile kuqamba okhethekileyo. Uyacetyiswa ukuba ukutshiza ngendlela ngaphandle, ingakumbi xa kushushu.

landa kukoma ukhuselo ifunelwa nezakhiwo ezincinane, xa kuthelekiswa ne-kwimiboniso eziphathekayo, oku kubangelwe-moya kuphuhliswa ngokuhlangene umqulu ekhoyo. Ngokukhawuleza ngaphezu kwezinye iindawo kuqala yome imiphetho kunye neekona.

Ukusebenza iindawo ezinkulu

Ukususela mzuzu xa eziphathekayo ogqityiweyo ngokubekwa vula kumphezulu enkulu, inkathalo efanelekileyo iyafuneka, ukuphunyezwa apho kunokwenzeka ngeendlela ezininzi.

Ukunkcenkceshela umlinganiselo liqhagamshelene ithumbu babetha umlomo spray. Kwezinye iimeko, ufakelo eyiyo inkqubo yonkcenkceshelo kunye isenzo esiqhubekayo. Kodwa oku kunokukhokelela liqhuma of eziphathekayo ngenxa intsimbi ixutywe eziqulathwe emanzini. Ngoko ke, kungakuhle ukuba ukusebenzisa imibhobho ezenziwe aluminium ezizodwa.

Xa ilungiselelo amadama kufuneka kukhunjulwe ukuba kukho indawo enkulu evulekileyo kwibhloko nganye, oko kukuthi ephilisa ehlotyeni kufuneka wenziwe kwelikhaya kwamanzi okunkcenkceshela.

Amanqaku yayisoma obhityileyo

Ngenxa Ebubanzini encinane komgangatho eziphathekayo unalo ilahleko ekhawulezileyo ukufuma. Ukhuthaza ukuyilwa dusting ukutshabalala yokugubungela banxibe. Ifuna umbutho komsebenzi ayengawokuphilisa njengekonkile ezingahambi ilahleko kokufuma. Sex emva kokugqiba zibhaqwe wafefa amanzi kwaye uzaliswe isanti okanye ukufihla izinto ngamanzi. Amalungiselelo coating kunokwenzeka kuphela kwimeko apho kungekho okuba monakalo komhlaba. Sandy yokuhlala kufuneka uhlale ufumile. Kukwakho nezinye iindlela ukugcina ukufuma, kodwa ezingasebenziseki kakuhle.

Ephilisa ngokukhusela amalungiselelo

Iintlobo ngeentlobo imiqathango yokhuselo, okusetyenziselwa ukutshiza ubunzima eziphathekayo yaye zohlulwa ngokwendidi ezintathu: beqabe abamnyama, abamhlophe kunye enemibala. Ezi meko zimbini zokugqibela nempembelelo engephi umoya okanye ubunzulu eziphathekayo. imixube White ziyilelwe ukuba agubungele umphezulu eziphathekayo ukusuka elangeni, ukunciphisa ubushushu okubangelwa kwelanga kunye nokunciphisa inani komsi. Practice ibonisa ukuba eziphathekayo uye iipropati eziphathekayo kumphezulu emhlophe ukhuselo efanayo elangeni, nto leyo ekhokelela ukuba ukuhla ubilisa yonke kumphezulu wayo.

Le resin Isisombululo esetyenziselwa enamathela phezu zokuchopha njengoko ephilisa de kube namandla ngokwaneleyo efunekayo ezinye iindlela eziza kuphunyezwa. Ngenxa umbala emnyama kunye nokwanda Absorption nobushushu, ukutyabeka protective unalo ukusebenza asezantsi kakhulu.

Nokudala ezisekelwe itha

ngeso lenyama Bituminous ukwandisa iqondo lobushushu kwaye kungakhokelela ngumphunga esebenzayo. kugci- thermal ukwandisa xa kukho iindawo ezingabhalwanga, into leyo eyenza igalelo ukuvela neentanda. Xa imozulu welifu, ezaqanjwa ngebhitumene kunciphisa ngokuhlaziya kodwa zome umoya ongenamandla angabhuqwa ukufuma ngumphunga. Ukusebenzisa ezimhlophe coating snizhet ubushushu ezongezelelweyo ukufunxeka. Kodwa ayikwazi ukubeka ecaleni zonke nengeloncedo iikhompawundi akhuselayo abamnyama Ipeyinti ezimhlophe kutshatyalaliswa phantsi kwempembelelo iimeko zokusingqongileyo. Enoba kwenzeka ntoni na, ngoko ke akukho mfuneko yokuba ukuthelekelela iintanda kutheni eziphathekayo, kuyimfuneko kuthungwa ngayo ezirhwexayo okanye ifilim, uze yokunyakamisa indlela eqhelekileyo.

Kuba moya, kulandele backfilling kunye ityhubhu namatonela nenengqiqo ukusetyenziswa Ipeyinti ye tar okanye yebhitumene. Ukunciphisa kukufakwa ubushushu, yenziwe ngokuluqaba mhlophe eziphathekayo phambi kokuba coverage iya kudityelelwa.

Kutshanje, ukusetyenziswa iindlela zokuzikhusela iphawulwe, ezenza elastic ubhityile umboniso esiqinileyo. Baye okwangoku ezifunyenwe ngokubanzi ngenxa yokubethelela emxinwa, kodwa ukuba isetyenziswe kakuhle, baluncedo kakhulu ezomileyo abangaxhalabisiyo, imozulu eshushu. impumelelo zabo ziye zancitshiswa kwimimandla ezomileyo.

iityuwa hygroscopic

Ephilisa emva ukulahlwa kwakhona Xenikweni kusetyenziswa iityuwa leyo ukufunxa ukufuma ukusuka kokusingqongileyo. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba, ukuba lo ukufuma isihlobo iwela ngaphantsi kwenqanaba ebalulekileyo, umphumo umva, esakhiwa ngo ngumphunga emanzini.